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Manukau City | |
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Territorial authority of New Zealand | |
 The Manukau skyline looking northwest. | |
 Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: South Auckland | |
| Motto: Ante Alios Prosili (Be ahead of the times) | |
 Manukau City within New Zealand | |
 Manukau City (in orange) within the Auckland metropolitan area. The darker orange indicates the urban area. | |
| Coordinates:36°59′S174°53′E / 36.983°S 174.883°E /-36.983; 174.883 | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| Island | North Island |
| Region | Auckland |
| Wards | Botany-Clevedon, Howick, Māngere, Manurewa, Otara, Pakuranga, Papatoetoe |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Barry Curtis (1983–2007) Len Brown (2007–2010) |
| Area | |
• Total | 683 km2 (264 sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+12 (NZST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+13 (NZDT) |
| Area code | 09 |
| Website | manukau.govt.nz |
Manukau City was a territorial authority district inAuckland, New Zealand, that was governed by the Manukau City Council. The area is also referred to as "South Auckland", although this term never possessed official recognition and does not encompass areas such asEast Auckland, which was within the city boundary. It was a relatively young city, both in terms of legal status and large-scale settlement – though in June 2010, it was the third largest in New Zealand, and the fastest growing.[1] In the same year, the entireAuckland Region was amalgamated under a single city authority,Auckland Council.
The nameManukau, originating from theManukau Harbour to the west, is ofMāori origin, and means "only birds" ("manu kau"),[2][3] although it has been suggested that the original name of the harbour wasMānuka, meaning a marker post with which an early chief is said to have claimed the area.[4]
In 1965, the name "Manukau" won a public poll of the residents ofManukau County andManurewa Borough as the new district's name, which theNew Zealand Geographic Board approved for "Auckland's new southern city".[5]
Manukau City was formed by the amalgamation of Manukau County and Manurewa Borough in 1965. The council originally housed their offices at the Nathan Estate (now theAuckland Botanic Gardens, until permanent offices were constructed.[6] The initial proposal for amalgamation included the boroughs ofOtahuhu,Papatoetoe,Howick, andPapakura but the aforementioned boroughs opposed amalgamation.[7]
Manukau County was reduced in size on the 1st April, 1912, with the southern portion of the county forming the newFranklin County.[8]
In 1923, Manukau County covered 195 sq mi (510 km2) and had a population of 6,146, with 163 mi (262 km) ofgravel roads, 90 mi (140 km) of mud roads and 115 mi (185 km) of tracks.[9]
The Manukau City area is concentrated immediately to the south of theŌtāhuhu isthmus, the narrowest connection between Auckland City and theNorthland region and the rest of the North Island. At its narrowest, between the Otahuhu Creek arm of theTamaki River (itself anestuarial arm of theHauraki Gulf) in the east and the Māngere Inlet (an arm of theManukau Harbour) to the west, the isthmus is only some 1500 metres across.
The area to the south of the isthmus contains the heart of Manukau, sprawled on either side ofstate highways 1 and20, the latter of which approaches from the west after crossingMāngere Bridge. The area known as Manukau Central is located close to the junction of these two highways, some 20 kilometres southeast of the centre of Auckland city.
Considerable rural and semi-rural land to the east of Manukau Central was within the city council district. This extended towards theHunua Ranges close to theFirth of Thames, and took in such communities asClevedon andMaraetai.
Beyond Manukau City to the south isPapakura and theFranklin District, which are less urban, but still part of theAuckland Region, and to some extent regarded as an integral part of Auckland's urban area.
Auckland Airport is located in Māngere, in the west of Manukau, close to the waters of the Manukau Harbour. Manukau City includes the theme parkRainbow's End, and one of the oldest shopping malls in the country, now calledWestfield Manukau City.
In 2009, work started on theManukau Branch passenger railway line from theNorth Island Main Trunk atPuhinui.[10] The branch line opened on 15 April 2012[11] withManukau railway station as the terminus forEastern Line services. TheManukau Institute of Technology university campus building is built over the top of the station, which serves the Manukau city centre. On 7 April 2018, a 23-bay bus station (Manukau bus station) was opened on a lot adjacent to the train station to create a transport hub serving most of the southern Auckland Region.[12]
As of the late 2000s, slightly less than 50% of the city's population identified as European, with 17% as Māori, 27% as Pacific, and 15% as Asian, with the balance made up of other groups.[1]
Prior to being merged into Auckland Council in November 2010, Manukau City was divided into seven wards; each of them consisting of the following populated places (i.e.: suburbs, towns, localities, settlements, communities, hamlets, etc.):
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The Manukau City Council was the elected local authority of the city from 1965 until November 2010 when theAuckland Council was created.
Manukau City had an elected Youth Council which primarily acted as an advisory committee and advocate for youth in the city.
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Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
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