Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania Marreties Hoeck | |
|---|---|
 Marcus Hook Borough Hall | |
 Flag  Logo | |
| Motto: The Cornerstone of Pennsylvania | |
 Location of Marcus Hook inDelaware County, Pennsylvania (top) and of Delaware County inPennsylvania (below) | |
  Marcus Hook Marcus Hook (the United States) Show map of the United States | |
| Coordinates:39°49′N75°25′W / 39.817°N 75.417°W /39.817; -75.417 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Pennsylvania |
| County | Delaware |
| Established | 1655 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Gene Taylor |
| Area | |
• Total | 1.63 sq mi (4.21 km2) |
| • Land | 1.11 sq mi (2.87 km2) |
| • Water | 0.52 sq mi (1.34 km2) |
| Elevation | 30 ft (9.1 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 2,454 |
| • Density | 2,214.2/sq mi (854.89/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP Code | 19061 |
| Area codes | 610 and 484 |
| FIPS code | 42-47344 |
| Website | www |
Marcus Hook is aborough inDelaware County,Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,397 at the2010 census.[3] The current mayor is Gene Taylor. The borough calls itself "The Cornerstone of Pennsylvania". The 2005 filmOne Last Thing... was set and partially filmed in Marcus Hook.
The earliest inhabitants of Marcus Hook were members of theLenapeNative American tribe and their indigenous ancestors, whose succeeding cultures occupied present-day Marcus Hook and surrounding areas for thousands of years.
The Lenape had a major settlement in Marcus Hook;New Sweden colonists established a trading post here in the 1640s. The village was calledChammassungh, or "Finland" by the Swedes. It was located on the west side of theDelaware River, between Marcus Hook Creek andNaamans Creek. Dutch colonists renamed the settlement as"Marrites Hoeck" afterthey conquered the area in 1655.[4] The name is derived from the word Hook, meaning promontory, or point of land projecting into the water and Marcus, a corruption of the name of the Indian chief, calledMaarte by the Dutch, who lived at the Hook.[5]
English colonists gained control of the Dutch colonies and foundedSt. Martin's Church in 1699; the new church opened for worship in 1702. Walter Martin ofUpper Chichester founded this church as an alternative place of worship and burial for Christian non-Quakers.[6]
Marcus Hook became a prosperous community and market town and in 1708 was of equal prominence to nearbyChester, Pennsylvania, with each location having approximately 100 houses.[7]
In the early 1700s, Marcus Hook was a haven forpirates who plagued the lowerDelaware River. The market at Marcus Hook provided the pirates a place to sell plundered goods and re-supply away from the authorities and custom officials inPhiladelphia. Early maps of Marcus Hook show the current Second Street was originally named "Discord Lane", since it was the location of the pirates' revelry when they were in town.[8]
Marcus Hook Plank House reportedly was once the home of a Swedish mistress of the pirateBlackbeard, named Margaret.[8][9]
By the mid-18th century, Marcus Hook became a major regional center for the building of wooden sailing ships and remained so until the late 19th century. By that time, larger tonnage ships became more popular than thesloops andschooners built in Marcus Hook.[8]
During theAmerican Revolutionary War, two tiers of underwaterchevaux-de-frise obstacles were placed across the Delaware River at Marcus Hook to provide a first line of defense of Philadelphia against British naval forces.[10] Marcus Hook also served as a training center for thePennsylvania militia. TheContinental Army was stationed at Marcus Hook during the fall of 1777. As the town was bombarded by British warships, there are very few pre-Revolutionary houses in Marcus Hook.[11]
Marcus Hook served as a defensive post along the Delaware River during theWar of 1812, with over 5,000 United States troops placed there.[11]
The borough was officially incorporated on March 7, 1892. The convergence of rail, roads, a deep water port, and the nation's growing thirst for petroleum gave rise to the refineries that became the borough's dominant industry.[12][13]
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Sun Oil Company opened the Marcus Hook refinery in 1901 to refine crude oil brought by ship fromTexas. It was the first of seven major refineries that made up the largest fuel-manufacturing center in the Northeast. The refinery was closed in 2011 due to deteriorating market conditions.[14] The refinery was reopened as Marcus Hook Industrial Complex operated by Energy Transfer Partners. Processing Marcellus Shale gas transferred via the Mariner East and Mariner XL Pipelines.
