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Mantharta language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Partly extinct dialect cluster of Western Australia

Mantharta
RegionWestern Australia
EthnicityTharrkari,Wariangga,Tenma,Jiwarli, ?Malgaru
Native speakers
2 Dhargari (2005)[1]
1 (2007)[2]
Dialects
Language codes
ISO 639-3Variously:
dhr – Dhargari
wri – Warriyangga
iin – Thiin
dze – Djiwarli
Glottologmant1266
AIATSIS[1]W21 Tharrkari,W22 Warriyangka,W25 Thiin,W28 Jiwarli
Mantharta languages (green) among other Pama–Nyungan (tan).

Mantharta is a partly extinctdialect cluster spoken in the southernPilbara region ofWestern Australia. There were four varieties, which were distinct but largely mutually intelligible. The four were:[3][4]

The namemantharta comes from the word for "man" in all four varieties.

Phonology

[edit]

The following is of the Thargari dialect:[6][7]

Consonants

[edit]
PeripheralLaminalApical
LabialVelarDentalPalatalAlveolarRetroflex
Plosivep/bk/ɡt̪/d̪c/ɟt/dʈ/ɖ
Nasalmŋɲnɳ
Rhoticɾ
Lateralʎlɭ
Approximantwjɻ
  • /d̪/ can also be lenited as a fricative [ð] in intervocalic positions.
  • /ɾ/ can also be heard as a trill [r].

Vowels

[edit]
FrontBack
Closei, iːu, uː
Opena, aː

Language revival

[edit]

As of 2020[update], the Warriyangga dialect is one of 20 languages prioritised as part of the Priority Languages Support Project, being undertaken by First Languages Australia and funded by theDepartment of Communications and the Arts. The project aims to "identify and document critically-endangered languages — those languages for which little or no documentation exists, where no recordings have previously been made, but where there are living speakers".[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abW21 Tharrkari at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database,Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies  (see the info box for additional links)
  2. ^Dhargari atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  3. ^Dixon, R. M. W. (2002).Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge University Press. p. xxxviii.
  4. ^International Conference on Historical Linguistics (15th : 2001 : Melbourne); Bowern, Claire, 1977-; Koch, Harold James; International Conference on Historical Linguistics (15th : 2001 : Melbourne, Australia); Workshop on Reconstruction and Subgrouping in Australian Languages (2001 : Melbourne, Australia) (2004),Australian languages : classification and the comparative method, John Benjamins Pub,ISBN 978-1-58811-512-6{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^"Peter Salmon is the only known speaker of his language — he wants to change that before it's too late".ABC News. 15 January 2021. Retrieved20 January 2023.
  6. ^Klokeid, Terry J (16 August 2018),Thargari phonology and morphology, Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, retrieved10 October 2024
  7. ^Austin, Peter K. (2015).A Reference Grammar of the Mantharta Languages, Western Australia.
  8. ^"Priority Languages Support Project".First Languages Australia. Archived fromthe original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved13 January 2020.
North
Northeast
Wik
Lamalamic
Yalanjic
Southwest
Norman
Thaypan
Southern
Other
Dyirbalic
Maric
Waka–Kabic
Durubalic
Gumbaynggiric
Wiradhuric
Yuin–Kuric
Gippsland
Yugambeh–Bandjalang
Other
Yotayotic
Kulinic
Kulin
Drual
Lower Murray
Thura-Yura
Mirniny
Nyungic
Kartu
Kanyara–Mantharta
Ngayarta
Marrngu
Ngumpin–Yapa
Warumungu
Warluwaric
Kalkatungic
Mayi
Yolŋu
Wati
Arandic
Karnic
Other
Macro-Gunwinyguan
Maningrida
Mangarrayi-Marran
Gunwinyguan
Other
Tangkic
Garrwan
Italics indicateextinct languages
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