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Madhubani district | |
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| Coordinates (Madhubani, India):26°24′N86°15′E / 26.400°N 86.250°E /26.400; 86.250 | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Bihar |
| Region | Mithila |
| Division | Darbhanga |
| Headquarters | Madhubani |
| Government | |
| • District Magistrate & Collector | Arvind Kumar Verma IAS |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Madhubani,Jhanjharpur |
| • Vidhan Sabha constituencies | Harlakhi,Benipatti,Khajauli,Babubarhi,Bisfi,Madhubani,Rajnagar,Jhanjharpur,Phulparas,Laukaha |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,501 km2 (1,352 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 4,487,379 |
| • Density | 1,282/km2 (3,320/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Maithili |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 60.9 per cent |
| • Sex ratio | 925 |
| Languages | |
| • Official language | Hindi |
| • Regional language | Maithili |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Major highways | NH 27,NH 227,NH 227J,NH 227L,NH 527A,NH 527B |
| Average annual precipitation | 1,273 mm |
| Website | madhubani |
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eightdistricts ofBihar,India, and is a part ofDarbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located inMadhubani. The district has an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi) and has apopulation of 4,487,379 (as of 2011).
Madhubani is the largest fish-producing district of Bihar in 2022.[1]
Madhubani became a district in 1972 when it was split fromDarbhanga district.[2] It is believed thatBaliraajgadh, an archaeological site which lies in modern-day Madhubani district was the capital of the ancientMithila Kingdom.[3] In 2019 a meteorite fell at a farm in Mahadeva village in the district, and was later named asMahadeva Meteorite.[4]
Madhubani district occupies an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi),[5] comparatively equivalent to theBahamas'North Andros island.[6] It occupies the Terai region.
| District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance | Remarks | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madhubani | 31 | Harlakhi | Sudhanshu Shekhar | JD(U) | NDA | |||
| 32 | Benipatti | Vinod Narayan Jha | BJP | |||||
| 33 | Khajauli | Arun Shankar Prasad | Minister | |||||
| 34 | Babubarhi | Mina Kumari | JD(U) | |||||
| 35 | Bisfi | Asif Ahmad | RJD | MGB | ||||
| 36 | Madhubani | Madhav Anand | RLM | NDA | ||||
| 37 | Rajnagar (SC) | Sujit Kumar | BJP | |||||
| 38 | Jhanjharpur | Nitish Mishra | ||||||
| 39 | Phulparas | Sheela Kumari Mandal | JD(U) | |||||
| 40 | Laukaha | Satish Kumar Sah | ||||||
In 2006 theMinistry of Panchayati Raj named Madhubani one of the country's 250most backward districts (out of a total of640).[7] It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme. But in last few years there a lot of changes happened.This city is going to adopt urbanisation.[7]
Saurath, a road side village on Madhubani-Jainagar road, contains a temple known as Somnath Mahadev. It owes its importance to the annual Sabha held byMaithili Brahmins for negotiating marriages. Many Panjikars who keep the genealogical records of the different families reside here and outside.[8] The festival ofDurga Puja takes place in the villageGandhwari.
Laukaha is a Town in the district of Madhubani in theIndian state ofBihar. It is close to the border of Nepalese town ofThadi. Laukaha in India andThadi in Nepal are a part of one of the agreed route for Mutual Trade betweenIndia andNepal.[9]Nepal Government ofNepal has set up a dedicated customs office in the town.[10] and Government ofIndia has set up a Land Customs Station with a Superintendent level officer.[11] So in simple Import and Export are allowed in this location.
There were severalAshramas of the prominentVedic sages in the region of the Madhubani district during the ancient times. Some of them areYajnavalkya Ashram atJagban,Kapil Ashram atKapileshwar Sthan,Vishwamitra Ashram atBisaul andShringi Rishi Ashram at Singiya.[12] Similarly there are several locations in the district which are associated either withRamayana or withMahabharata.Girija Devi Mandir atPhulhar is the place where it is believed thatLord Rama andGoddess Sita met each other first time in their lives.[13]Gandiveshwar Sthan is believed to be the place whereArjuna in Mahabharata hid his famousGandiva bow during the exile period of thePandavas.[14]Baneshwar Sthan at Barri village is believed to be the place where Arjuna established aShivalinga known asBaneshwar Nath Mahadev.[15] SimilarlyKalyaneshwar Mahadev Mandir at Kalna is associated with Ramayana. It is believed that the Shivalinga of the temple was established by theKing Janaka in Mithila.[16]
In the mediaeval periods, some villages of the district were known for the study ofSanskrit literature,Indian Philosophy speciallyNyaya Shastra andVaisheshika Sutra. There are still some remains of the academies established by the prominent philosophers and scholars of the mediaeval periods at different villages in the district. They areKalidas Dih,Vachaspati Mishra Dih,Ayachi Mishra Dih, Kumarila Bhatta Dih,Bisfi Vidyapati Dih[17] andMusaharniya Dih,[18] etc.[19][20][21][22]
Madhubani art or Mithila painting[23] was traditionally created by the women of various communities inMithila region of India andNepal. It originated from Madhubani district of Mithila region ofBihar, and, it is popularly called Mithila painting or Madhubani art. Madhubani is also a major export centre of these paintings.[24] This painting as a form of wall art was practiced widely throughout the region; the more recent development of painting on paper and canvas mainly originated among the villages around Madhubani, and it is these latter developments led to the name Madhubani art being used alongside the name "Mithila Painting."[25]
Madhubani District consists of five subdivisions. Each subdivision is headed by a subdivisional magistrate, who is responsible for law and order, development, and revenue related work in their respective subdivisions.[26]
There are 21 blocks and circles in the district and each block is headed by a block development officer and each circle is headed by a circle officer.[27]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 1,052,146 | — |
| 1911 | 1,058,313 | +0.06% |
| 1921 | 1,052,477 | −0.06% |
| 1931 | 1,143,713 | +0.83% |
| 1941 | 1,248,825 | +0.88% |
| 1951 | 1,361,699 | +0.87% |
| 1961 | 1,601,048 | +1.63% |
| 1971 | 1,892,039 | +1.68% |
| 1981 | 2,325,844 | +2.09% |
| 1991 | 2,832,024 | +1.99% |
| 2001 | 3,575,281 | +2.36% |
| 2011 | 4,487,379 | +2.30% |
| source:[28] | ||
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 81.39% | |||
| Islam | 18.25% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.10% | |||
According to the2011 Indian census, Madhubani district has a population of 4,487,379,[30] This gives it a ranking of 37th in India (out of a total of640).[30] The district has a population density of 1,282 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,320/sq mi).[30] Itspopulation growth rate from 2001 to 2011 was 25.51%.[30] Madhubani has asex ratio of 926females for every 1000 males,[30] and aliteracy rate of 58.62%. 3.60% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 13.08% and 0.09% of the population respectively.[30]
At the time of the2011 Census of India, 84.07% of the population in the district spokeMaithili, 12.86%Urdu and 2.92%Hindi as their first language.[31]
{{cite book}}:|last1= has generic name (help)North Andros Island 3,439km2
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