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Mao Yisheng | |
|---|---|
茅以升 | |
 | |
| Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference | |
| In office 26 May 1984 – 10 April 1988 | |
| Chairwoman | Deng Yingchao |
| President ofNorthern Jiaotong University | |
| In office July 1949 – August 1951 | |
| Preceded by | Xu Peikun [zh] |
| Succeeded by | Wang Xiaoci [zh] |
| President ofPeiyang University | |
| In office May 1946 – August 1948 | |
| Preceded by | Shu-tien Li |
| Succeeded by | Zhang Hanying |
| President of National Peiyang Technical Institute | |
| In office July 1928 – June 1930 | |
| Preceded by | Liu Xianzhou |
| Succeeded by | Cai Yuanze (蔡远泽) |
| President ofHehai Institute of Engineering | |
| In office July 1924 – August 1925 | |
| Preceded by | Shen Zuwei (沈祖伟) |
| Succeeded by | Yang Xiaoshu (杨孝述) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Mao Yisheng (茅以昇) (1896-01-09)January 9, 1896 |
| Died | November 12, 1989(1989-11-12) (aged 93) Beijing, China |
| Spouse | Dai Chuanhui |
| Relations | Mao Yushi (nephew) |
| Children | 4 |
| Alma mater | Southwest Jiaotong University Cornell University Carnegie Mellon University |
Dr.Mao Yisheng a.k.a.Thomson Eason Mao (Chinese:茅以升;pinyin:Máo Yǐshēng;Wade–Giles:Mao2 I3-sheng1; January 9, 1896 – November 12, 1989) was a Chinese structural engineer and social activist. He was one of the most famous Chinesestructural engineers, a pioneer in bridge construction, and asocial activist.
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Mao was born inZhenjiang,Jiangsu province. He enteredJiaotong University's Tangshan Engineering College (nowSouthwest Jiaotong University) and earned his bachelor's degree incivil engineering in 1916. He earned his master's degree fromCornell University and earned the first Ph.D. ever granted by the Carnegie Institute of Technology (nowCarnegie Mellon University) in 1919. His doctoral treatise entitledSecondary Stress on Frame Construction is treasured at the Hunt Library of Carnegie Mellon University and the university constructed a statue of him on campus in his honor.
Mao was regarded as the founder of modern bridge engineering in China. With regard to traditional Chinese bridges, he once said "the most ancient bridge in China is theZhaozhou Bridge, the most splendid theLugou Bridge, and the most elegant and artistic theFive-Pavilion Bridge."[1]
Mao's long and productive career included designing two of the most famous modern bridges in China, theQiantang River Bridge nearHangzhou, and theWuhan Yangtze River Bridge inWuhan. The Qiantang River Bridge is the first dual-purpose road-and-railway bridge designed and built by a Chinese.[2] He also participated in the construction of China's first modern bridge – Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. During the construction of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, Mao Yisheng served as chairman of the Technical Advisory Committee composed of more than 20 foreign and Chinese bridge experts, and solved 14 difficult problems relating to bridge construction.
He also led the structural design of theGreat Hall of the People inBeijing.
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Returning to China, Mao was on the faculty of five major universities and served as president of four, such as the professor and President of Tangshan Engineering College of theNational Chiao Tung University (nowSouthwest Jiaotong University), Dean of Engineering College ofNational Southeastern University (later renamedNational Central University and thenNanjing University, the engineering school of which later becameNanjing Institute of Technology and thenSoutheast University), President ofHohai Technology University (nowSoutheast University andHohai University), President ofPeiyang University (nowTianjin University), President of China Chiao Tung University (later renamed Northern Chiao Tung University, with campus inTangshan andBeijing, laterSouthwest Jiaotong University andBeijing Jiaotong University), President of Director of Project Office of HangzhouQiantang River Bridge, and Director of Bridge Planning Project Office of Transportation Ministry ofKuomintang Administration.
He significantly influenced Chinese engineering education by introducing new subject matter and innovative pedagogical approaches. In addition to his engineering expertise, he was a distinguished scholar of theHistory of science in China.
He advocatedpopular science education, and wrote "On Bridge", "China's Arch Bridges" and many other popular science articles.
Mao served as a leader of theChina Engineers Association, theChinese Civil Engineering Society and theChina Association of Science and Technology. He has also served as president ofSouthwest Jiaotong University (from Tangshan Engineering College to Northern Jiaotong University to Southwest Jiaotong University), director of Railway Institute under the Ministry of Railway, president of Railway Scientific Research Center, chairman of Beijing Science Association, honorary president and vice-president of the China Association for Science and Technology, vice-chairman ofJiu San Society, vice-chairman of theChinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), member of CPPCC, and the standing committee member ofNational People's Congress.
Mao was elected as a member ofChinese Academy of Sciences in 1955, foreign associate of the United StatesNational Academy of Engineering in 1982.[3] He was a senior member ofInternational Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, honorary member of theCanadian Society of Civil Engineers, and outstanding alumnus from Cornell University and Carnegie Mellon University.
On April 18, 2006, Carnegie Mellon University set up a statue honoring its first doctoral graduate. The sculpture includes an inscription from China's PremierWen Jiabao.
On March 27, 2014, an eponymous play debuted at Beijing Jiaotong. Deans from the sister Jiaotong universities attended the premiere.
Mao Yisheng's nephewMao Yushi is an economist.
| Educational offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Previous: Shen Zuwei (沈祖伟) | President ofHehai Institute of Engineering 1924-1925 | Next: Yang Xiaoshu (杨孝述) |
| Previous: Liu Xianzhou | President of National Peiyang Technical Institute 1928-1930 | Next: Cai Yuanze (蔡远泽) |
| Previous: Shu-tien Li | President ofPeiyang University 1946-1948 | Next: Zhang Hanying |
| Previous: Xu Peikun [zh] | President ofNorthern Jiaotong University 1949-1951 | Next: Wang Xiaoci [zh] |
| International | |
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| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
| Other | |
