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Maní | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Church and Convent of San Miguel in Maní | |
 Location of the municipality of Maní in Yucatán | |
 The state of Yucatán, México (dark) in theYucatán Peninsula | |
  Maní  Maní | |
| Coordinates:20°23′N89°24′W / 20.383°N 89.400°W /20.383; -89.400 | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State |  Yucatán |
| Municipality | Maní Municipality |
| Government | |
| • Municipal President | Santos Román Dzul Beh. 2012–2015 |
| Elevation | 26 m (85 ft) |
| Population (2010[1]) | |
• Total | 4,146[1][note 1] |
| Demonym | Maniense |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central Standard Time) |
| Postal Code | 97850 |
| Area code | 997 |
| Website | www |
Maní is a smallcity inManí Municipality in the central region of the Yucatán Peninsula, in theMexican state of Yucatán. It is about 100 km to the south south-east ofMérida, Yucatán, some 16 km east ofTicul. The village of Tipikal lies 6 km to the east.[2]
The population is around 4000.[1]
Maní's four millennium[2] existence historically involves mostly its earlyMaya period, followed in recent centuries by its Spanishconquistador and religious period. Its Mexican period beginning over a century ago involved conflict.
Maní has been continuously occupied for approximately 4000 years.[2] In the postclassicMesoamerican era it was home to theTutul-XiuMaya[2] dynasty, which moved their capital here fromUxmal in the 13th century. The Xiu were the dominant power in the western Yucatán after the fall ofMayapan in 1441.[3] Maní served as the main religious center in honor of the deityKukulcan (Cukulcan, Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl)[4][5] for the Maya with an annualchic kaban[6] festival until 1341.[7]
With thearrival of the Spanish the Xiu of Maní allied themselves with the Spanish and assisted in the conquest of the rest of the peninsula.[8]
On 12 July 1562,[9] FriarDiego de Landa, who held the office of inquisitor before the Monastery of San Miguel Arcángel, held anauto de fe Inquisitional ceremony in Maní, burning a number ofMaya hieroglyphic books and a reported 5000 idols, saying that they were "works of the devil".[9] The number of books burned is disputed. Landa claimed only burning 27. This act and numerous incidents of torture at the monastery were used to speed the mass adoption of Roman Catholicism throughout the region.
Landa's burning of these sacred books with Mayan writing and the subsequent reaction were described by him as follows:[10]
We found a large number of books in these characters and, as they contained nothing in which were not to be seen as superstition and lies of the devil, we burned them all, which they (the Maya) regretted to an amazing degree, and which caused them much affliction.[10]
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Maní was involved in part of the multi-decade conflict in theGuerra de Castas, theCaste War of the Yucatán. An engraved stone narrates an episode of the event for Maní in 1850.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 2000BC | initial | — |
| 16th century AD | 4,500 | — |
| 2000[1] | 4,664 | +3.6% |
| 2005[1] | 3,915 | −16.1% |
| 2010[1] | 4,146 | +5.9% |
| INEGI: Archivo Histórico de localidades | ||
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