Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1868–1885
Manchester was aParliamentary borough constituency in the county ofLancashire which was represented in theHouse of Commons of theParliament of the United Kingdom . Its territory consisted of the city ofManchester .
Manchester had first been represented in Parliament in 1654, when it was granted one seat in theFirst Protectorate Parliament . However, as with other boroughs enfranchised during theCommonwealth , it was disenfranchised at theRestoration of the monarchy in 1660.
The subsequent growth of Manchester into a major industrial city left its lack of representation a major anomaly, and demands for a seat in Parliament led to a mass public meeting in August 1819. This peaceful rally of 60,000 pro-democracy reformers, men, women and children, was attacked by armed cavalry resulting in 15 deaths and over 600 injuries,[ 1] Peterloo Massacre .
Reform was attempted unsuccessfully byLord John Russell , whose bills in 1828 and 1830 were rejected by the Commons. The city was finally enfranchised by theReform Act 1832 , and at the1832 general election , Manchester returned twoMembers of Parliament (MPs). TheReform Act 1867 increased this in1868 to three Members of Parliament.
Under theRedistribution of Seats Act 1885 , the constituency was abolished with effect from the1885 general election , when the city was split into six new single-member divisions:East ,North ,North East ,North West ,South , andSouth West .
Members of Parliament [ edit ] Elections in the 1880s [ edit ] Caused by Birley's death. Elections in the 1870s [ edit ] Caused by Callender's death. Elections in the 1860s [ edit ] General election 1868 : Manchester (3 seats)[ 17] Party Candidate Votes % ±% Conservative Hugh Birley 15,486 21.6 N/A Liberal Thomas Bazley 14,192 19.8 −12.6 Liberal Jacob Bright 13,154 18.3 −4.5 Conservative Joseph Hoare 12,684 17.7 N/A Liberal Ernest Charles Jones 10,662 14.9 N/A Liberal Mitchell Henry 5,236 7.3 N/A Turnout 28,620 (est) 59.3 (est) +2.6 Registered electors 48,256 Majority 4,824 6.7 N/A Conservative gain fromLiberal Swing Majority 1,508 2.1 −2.5 Liberal hold Swing Liberal win (new seat)
Seat increased to three members. James' death caused a by-election. Bright was an advanced Liberal, and Henry was a Whig liberal.[ 21] Elections in the 1850s [ edit ] Caused by Potter's death. Elections in the 1840s [ edit ] Elections in the 1830s [ edit ] Caused by Poulett-Thomson's resignation after being appointed Governor-General of Canada Caused by Poulett-Thomson's appointment as President of the Board of Trade
^ Ward, David (27 December 2007)."New plaque tells truth of Peterloo killings 188 years on" .The Guardian . London: Guardian News and Media Ltd. Retrieved25 March 2008 . ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "L" (part 1) ^ Craig, F. W. S. (1989) [1977].British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 206.ISBN 978-0-900178-26-9 ^a b c d e f g h Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844–1850].Craig, F. W. S. (ed.).The Parliaments of England 184–185 .ISBN 978-0-900178-13-9 ^a b Churton, Edward (1838).The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: 1838 Google Books .^a b Mosse, Richard Bartholomew (1838).The Parliamentary Guide: a concise history of the Members of both Houses, etc Google Books . ^ "Sherborne Mercury" British Newspaper Archive .^ "Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard" 2– 3 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ Hawkins, Angus (2015)." .Victorian Political Culture: 'Habits of Heart and Mind' .Oxford :Oxford University Press . p. 130.ISBN 9780198728481 ^ "The Milner-Gibsons" .The Milner-Gibsons (1806-1986) . 3 August 2013.^ Jenkins, Terry."Parties, Politics and Society in Mid-Victorian Britain" (PDF) .St Ambrose College . p. 2. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on 12 December 2016. Retrieved7 April 2018 . ^ Hawkins, Angus (Winter 2009–10)."Celebrating 1859: Party, Patriotism and Liberal Values" (PDF) .Journal of Liberal History .65 : 11. ^ Douglas, David C., ed. (2006).English Historical Documents ISBN 978-0-203-19907-7 ^a b Silver, Arthur (1966).Manchester Men & Indian Cotton 1847-72 ^a b Trevelyan, George Macaulay (1913).The Life of John Bright ^ Taylor, Antony (1997). "Parliamentary History .16 (2):185– 204.doi :10.1111/j.1750-0206.1997.tb00225.x . ^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Craig, F. W. S. , ed. (1977).British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. pp. 206– 207.ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3 ^ "Borough of Manchester Election, 1876" Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser British Newspaper Archive .^ "Manchester" Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer British Newspaper Archive .^ "Representation of Manchester - Candidature of Mr Mitchell Henry" Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser Manchester . 26 November 1867. p. 1 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Manchester" Westmorland Gazette .Cumbria . 16 November 1867. p. 5 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Manchester" Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser . 30 April 1859. pp. 6– 7 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Manchester" Wolverhampton Chronicle and Staffordshire Advertiser . 4 May 1859. p. 7 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Stonehaven Journal" British Newspaper Archive .
