| Main Guard | |
|---|---|
 The Main Guard | |
 Interactive map of Main Guard | |
| Former names | Guardia della Piazza |
| General information | |
| Status | Intact |
| Type | Guardhouse |
| Architectural style | Neoclassical |
| Location | Valletta,Malta |
| Coordinates | 35°53′57.4″N14°30′48.4″E / 35.899278°N 14.513444°E /35.899278; 14.513444 |
| Current tenants | Heritage Malta |
| Completed | 1603 |
| Renovated | 1814 (portico added) |
| Technical details | |
| Material | Limestone |
| Renovating team | |
| Architects | Giorgio Pullicino orGeorge Whitmore (portico, attributed) |
TheMain Guard, originally called theGuardia della Piazza, is a building inValletta,Malta, located inSt George's Square facing theGrandmaster's Palace in the city centre. It was originally built as aguardhouse in 1603 by theOrder of St. John, and it remained in use after the British took over Malta in 1800. ANeoclassical portico was added in 1814, and a British coat of arms and a commemorative inscription were installed later on above the portico. These have become one of the main symbols of British rule in Malta. The building used to house the Office of the Attorney General.
The Main Guard building was built in 1603 to house theRegimento di Guardia, the personal guards of theGrand Master of theOrder of St. John. It was built in the square facing theGrandmaster's Palace.[1] The building's original form without the portico is visible in a painting dating back to theFrench occupation of Malta.[2]
In 1814, aneoclassicalportico was added to the Main Guard by the British,[3] during the governorship of SirThomas Maitland. Early paintings from the first few years of British rule in Malta show the building with the portico, as well as threetrophies on its roof.[4] Some time later, the trophies were removed, and a relief of theBritish coat of arms was added above the portico, with the following Latin inscription below it:[1][5]
magnæ et invictæ britanniae
melitensium amor et europae vox
has insulas confirmat a.d. 1814
(meaningThe love of the Maltese and the voice of Europe assigned these Islands to great and unconquered Britain. A.D. 1814)
The portico was designed in the Greek Revival style, hence neoclassic, and is among the first of this design in the country.[6] The design of the portico is attributed either to the Maltese architectGiorgio Pullicino, or to ColonelGeorge Whitmore of theRoyal Engineers. The sculpted coat of arms was probably the work ofVincenzo Dimech.[7] The portico, coat of arms and inscription are considered to be one of the most iconic symbols of British rule in Malta.[4]
The British continued to use the building to house the guards of theGovernor of Malta, who resided in the Grandmaster's Palace. Life in the Main Guard was quite boring, and many soldiers painted or carved regimental badges or other things on the walls of the building.[8] In 1851, the original coat of arms and inscription had deteriorated to such an extent that they had to be removed and replaced. The new coat of arms was a replica of the original arms ofKing George III, and not that of the then-reigning monarchQueen Victoria.[4]
In 1974, the building was converted into the Libyan Cultural Centre, and the British coat of arms and inscription were covered in a zinc and plywood box bearing an Arabic inscription. The Libyan Cultural Centre moved elsewhere after the change of government in 1987, and the coat of arms was once again uncovered. The Main Guard subsequently became an annex of the Office of the Attorney General until it was eventually transferred to Heritage Malta for restoration.
In 2009, the inscription and coat of arms were restored once again as part of the regeneration of St. George's Square, but this resulted in a number of spelling errors within the inscription.[4] In 2015, there were plans to transfer theValletta Local Council into the Main Guard, but they were never implemented.[9] The building is now under Heritage Malta's wing and is currently undergoing restoration. Once complete, it will serve as an interpretation center for all Heritage Malta sites in the capital city.
The building's façade has a single floor, but the rear part of the building, which is located in Strait Street, has three floors. This is due to a difference between the levels of the streets.[1]
Main guard.
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