| MPEG Program Stream | |
|---|---|
| Filename extension | .mpg, .mpeg, .m2p, .ps |
| Internet media type | |
| Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | public.mpeg[2][3] |
| Developed by | MPEG |
| Initial release | August 1993; 32 years ago (1993-08)[4] |
| Latest release | ISO/IEC 13818-1:2019 June 2019; 6 years ago (2019-06) |
| Type of format | Container format |
| Container for | Audio, video, data |
| Extended to | VOB,EVO,MOD |
| Standard | ISO/IEC 11172-1,[4] ISO/IEC 13818-1,[5] ITU-T H.222.0[6][7] |
| Open format? | Yes |
| Free format? | Yes[8] |
Program stream (PS orMPEG-PS) is acontainer format formultiplexingdigital audio,video and more. The PS format is specified inMPEG-1 Part 1 (ISO/IEC 11172-1) andMPEG-2 Part 1, Systems (ISO/IEC standard 13818-1[9]/ITU-T H.222.0[6][7]). The MPEG-2 Program Stream is analogous and similar to ISO/IEC 11172 Systems layer and it is forward compatible.[10][11]
Program streams are used onDVD-Video discs andHD DVD video discs, but with some restrictions and extensions.[12][13] The filename extensions areVOB andEVO respectively.
Program streams are created by combining one or morepacketized elementary streams (PES), which have a common time base, into a single stream. It is designed for reasonably reliable media such as disks, in contrast toMPEG transport stream which is for data transmission in which loss of data is likely. Program streams have variable size records and minimal use ofstart codes which would make over the air reception difficult, but has less overhead. Program stream coding layer allows only oneprogram of one or more elementary streams to be packaged into a single stream, in contrast to transport stream, which allows multiple programs.[10]
MPEG-2 Program stream can contain MPEG-1 Part 2 video,MPEG-2 Part 2 video, MPEG-1 Part 3 audio (MP3,MP2,MP1) or MPEG-2 Part 3 audio.[10] It can also containMPEG-4 Part 2 video, MPEG-2 Part 7 audio (AAC) or MPEG-4 Part 3 (AAC) audio,[10] but they are rarely used.[citation needed] The MPEG-2 Program stream has provisions for non-standard data (e.g.AC-3 audio or subtitles) in the form of so-called private streams.[14] International Organization for Standardization authorizedSMPTE Registration Authority, LLC as the registration authority for MPEG-2 format identifiers. It publishes a list of compression formats which can be encapsulated in MPEG-2 transport stream and program stream.[15]
| Name | Number ofbits | Description |
|---|---|---|
| sync bytes | 32 | 0x000001BA |
| marker bits | 2 | 01b for MPEG-2 version. The marker bits for the MPEG-1 version are 4 bits with value 0010b. |
| System clock [32..30] | 3 | System Clock Reference (SCR) bits 32 to 30 |
| marker bit | 1 | 1 Bit always set. |
| System clock [29..15] | 15 | System clock bits 29 to 15 |
| marker bit | 1 | 1 Bit always set. |
| System clock [14..0] | 15 | System clock bits 14 to 0 |
| marker bit | 1 | 1 Bit always set. |
| SCR extension | 9 | |
| marker bit | 1 | 1 Bit always set. |
| bit rate | 22 | In units of 50 bytes per second. |
| marker bits | 2 | 11 Bits always set. |
| reserved | 5 | reserved for future use |
| stuffing length | 3 | |
| stuffing bytes | 8*stuffing length | |
| system header (optional) | 0 or more | if system header start code follows: 0x000001BB |
| Name | Number ofbytes | Description |
|---|---|---|
| sync bytes | 4 | 0x000001BB |
| header length | 2 | |
| rate bound and marker bits | 3 | |
| audio bound and flags | 1 | |
| flags, marker bit, and video bound | 1 | |
| Packet rate restriction and reserved byte | 1 |
Licenses pertain to tools and not to streams or files per se.