In 1910, theAmerican Viscose Corporation opened a plant in Marcus Hook for the production ofrayon and other synthetic fibers.[15]
On February 4, 1932, the MSBidwell, a motortanker belonging to Sun Oil, exploded and burned at the Sinclair Dock while tanks were being cleaned of residual crude oil in preparation for loading of gasoline. The first explosion occurred at 12:20 am and was followed by three more explosions within 25 minutes, resulting in 17 or 18 dead, including the entire crew and captain, and four were injured. The disaster induced Sun Oil to developcargo tank inerting and install it on all their ships beginning the following year, in 1933.[16][17]
Marcus Hook is located along the southern border ofDelaware County, Pennsylvania at39°49′N75°25′W / 39.817°N 75.417°W /39.817; -75.417 (39.8182, -75.4155).[18] It is bordered to the northwest byLower Chichester Township, including the community ofLinwood, to the northeast by the borough ofTrainer, to the southeast across theDelaware River byGloucester County, New Jersey, and to the southwest byNew Castle County, Delaware. The southern border of Marcus Hook is part of theTwelve-Mile Circle border between Pennsylvania andDelaware.
According to theU.S. Census Bureau, Marcus Hook has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.2 km2), 1.1 square miles (2.9 km2) of which is land and 0.50 square miles (1.3 km2), or 31.63%, of which is water.[3] Thelowest point in the state of Pennsylvania is located on the Delaware River in Marcus Hook, where it flows out of Pennsylvania and into Delaware. The borough has ahumid subtropical climate (Cfa) and average monthly temperatures range from 33.1 °F in January to 77.9 °F in July.[19] Thehardiness zone is 7b.
Marcus Hook is a part ofChichester School District, which includes Marcus Hook Elementary School] for grades K-4, Chichester Middle School for grades 5-8, and Chichester High School for grades 9-12. Each of the three schools is located in Marcus Hook.
The areaCatholic K-8 school is Holy Family Regional Catholic School inAston. Marcus Hook previously had its own Catholic grade school, Immaculate Conception School. It closed in 1974, with students moved to Holy Savior School. That school merged into Holy Savior-St. John Fisher School inLinwood, which in turn merged into Holy Family in 2012.[20]
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 1,209 | — | |
| 1910 | 1,573 | 30.1% | |
| 1920 | 5,324 | 238.5% | |
| 1930 | 4,867 | −8.6% | |
| 1940 | 4,123 | −15.3% | |
| 1950 | 3,843 | −6.8% | |
| 1960 | 3,299 | −14.2% | |
| 1970 | 3,041 | −7.8% | |
| 1980 | 2,638 | −13.3% | |
| 1990 | 2,546 | −3.5% | |
| 2000 | 2,314 | −9.1% | |
| 2010 | 2,397 | 3.6% | |
| 2020 | 2,454 | 2.4% | |
| [21][2] | |||
As of Census 2010, the racial makeup of the borough was 82.3%White, 13.6%African American, 0.1%Native American, 0.4%Asian, 0.3% fromother races, and 3.6% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 3.0% of the population[1][dead link].
As of thecensus[22] of 2000, there were 2,314 people, 919 households, and 565 families residing in the borough. The population density was 2,055.7 inhabitants per square mile (793.7/km2). There were 1,025 housing units at an average density of 910.6 per square mile (351.6/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 91.44%White, 5.32%African American, 0.09%Native American, 0.61%Asian, 0.69% fromother races, and 1.86% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 1.77% of the population.
There were 919 households, out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.9% weremarried couples living together, 19.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families. 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.18.
In the borough the population was spread out, with 28.1% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 31.5% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $28,219, and the median income for a family was $36,083. Males had a median income of $31,620 versus $24,569 for females. Theper capita income for the borough was $13,738. About 13.3% of families and 21.7% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 16.5% of those age 65 or over.
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As of 2020, there were 7.25 miles (11.67 km) of public roads in Marcus Hook, of which 1.90 miles (3.06 km) were maintained by thePennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and 5.35 miles (8.61 km) were maintained by the borough.[23]
U.S. Route 13 (10th Street) is the main road through the borough, leading northeast 4 miles (6 km) toChester, and southwest 9 miles (14 km) toWilmington, Delaware.Pennsylvania Route 452 (Market Street) intersects US 13 in the center of the borough and leads north 1 mile (1.6 km) toInterstate 95 Exit 2, and 7 miles (11 km) toU.S. Route 1 west ofMedia.[24]Marcus Hook station is aSEPTA train station on theWilmington/Newark Line providing service toCenter City Philadelphia, Wilmington, andNewark, Delaware.SEPTA Route 119 bus also services Marcus Hook along its route betweenChester Transit Center andCheyney University.[25]
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TheRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia operates Catholic churches. Immaculate Conception of Lourdes Church in Marcus Hook opened in January 1917.[26] In 2013 Immaculate Conception merged with in St. John Fisher Church inUpper Chichester Township, with the Immaculate Conception parish closed.[27]
The 2005 American comedy-drama filmOne Last Thing..., about a 16-year-old terminally ill boy hoping his final wish is granted, takes place in Marcus Hook.[28]
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Media related toMarcus Hook, Pennsylvania at Wikimedia CommonsMunicipalities and communities ofDelaware County, Pennsylvania,United States | ||
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| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
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