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| Province of Lycia and Pamphylia | |
|---|---|
| Province of theRoman Empire | |
| 74–325 | |
.svg) | |
| Capital | Attalia (modern-dayAntalya,Turkey) |
| Historical era | Antiquity |
• Established | 74 |
• Disestablished | 325 |
| Today part of | Turkey |
Lycia and Pamphylia (Latin:Lycia et Pamphylia;Koine Greek:Λυκία καὶ Παμφυλία,romanized: Lykía kaì Pamphylía) was the name of aprovince of theRoman Empire, located in southernAnatolia. It was created by the emperorVespasian (r. 69–79), who mergedLycia andPamphylia into a single administrative unit.[1][2] In 43 AD, the emperorClaudius had annexed Lycia.[3][4] Pamphylia had been a part of the province ofGalatia.
The borders drawn by Vespasian ran west of the River Indus (which flowed from its upper valley in Caria) from the Pisidian plateau up to Lake Ascanius (Burdur Gölü), to the south ofApamea. In the north and east it formed a line which followed the shores of the lakes Limna (Hoyran Gölü) and Caralis (Beyşehir Gölü), turned south towards the Gulf of Adalla (mare Pamphylium) and followed theTaurus Mountains (Toros Dağları) for some ten miles towards east up toIsauria. It then followedCilicia Trachea to reach the sea to the west of Iotape. The borders were drawn taking into account geographical and economic factors. The whole of the basins of the riversXanthus,Cestrus (Ak Su) andEurymedon (Köprü Irmak) were included. The main cities were at the mouth of the latter two rivers. InPisidia and in Pamphylia they were in part followed by the few roads into the interior of Anatolia. The most important one was the road from Attalea (Antalya) to Apamea. In Lycia the road fromPatara towardsLaodicea on the Lycus followed the coast. Important cities wereSide, Ptolemais,Gagae andMyra on the coast,Seleucia, inland andCremna, Colbhasa andComama, on the Pisidian Plateau, where Augustus had founded Roman colonies (settlements). On theMilyas plateau there wereOenoanda,Tlos,Nisa,Podalia,Termessus, andTrebenna. Other important cities in Lycia includePednelissus,Ariassus, andSagalassus; along the Eurymedon,Aspendus andPerge, which had a sanctuary of Artemis. The most important city in the region was Patara, at the mouth of the Xanthus.
Under the administrative reforms of emperorDiocletian (reigned AD 284–305), who doubled the number of Roman provinces by reducing their size, Lycia et Pamphylia was split into two separate provinces. The provinces were grouped into twelvedioceses which were under the fourPraetorian prefectures of the empire. Lycia and Pamphylia were under ofDiocese of Asia (Dioecesis Asiana), of thePraetorian Prefecture of Oriens (the East).
(List based on Rémy Bernard,Les carrières sénatoriales dans les provinces romaines d'Anatolie au Haut-Empire (31 av. J.-C. - 284 ap. J.-C.) (Istanbul: Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 1989), pp. 279-329)
36°15′37″N29°18′51″E / 36.2603°N 29.3142°E /36.2603; 29.3142
