Movatterモバイル変換

Maha Thammaracha III (Thai:มหาธรรมราชาที่ ๓,pronounced[mā.hǎːtʰām.mā.rāː.t͡ɕʰāːtʰîːsǎːm]), born asSai Luthai (Thai:ไสลือไทย,pronounced[sǎjlɯ̄ːtʰāj]) (c. 1380-1419), was a king of theSukhothai Kingdom.^[1]^[2] He was the son of Maha Thammaracha II and great-great grandson ofKing Ram Khamhaeng the Great.

Early life and family

[edit]

Much of the information of Maha Thammaracha III comes from stone inscriptions written by his mother in his name. His mother, who called herself "Saṃtec Braḥ Rājadebī Srī Cuḷālakṣana Arrgarājamahesī Debadhòranī Tilakaratana" (Asokārāma stone inscription) or "Saṃtec Braḥ Rājajananī Srī Dharmarājamātā Mahātilakaraṭana Rājanārtha"(stone inscription 46), was the daughter ofKing Li Thai (Maha Thammaracha I) and married to her brother, Maha Thammaracha II.Sai Luthai had a full brother, a prince named Asoka, of whom no information is known.^[3]

Reign

[edit]

Stone inscription No. 46 describes that the Queen Mother, together with her son "Satṃtec Mahādharrmarājādhipati Śrī Surīyavaṅsa" (Sai Luthai), recaptured Phra Bang (present-dayNakhon Sawan) andPhrae with her army in 762 C.S. (1400 A.D.) and then "enjoyed dominion over the entire land ofSri Satchanalai and Sukhothai".^[4] The reconquest of Phra Bang interrupted the transport of goods fromAyutthaya in a north-south direction.

After the death of KingSaen Mueang Ma [de] in the northern neighboring kingdom ofLan Na in 1401, Sai Luthai intervened in its succession dispute on the side of the King's eldest son, Thao Yi Kum Kam. He and his army marched into Lan Na. However, after seeing a badomen, he withdrew, took Yi Kum Kam with him, and left him one of his provinces (possiblyKamphaeng Phet) as anappanage. Lan Na was ruled by Yi Kum Kam's younger brotherSam Fang Kaen [de].^[5]

When KingIntharacha ascended the throne ofAyutthaya in 1409, one of his first actions was to reconquer Sukhothai as a vassal state. The exact date is unknown, but stone inscription 49 was written in 1412 by a Nai Inthara Sorasak, who was probably the resident of the king of Ayutthaya, sent to Sukhothai by King Inthara to secure Ayutthaya's interests against his vassal.^[6]

After his passing in 1419, his throne was passed onto his son,Maha Thammaracha IV.

Ancestry

[edit]

Ancestors of Maha Thammaracha III

King Si Inthrathi of Sukhothai

King Ram Khamhaeng of Sukhothai

Sueang

8.King Loe Thai of Sukhothai

4.King Maha Thammaracha I of Sukhothai

2.King Maha Thammaracha II of Sukhothai

5. Si Thammaratchamada

1.King Maha Thammaracha III of Sukhothai

King Si Inthrathi of Sukhothai

King Ram Khamhaeng of Sukhothai

Sueang

12.King Loe Thai of Sukhothai

6.King Maha Thammaracha I of Sukhothai

3. Saṃtec Braḥ Rājadebī Srī

7. Si Thammaratchamada

References

[edit]

^Wilson, Constance M. (1983).Thailand: A Handbook of Historical Statistics. G.K. Hall. p. 339.ISBN 978-0-8161-8115-5.
^Embree, Ainslie Thomas (1988).Encyclopedia of Asian History. Scribner. p. 362.ISBN 978-0-684-18899-7.
^Griswold, A.B.; Nagara, Prasert na (1961).The Asokārāma Inscription of 1399 A.D. p. 36.
^Griswold, A.B.; Nagara, Prasert na (1961).A Declaration of Independence and its Consequences(PDF). pp. 226–228.
^Griswold, A.B.; Nagara, Prasert na (1961).A Declaration of Independence and its Consequences(PDF). p. 229.
^Griswold, A.B. (1967).Towards a History Of Sukhodaya Art. p. 51.ASIN B00HKHDQMA.

