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Lubny Лубни | |
|---|---|
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 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Lubny Location of Lubny Show map of Poltava Oblast Lubny Lubny (Ukraine) Show map of Ukraine | |
| Coordinates:50°01′N33°00′E / 50.017°N 33.000°E /50.017; 33.000 | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Poltava Oblast |
| Raion | Lubny Raion |
| Hromada | Lubny urban hromada |
| Founded | 1107[1] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Oleksandr Hrycajenko |
| Area | |
• Total | 45.6 km2 (17.6 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 158 m (518 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total | 44,089 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EET) |
| Postal code | 37500 |
| Area code | +380 5361 |
| Website | lubnyrada |
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Lubny (Ukrainian:Лубни,pronounced[lʊbˈnɪ]) is a city inPoltava Oblast, centralUkraine. It serves as theadministrative center ofLubny Raion. It also hosts the administration ofLubny urban hromada [uk], one of thehromadas of Ukraine.[2] Population:44,089 (2022 estimate).[3]
Lubny is reputed to be one of the oldest cities in Ukraine, allegedly founded in 988 byknyaz (prince)Vladimir the Great (Volodymyr) ofKyiv. The first written record, however, dates from 1107.
Initially, it was a small woodenfortress above theSula River. The fortress quickly grew, and in the 15th or 16th century, it was owned by the powerfulWisniowiecki family. The town was ruled byMagdeburg rights and had acoat of arms.
In 1596, Lubny was the site of the last battle ofSeveryn Nalyvaiko against the Poles. In the 17th century the city was one of the largest in the area. In 1638 it had 2,646 inhabitants.
AfterKhmelnytsky Uprising, between 1648 and 1781, the town was the headquarters of theLubny Cossack Regiment.
In 1782 Lubny became anuyezd center ofKiev Viceroyalty, in 1793 the town was included into Malorossiya Governorate, since 1802 - intoPoltava Governorate[4]
After arailroad line was constructed through Lubny in 1901, industry grew rapidly and expanded in the city.
During theRevolution of 1905 a self-defence group was formed by Ukrianian activists in Lubny in order to protect the community from theBlack Hundreds. Among its active members wasAndriy Livytskyi, the future head of theUkrainian People's Republic in exile. Members of the force, also known as "Lubny Republic", were later persecuted by Tsarist authorities on accusations of separatism.[5]
A local newspaper («Лубенщина») has been circulating in the city since July 1917.[6][7]
During theGerman occupation in theSecond World War, Lubny was the centre of majorpartisan (resistance) movement. TwoNazi concentration camps were there.[8] On 16 October 1941 over a thousand of the city's Jews, including women and children, were massacred by German Einsatzgruppen on the outskirts of the city. The action, all the way until the execution, was thoroughly documented by photographerJohannes Hähle.[9]
Until 18 July 2020, Lubny was designated as acity of oblast significance and did not belong to Lubny Raion even though it was the center of the raion. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four, the city was merged into Lubny Raion.[10][11]
Today, Lubny is a large industrial and cultural centre. Manyautomotive and farm equipment factories were established during the growth of industry between 1901 and the 1930s. As well, Lubny is a major producer ofmeat andmilk products,furniture andbread. Over 40 types of ice cream are made in themilk factorу, and the Lubny bread is known across Ukraine.
Lubny also has its own soccer team, FC Lubny. Several museums and art galleries are located there, and theLubny institute [uk] district is known for the bookstores that carry a wide variety of technical and non-technical books.
A second local newspaper,Visnyk (Вісник) is published in the city since 1994.
The main landmark of the Lubny District is theMharsky Monastery, with a large six-pillaredUkrainian Baroque cathedral, built in 1684–92 and renovated after a conflagration in 1754, and a neoclassical bell tower, started in 1784 but not completed until 1844.
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Lubny is divided into eightmicrodistricts, each raion is governed by a specially-appointed secretary, and has its own branch of the police force. The secretaries are responsible for handling issues in their raion.
Distribution of the population by native language according to the2001 census:[12]
| Language | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Ukrainian | 91.06% |
| Russian | 8.61% |
| other/undecided | 0.33% |
| Climate data for Lubny (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.7 (28.9) | −0.2 (31.6) | 5.7 (42.3) | 14.9 (58.8) | 21.4 (70.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.3 (79.3) | 20.1 (68.2) | 12.6 (54.7) | 4.7 (40.5) | −0.2 (31.6) | 13.0 (55.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.1 (24.6) | −3.3 (26.1) | 1.8 (35.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 15.8 (60.4) | 19.5 (67.1) | 21.3 (70.3) | 20.3 (68.5) | 14.7 (58.5) | 8.2 (46.8) | 2.0 (35.6) | −2.5 (27.5) | 8.6 (47.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.4 (20.5) | −5.9 (21.4) | −1.6 (29.1) | 5.1 (41.2) | 10.3 (50.5) | 14.3 (57.7) | 16.2 (61.2) | 15.0 (59.0) | 10.0 (50.0) | 4.4 (39.9) | −0.3 (31.5) | −4.6 (23.7) | 4.7 (40.5) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 47 (1.9) | 41 (1.6) | 49 (1.9) | 37 (1.5) | 59 (2.3) | 75 (3.0) | 63 (2.5) | 47 (1.9) | 57 (2.2) | 47 (1.9) | 45 (1.8) | 51 (2.0) | 618 (24.3) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 10.0 | 8.9 | 9.6 | 6.8 | 9.0 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 5.1 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 7.7 | 9.4 | 96.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 86.3 | 82.6 | 75.5 | 63.2 | 63.4 | 65.7 | 67.2 | 65.4 | 71.3 | 78.7 | 86.1 | 87.8 | 74.4 |
| Source:NOAA[13] | |||||||||||||
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Lubny railway station is located in the city.
