| Lycian | |
|---|---|
| Script type | Alphabet |
Period | c.500 –c.200 BC |
| Direction | Left-to-right |
| Languages | Lycian language |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Phoenician
|
Sister systems | Carian,Lydian,Phrygian |
| ISO 15924 | |
| ISO 15924 | Lyci(202), Lycian |
| Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Lycian |
| U+10280–U+1029F | |
| This article containsphonetic transcriptions in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. | |

TheLycian alphabet was used to write theLycian language of theAsia Minor region ofLycia. It was an extension of the Greek alphabet, with half a dozen additional letters for sounds not found in Greek. It was largely similar to theLydian and thePhrygian alphabets.
The Lycian alphabet[1][2] contains letters for 29 sounds. Some sounds are represented by more than one symbol, which is considered one "letter". There are six vowel letters, one for each of the four oral vowels of Lycian, and separate letters for two of the four nasal vowels. Nine of the Lycian letters do not appear to derive from the Greek alphabet.
| Lycian letter | Transliteration | IPA | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 𐊀 | a | [a] | |
| 𐊂 | b | [β] | |
| 𐊄 | g | [ɣ] | |
| 𐊅 | d | [ð] | |
| 𐊆 | i | [i],[ĩ] | |
| 𐊇 | w | [w] | |
| 𐊈 | z | [t͡s] | |
| 𐊛 | h | [h] | |
| 𐊉 | θ | [θ] | |
| 𐊊 | j or y | [j] | |
| 𐊋 | k | [kʲ] | [ɡʲ] after nasals |
| 𐊍 | l | [l] and[l̩]~[əl] | |
| 𐊎 | m | [m] | |
| 𐊏 | n | [n] | |
| 𐊒 | u | [u],[ũ] | |
| 𐊓 | p | [p] | [b] after nasals |
| 𐊔 | κ or c | [k]?[kʲ]?[h(e)] | |
| 𐊕 | r | [r] and[r̩]~[ər] | |
| 𐊖 | s | [s] | |
| 𐊗 | t | [t] | [d] after nasals.ñt is[d] as in𐊑𐊗𐊁𐊎𐊒𐊜𐊍𐊆𐊅𐊀 /Ñtemuχlida for GreekΔημοκλείδης /Dēmokleídēs.[3] |
| 𐊁 | e | [e] | |
| 𐊙 | ã | [ã] | 𐊍𐊒𐊖𐊙𐊗𐊕𐊀 /Lusãtra for GreekΛύσανδρος /Lúsandros.[4] |
| 𐊚 | ẽ | [ẽ] | |
| 𐊐 | m̃ | [m̩],[əm],[m.] | originally perhaps syllabic[m], later coda[m] |
| 𐊑 | ñ | [n̩],[ən],[n.] | originally perhaps syllabic[n], later coda[n] |
| 𐊘 | τ | [tʷ]?[t͡ʃ]? | |
| 𐊌 | q | [k] | [ɡ] after nasals |
| 𐊃 | β | [k]?[kʷ]? | voiced after nasals |
| 𐊜 | χ | [q] | [ɢ] after nasals |
Lycian uses the following number symbols: I (vertical stroke) = 1, < ("less than" sign) (or, rarely,L or C or V or Y) = 5, O (circle) = 10; a horizontal stroke — is one half;[5] a symbol somewhat like our letter H may mean 100.[6]
The number 128½ would therefore be expressed as HOO<III—.
The Lycian alphabet was added to theUnicode Standard in April, 2008 with the release of version 5.1.It is encoded in Plane 1 (Supplementary Multilingual Plane).
The Unicode block for Lycian is U+10280–U+1029F:
| Lycian[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+1028x | 𐊀 | 𐊁 | 𐊂 | 𐊃 | 𐊄 | 𐊅 | 𐊆 | 𐊇 | 𐊈 | 𐊉 | 𐊊 | 𐊋 | 𐊌 | 𐊍 | 𐊎 | 𐊏 |
| U+1029x | 𐊐 | 𐊑 | 𐊒 | 𐊓 | 𐊔 | 𐊕 | 𐊖 | 𐊗 | 𐊘 | 𐊙 | 𐊚 | 𐊛 | 𐊜 | |||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||