Regnal titles
Maha Thammaracha III Phra Ruang Dynasty Born: ? Died: 1419
Preceded by Maha Thammaracha II	King of Sukhothai 1400–1419	Succeeded by Maha Thammaracha IV

v t e Rulers ofSukhothai
Phra Ruang dynasty	Si Inthrathit Ban Mueang Ram Khamhaeng Loe Thai Ngua Nam Thum Maha Thammaracha I (Li Thai) Maha Thammaracha II (Lue Thai) Maha Thammaracha III (Sai Lue Thai) Maha Thammaracha IV (Borommapan)
Monarchy of Thailand •List of Thai monarchs

Monarchs of Thailand

Ngoenyang/Lan Na
(638–1775)

Lao dynasty	Lawachangkarat [th] Chueang Mangrai
Mangrai dynasty	Mangrai Chaiyasongkhram [th] Saenphu Khamfu [th] Phayu [th] Kue Na Saenmueangma [th] Samfangkaen [th] Tilokkarat Yotchiangrai Mueangkaeo [th] Mueangketklao [th] Saikham [th] Chiraprapha Chaiyachettha Mekuti Wisutthithewi
Chet Ton dynasty	Kawila Thammalangka Khamfan Phutthawong Mahotaraprathet Kawilorot Suriyawong Inthawichayanon Intavaroros Suriyavongse Kaew Nawarat

Singhanavati Kingdom
(757–1188)

Singhanavati dynasty	Phangkharat [th] Thukkhita [th] Phrom Chaiyasiri

Sukhothai Kingdom
(1238–1438)

Phra Ruang dynasty	Si Inthrathit Ban Mueang Ram Khamhaeng Loe Thai Ngua Nam Thum Maha Thammaracha I (Li Thai) Maha Thammaracha II (Lue Thai) Maha Thammaracha III (Sai Lue Thai) Maha Thammaracha IV (Borommapan)

Ayutthaya Kingdom
(1351–1767)

Uthong dynasty	Ramathibodi I (Uthong) Ramesuan Ramrachathirat
Suphannaphum dynasty	Borommarachathirat I (Pha Ngua) Thong Lan Intharachathirat (Nakhon In) Borommarachathirat II (Sam Phraya) Borommatrailokkanat (Ramesuan II) Borommarachathirat III (Borommaracha) Ramathibodi II (Chetthathirat) Borommarachathirat IV (Athittayawong) Ratsadathirat Chairachathirat Yotfa Worawongsathirat (Bunsi)(disputed) Maha Chakkraphat (Thianracha) Mahinthrathirat
Sukhothai dynasty	Sanphet I (Maha Thammarachathirat) Sanphet II (Naresuan) Sanphet III (Ekathotsarot) Sanphet IV (Si Saowaphak) Borommaracha I (Songtham) Borommaracha II (Chetthathirat) Athittayawong
Prasat Thong dynasty	Sanphet V (Prasat Thong) Sanphet VI (Chai) Sanphet VII (Si Suthammaracha) Ramathibodi III (Narai)
Ban Phlu Luang dynasty	Phetracha (Mahaburut) Sanphet VIII (Suriyenthrathibodi) Sanphet IX (Thai Sa) Maha Thammarachathirat II (Borommakot) Maha Thammarachathirat III (Uthumphon) Borommaracha III (Ekkathat)

Thonburi Kingdom
(1767–1782)

Thonburi dynasty	Borommaracha IV (Taksin)

Rattanakosin/Thailand
(1782–present)

Chakri dynasty	Rama I (Phutthayotfa Chulalok) Rama II (Phutthaloetla Naphalai) Rama III (Nangklao) Rama IV (Mongkut) Rama V (Chulalongkorn) Rama VI (Vajiravudh) Rama VII (Prajadhipok) Rama VIII (Ananda Mahidol) Rama IX (Bhumibol Aduyadej) Rama X (Vajiralongkorn)