| MacMillan Provincial Park | |
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 LargeDouglas fir at Cathedral Grove | |
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 Interactive map of MacMillan Provincial Park | |
| Location | Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada |
| Nearest city | Port Alberni |
| Coordinates | 49°17′24″N124°39′41″W / 49.29000°N 124.66139°W /49.29000; -124.66139 |
| Designation | Provincial Park |
| Created | 1947 |
| Visitors | 543,735[2] (in 2017-18) |
| Governing body | BC Parks |
| Website | bcparks |
MacMillan Provincial Park is a 301-hectare (740-acre)provincial park inBritish Columbia, Canada. Located 25 km (16 mi) west ofQualicum Beach and 16 km (9.9 mi) east ofPort Alberni, the park straddlesHighway 4 and theIsland Rail Corridor in centralVancouver Island. It is nestled on the western shore ofCameron Lake, and protects the delta of theCameron River.[3] The park is home to a famous, 157-hectare (390-acre) stand of ancientDouglas fir, known asCathedral Grove, which draws visitors from all over the world. The park provides the only highway-accessible protectedold-growth Douglas-fir forest in British Columbia. In 2007 Cathedral Grove made the short list onCBC's competitionSeven Wonders of Canada.[4]
The forests in the park are transitional between the drierCoastal Douglas-fir Biogeoclimatic Zone (CDF), which characterizes the east coast of Vancouver Island, and the wetterCoastal Western Hemlock Biogeoclimatic Zone (CWH), found along the island's west coast.[3] Some of the trees are more than 800 years old and 9 metres (30 ft) incircumference. The flora of the park is typical of the region, and includes stands of old-growth tree species includingwestern redcedar andbigleaf maple (found south of the highway),western hemlock, andgrand fir. Theunderstory (term for the area of the forest that grows in the shade the forest canopy) includes redhuckleberry,salal, anddevil's club. The park is home to several species of birds, includingowls andwoodpeckers; as well as such mammals asdeer,black bear,elk andcougar. The Cameron River and Cameron Lake are stocked with rainbow, brown, and cutthroattrout.
Indigenous peoples are believed to have used the area for ceremonial purposes prior to the arrival of European settlers in the mid-19th century. Evidence of "culturally modified trees", western redcedar trees which have had their bark stripped off, have been found and dated as far back as AD 1137.[5]
The name "Cathedral Grove" is reputed to have originated from theGovernor General of Canada, theViscount Willingdon, in 1928, and appeared in correspondence to the provincial government in the 1920s. Cathedral Grove was a well-known tourist stop in the 1920s and 1930s, long before its protection. Over the following quarter century the public pressured and petitioned the provincial government to acquire the lands known as Cathedral Grove, and for the property and timber owners to donate the land.H.R. MacMillan, who had served as first chief forester of British Columbia and became a well-known forester and logging industrialist as head of the H.R. MacMillan Export Company (laterMacMillan Bloedel), after years of refusing to consider the public demands, in 1944 donated the 136 hectares of his company's timber holdings "for the perpetual enjoyment of the public in recognition of the unique stand of trees."[3][6] In 1947 the area was established as a Class A provincial park.
Logging of the remainder of the valley upstream of the park throughout the late 20th century resulted in significant damage to the forest adjacent to the Cameron River. Extreme runoff from a 1990 tropical storm resulted in extensive flooding and streambank erosion, and 6 hectares of tree blowdown. In 1997 high winds caused extensive damage to the grove and surrounding forest.[7] In the 1990s BC Parks initiated a trail rehabilitation program to prevent further damage from park visitation. The grove suffered more storm damage in December 2018 and November 2024.[8][9]
Visitor parking has traditionally been along both sides of the narrow highway just west of the Cameron River bridge, a condition that by the 1990s was judged to be dangerous for tour buses, cars, and loaded logging trucks.[6]
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| National | |
