| MATH-MATIC | |
|---|---|
| Paradigm | imperative |
| Designed by | Remington Rand |
| First appeared | 1957 (1957) |
| Platform | UNIVAC I,UNIVAC II |
| Influenced by | |
| FLOW-MATIC | |
| Influenced | |
| UNICODE (programming language) | |
MATH-MATIC is the marketing name for theAT-3 (Algebraic Translator 3)compiler, an earlyprogramming language for theUNIVAC I andUNIVAC II.
MATH-MATIC was written beginning around 1955 by a team led byCharles Katz under the direction ofGrace Hopper. A preliminary manual[1] was produced in 1957 and a final manual[2] the following year.
Syntactically, MATH-MATIC was similar to Univac's contemporaneous business-oriented language,FLOW-MATIC, differing in providing algebraic-style expressions and floating-point arithmetic, and arrays rather than record structures.
Expressions in MATH-MATIC could contain numeric exponents, including decimals and fractions, by way of a custom typewriter.[3]
MATH-MATIC programs could includeinline assembler sections ofARITH-MATIC code andUNIVAC machine code.[4]
TheUNIVAC I had only 1000 words of memory, and the successorUNIVAC II as little as 2000. MATH-MATIC allowed for larger programs, automatically generating code to readoverlay segments fromUNISERVO tape as required. The compiler attempted to avoid splitting loops across segments.[5]
In proposing the collaboration with theACM that led toALGOL 58, theGesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik wrote that it considered MATH-MATIC the closest available language to its own proposal.[6]
In contrast toBackus'FORTRAN, MATH-MATIC did not emphasise execution speed of compiled programs. The UNIVAC machines did not havefloating-point hardware, and MATH-MATIC was translated via A-3 (ARITH-MATIC) pseudo-assembler code rather than directly to UNIVAC machine code, limiting its usefulness.[7]
A sample MATH-MATIC program:[8]
(2) TYPE-IN ALPHA . (2A) READ A B C SERVO 4 STORAGE A IF SENTINEL JUMP TO SENTENCE 8 . (3) READ D F SERVO 5 . (4) VARY Y 1 (0.1) 3 SENTENCE 5 THRU 6 . (5) X1 = (7*103*Y*A*SIN ALPHA)3 / (B POW D+C POW E) . (6) WRITE AND EDIT A Y D E X1 SERVO 6 . (7) JUMP TO SENTENCE 2A . (8) CLOSE-INPUT AND REWIND SENTENCE 3 . (9) CLOSE-OUTPUT SENTENCE 6 . (10) READ F G H N SERVO 4 STORAGE A IF SENTINEL JUMP TO SENTENCE 20 . (11) EXECUTE SENTENCE 3 . (12) X2 = (3 ROOT (E-G)+LOG (D+N)) / (F2.6*EXP H) . (13) WRITE EDIT F D F X2 SERVO 6 . (16) JUMP TO SENTENCE 10 . (20) STOP .