Ma Buqing | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Reclamation CommissionerQinghai Province | |
| In office 1942–1943 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1901 |
| Died | 9 February 1977(1977-02-09) (aged 75–76) Taipei, Taiwan |
| Nationality | Hui |
| Party | Kuomintang |
| Children | Ma Xuyuan,Ma Weiguo |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  China |
| Years of service | 1928–1949 |
| Rank | general |
| Commands | Reclamation Commissioner Qinghai Province, Deputy Commander in Chief 40th Army Group |
| Battles/wars | Long March,Second Sino-Japanese War,Chinese Civil War |
Ma Buqing (1901–1977) (simplified Chinese:马步青;traditional Chinese:馬步青;pinyin:Mǎ Bùqīng;Wade–Giles:Ma Pu-ch’ing,Xiao'erjing:مَا بُٿِئٍ) was a prominentMa cliquewarlord in China during theRepublic of China era, controlling armies in the province ofQinghai.
Ma Buqing and his younger brotherMa Bufang (1903–1975) were born in Monigou Township (漠泥沟乡)[1] in what is todayLinxia County, some 35 kilometres (22 mi) west ofLinxia City. Their fatherMa Qi formed theNinghai Army in Qinghai in 1915, and received civilian and military posts from theBeiyang Government in Beijing in that same year confirming his military and civilian authority in Qinghai.
Ma Buqing received a Confucian Classical Chinese education, while his brotherMa Bufang received education in Islam to become an Imam.[2]
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Ma Buqing sided withFeng Yuxiang'sGuominjun until theCentral Plains War, when he switched to the winning side ofChiang Kai-shek. Ma Qi died in 1931 and his power was assumed by his brotherMa Lin, who was appointed governor of Qinghai.
Ma Buqing watchedChinese Opera, and met the later American ProfessorJohn DeFrancis during an opera performance.[3]
His troops defeated theCCP during theLong March in 1936.[4][5]
Ma Buqing and Ma Bufang discussed battle plans against the Japanese over the telephone with Chiang Kai-shek. Ma Buqing's Hexi 5th Army entered the war against the Japanese. In 1940 at theBattle of Wuyuan, Ma Buqing led the 5th Cavalry Corps against the Japanese. The Japanese were defeated by the Chinese Muslim cavalry andWuyuan was retaken from the Japanese.
Ma Buqing was in virtual control of theGansu corridor at this time.[6][7]
In 1942 GeneralissimoChiang Kai-shek, head of the Chinese government personally went on tour in Northwestern China in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, and Qinghai, where he met both Ma Buqing and Ma Bufang. Ma Buqing's troops were involved in road construction, for the movement of war supplies to Chinese forces fighting against Japan, having built a route to theSoviet Union and was planning another route viaTibet.[8]
In July 1942 Chiang Kai-shek instructed Ma Buqing to move 30,000 of his troops to the Tsaidam marsh in theQaidam Basin ofQinghai.[9][10] Chiang named Ma Reclamation Commissioner, to threatenSheng Shicai's southern flank inXinjiang, which bordered Tsaidam. Liangzhou District inWuwei was previously his headquarters in Gansu, where he controlled 15 million Muslims.[11]
In 1949, Ma Buqing evacuated with his family toTaiwan along with theKuomintangRepublic of China government becoming advisor to the Ministry of Defense.[12] His brother, Ma Bufang, fled to Egypt. Ma Buqing died on 9 February 1977, inTaipei.
A daughter of Ma Buqing married Ma Buqing's nephewMa Chengxiang who was born in 1914. Ma Chengxiang commanded the 5th cavalry army and joined Ma Buqing on Taiwan.
Ma Buqing's eldest son was Ma Xuyuan (Chinese:馬緒援;Wade–Giles:Ma Hsü-yüan), and his other son was Ma Weiguo (Chinese:馬衛國;Wade–Giles:Ma Wei-kuo).[13]
ma buqing prisoners temple concubines officers.
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