Species names are those from the Tanaka system. Recent genomic analysis would place them all inCitrus reticulata,[2] except theC. ryukyuensis hybrids[3]
Sunki,[4] acidic mandarin containing very small amount of pomelointrogression.[2]
Tangerines (Citrus tangerina)[6] is a grouping used for several distinct mandarin hybrids. Those sold in the US as tangerines have usually beenDancy, Sunburst orMurcott (Honey) cultivars. Some tangerine × grapefruit hybrids are legally sold as tangerines in the US.[7][8]
Mediterranean/Willowleaf/Thorny (Citrus × deliciosa), a mandarin with small amounts of pomelo.[9]
Dalanghita (Citrus reticulata) is a smaller mandarin endemic widely cultivated in the Philippines. Also known by other local names,naranghita andsintones.[10]
Huanglingmiao (Citrus reticulata), a mandarin–pomelo hybrid.[2][11]
Kishumikan (Citrus reticulata), or simply Kishu, a close clonal relative of Huanglingmiao, the two sharing a common origin before diverging as they were propagated[2]
Kunenbo (Citrus nobilis) a heterogeneous group that includes at least four distinct mandarin-pomelo hybrids.[12]
King (in full, 'King of Siam',Citrus nobilis) a Kunenbo mandarin with high levels of pomelo admixture, sometimes classed as a tangor.[2][12]
Satsuma (Citrus unshiu), a mandarin × pomelo hybrid with more pomelo than seen in most mandarins. It derived from a cross between a Huanglingmiao/Kishu and a non-King Kunenbo that was itself a pomelo × Huanglingmiao/Kishu cross.[2][12] It is a seedless variety, of which there are over 200cultivars, including Wenzhou migana, Owari, and mikan; the source of most canned mandarins, and popular as a fresh fruit due to its ease of consumption
Owari, a well-known Satsuma cultivar that ripens during the late autumn
ThePonkan (Citrus reticulata), a mandarin–pomelo hybrid[4][9]
TheDancy tangerine (Citrus tangerina) is a hybrid, the cross of a Ponkan with another unidentified hybrid mandarin.[2] Until the 1970s, most tangerines grown and eaten in the US were Dancys, and it was known as "Christmas tangerine"[13] and zipper-skin tangerine[14]
Iyokan (Citrus iyo), a cross between the Dancy tangerine and another Japanese mandarin variety, the kaikoukan.[12]
Shekwasha (Citrus depressa), a group of clonal citrus that arose from multiple independent natural crosses ofC. ryukyuensis with a Sun Chu Sha relative,[3] a very sour mandarin grown for its acidic juice.
Tachibana, also a cluster of similar clones, deriving from natural crosses between different individualC. ryukyuensis and a clonalC. reticulata lineage with both northern and southern subspecies contribution.[3]
Kinnow, also known as Pakistani mandarin is popular variety in Pakistan and Middle East.
Citrus fruits clustered by genetic similarity. Most commercialvarieties of citrus are hybrids of the three species at the corners of theternary diagram (mandarin at top). Genetically distinct hybrids often bear the samecommon name.[15]
Tangelos, a generic term for modern mandarin (tangerine) × pomelo and mandarin ×grapefruit crosses
TheMandelo or 'cocktail grapefruit', a cross between a Dancy/King mixed mandarin and a pomelo.[2] The term is also sometimes used generically, like a tangelo, for recent mandarin × pomelo hybrids.
Thesour orange (Citrus xaurantium) derives from a direct cross between a pure mandarin and a pomelo[11]
Limetta (Citrus limetta), a distinct sour orange × citron hybrid[15]
The commonsweet orange (Citrus xsinensis) derives from a cross between a impure mandarin and pomelo parents[11]
Tangors, orTemple oranges, are crosses between the mandarin orange and the common sweet orange;[11] their thickrind is easy to peel, and its bright orange pulp is sour-sweet and full-flavoured. Some such hybrids are commonly called mandarins or tangerines.
Clementine (Citrus ×clementina), a spontaneous hybrid between a Willowleaf mandarin orange and a sweet orange.[9][16] sometimes known as a "Thanksgiving Orange" or "Christmas orange", as its peak season iswinter; an important commercial mandarin orange form, having displacedmikans in many markets.
Clemenules orNules, a variety of Clementine named for the Valencian town where it was first bred in 1953; it is the most popular variety of Clementine grown in Spain.[17]
^Toni Siebert (30 July 2009)."Nules".Citrus Variety Database. University Of California. Archived fromthe original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved9 June 2011.
