Manya Surve | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Manohar Arjun Surve (1944-08-08)8 August 1944 |
| Died | 11 January 1982(1982-01-11) (aged 37) |
| Cause of death | Police encounter |
| Alma mater | Kirti M. Doongursee College, Mumbai |
| Criminal charge | Murder,Looting,Trafficking |
 | This articleneeds additionalverifiablecitations containingsignificant coverage. Please helpimprove this article byadding reliable sources withsignificant coverage. Articles relying excessively onnon-significant sources may failnotability and be deleted.(January 2026) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Manohar Arjun “Manya” Surve (8 August 1944 – 11 January 1982), was an Indiangangster based inMumbai. He was one of the educated gangsters who graduated from college and was well known for challenging and defeating existing gangs.
Surve was known for his daredevilry and strategic planning. As a young man and graduate ofKirti College, Surve was implicated in a murder that he did not commit and was sentenced to imprisonment inYerwada Jail.[1] Within just two years of activity, his crew rose to such prominence that the Pathans, who had ruled the underworld for over two decades, sought his help in murdering theKonkani-speaking Kaskar brothers,Dawood andShabir, the leaders of their archrival gang,D-Company.
Following the murder of Shabir Ibrahim, Surve's fellow accomplices began to fall off one by one. Noticing this, Surve laid low. Meanwhile, local law enforcement was preparing operations to reduce persistent mob violence with an onslaught of targeted assassinations. Inspectors Isaque Bagwan and Raja Tambhat, with Senior Inspector Y. D. Bhide, was put in charge of taking down Surve.[1] Surve was killed in 1982 by the Maharashtra police in what is regarded as Mumbai's firstencounter killing.[2][3]
Manohar Arjun Surve was born in 1944 in the village of Ranpar in theKonkan Ratnagiri region, located in the Central Deccan Division of the erstwhileBombay Presidency,British Indian Empire. The village is now a part of Ratnagiri Taluka,Ratnagiri District,Maharashtra, India. Surve moved toBombay with his mother and stepfather in 1952. For years, he lived in differentchawls inElphinstone Road andLower Parel. He was a Chemistry graduate fromKirti M. Doongursee College, Mumbai, achieving a high score of 78%. He then fell into street life, eventually forming a crew consisting of former classmates. During these years, he was introduced to his best friend and associate Sumesh Desai through his stepbrother Bhargav Dada. Dada was a feared criminal from Agar Bazar inDadar. In 1969, Surve, Dada and associate Manya Podhkar were all charged in the homicide and gang assault of a man named Dandekar. The trio were soon arrested by Police Inspector E. S. Dabholkar and sentenced to life imprisonment.[4]
While incarcerated at theYerwada Central Jail inPune, Surve developed a fierce rivalry with gangster Suhas ("Potya Bhai") Bhatkar. Annoyed by Surve's terror tactics, the prison authorities had him transferred toRatnagiri jail. There, he took part in ahunger strike and lost almost 20 kg before being transferred to the local civil hospital. Surve utilized this opportunity to escape on 14 November 1979 and returned to the streets of Mumbai, having served over nine years of his sentence.[4]
After he returned to Mumbai, Surve formed another outfit and recruited his two trusted lieutenants, Sheikh Munir fromDharavi and Vishnu Patil fromDombivli. They were soon joined by another gangster, Uday Shetty, in March 1980.[4]
The group's first robbery took place on 5 April 1980, in which they stole anAmbassador car. The vehicle was later used to loot Rs 5,700 from the Laxmi Trading Company near Currey Road. On 15 April, Surve and his associates brutally assaulted and nearly killed Sheikh Aziz, an enemy of Sheikh Munir, near Kala Killa in the Dharavi slum. On 30 April, they stabbed a police constable when he was escorting rival Vijay Ghadge to a police station in Dadar.[4]
Borrowing the plot from aJames Hadley Chase novel, which he had read in prison, Surve decided to loot money from the government milk scheme in a bid to gain money as well as recognition from the Mumbai underworld. The group, with the addition of Dayanand, Parshuram Katkar, and Kishore Sawant, stole a car near Badal Bijlee Barkha inMahim and went on to execute a heist of Rs 1.26 lakh nearGovandi. The stolen vehicle was later found abandoned nearNational College inBandra, exactly as penned in the Chase novel.[4]
Another famous robbery undertaken by Surve's group included Rs 1.6 lakh from Canara Bank's branch on Sion-Trombay road and Duke and Sons Company atDeonar.[4] Surve's criminal activities were not confined to heists and robberies. He was also involved in narcotics trafficking, as he saw that the profits derived from it were considerable.[5]
The group's various successful heists and robberies brought a tremendous amount of attention. As a result, the police were put under great pressure to deal with Surve, and they launched Operation Manya Surve to capture and curb his criminal activities.[4]
On 22 June 1981, Sheikh Munir was picked up from a chemical company nearKalyan. A few days later, Dayanand and Parshuram Katkar were arrested at a lodge inGoregoan. Anticipating his capture, Surve slipped into an aide's hideout in Bhiwandi but quickly fled on 19 November 1981. When police finally broke into the apartment, they recovered a hand grenade, a country-made revolver, and live ammunition.[4]
On 11 January 1982, Surve took a taxi to the Ambedkar College junction inWadala. It is believed Mumbai police received a tip fromDawood Ibrahim that Surve would be arriving at a beauty parlour near the Ambedkar College junction there.[4] It is also theorised that his girlfriend Vidya revealed his whereabouts at that time. At around 1:30 pm, 18 Crime Branch officers split into three teams and waited for him to arrive. After twenty minutes, Surve was spotted exiting a taxi to pick up his girlfriend Vidya.[4]
After noticing several men closing in on him and taking positions, Surve pulled out hisWebley & Scott revolver. However, before he could fire a shot, police officers Raja Tambat andIsaque Bagwan fired five bullets into his chest and shoulder.[4]
Surve was dragged from the scene and put in an ambulance. This encounter was the end of Surve's spree of urban crime. This happened due to his involvement in the murder of Dawood's brother Shabbir.
Surve's death became known as Mumbai's first recordedencounter killing.[2][3] The rate of encounter killings increased in the late 1980s and further rose after the1993 Mumbai bombings; a total of 622 alleged criminals were killed in police encounters from 1982 to 2004.[6][7]
The life of Manya Surve inspired and provided the basis for the 1990 gangster film,Agneepath. The film's main character, Vijay Dinanath Chauhan, played byAmitabh Bachchan, was heavily based on Surve. Bachchan's portrayal of Chauhan earned him aNational Award for Best Actor.[8] It was remade with the same name,Agneepath, in 2012.
The life of Surve is portrayed in the 2013Bollywood filmShootout at Wadala, starringJohn Abraham as Surve.[9]
