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| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Other names Lutetium bisphthalocyanine Lutetium biphthalocyanine | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) | |||
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| Properties | |||
| LuC64H32N16 | |||
| Molar mass | 1200.04 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | green solid; red when oxidized; blue when reduced | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
Lutetium phthalocyanine (LuPc2) is acoordination compound derived from lutetium and twophthalocyanines. It was the first known example of a molecule that is anintrinsic semiconductor.[1][2] It exhibitselectrochromism, changing color when subject to a voltage.
LuPc2 is asandwich compound consisting of aLu3+ ion coordinated to the conjugate base of two phthalocyanines. The rings are arranged in astaggered conformation. The extremities of the two ligands are slightly distorted outwards.[3] The complex features anon-innocent ligand, in the sense that themacrocycles carry an extra electron.[4] It is afree radical[1] with the unpaired electron sitting in a half-filledmolecular orbital between thehighest occupied and lowest unoccupied orbitals, allowing its electronic properties to be finely tuned.[3]
LuPc2, along with manysubstituted derivatives like thealkoxy-methyl derivativeLu[(C8H17OCH2)8Pc]2, can be deposited as a thin film with intrinsic semiconductor properties;[4] said properties arise due to its radical nature[1] and its lowreduction potential compared to other metal phthalocyanines.[2] This initially green film exhibits electrochromism; the oxidized formLuPc+2 is red, whereas the reduced formLuPc−2 is blue and the next two reduced forms are dark blue and violet, respectively.[4] The green/red oxidation cycle can be repeated over 10,000 times in aqueous solution with dissolvedalkali metal halides, before it is degraded byhydroxide ions; the green/blue redox degrades faster in water.[4]
LuPc2 and otherlanthanide phthalocyanines are of interest in the development of organic thin-filmfield-effect transistors.[3][5]
LuPc2 derivatives can be selected to change color in the presence of certain molecules, such as ingas detectors;[2] for example, thethioether derivativeLu[(C6H13S)8Pc]2 changes from green to brownish-purple in the presence ofNADH.[6]
