| Louw Wepener Decoration | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | Military decoration for bravery |
| Awarded for | Acts of the most conspicuous courage or greatest heroism |
| Country |  South Africa |
| Presented by | the Monarch of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth realms and, from 1961, the State President |
| Eligibility | All Ranks |
| Post-nominals | LWD |
| Clasps | Bar for subsequent award |
| Status | Discontinued in 1975 |
| Established | 1952 |
| First award | 1961 |
| Final award | 1974 |
| Total | 7 |
| Total awarded posthumously | 2 |
 Ribbon bar | |
| SADF pre-1994 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear | |
| Next (higher) | SADF precedence: SANDF precedence: |
| Next (lower) | SADF succession: SANDF succession: |
TheLouw Wepener Decoration, post-nominal lettersLWD, is amilitary decoration for bravery which was instituted by theUnion of South Africa in 1952. It was awarded to members of theSouth African Defence Force for acts of the most conspicuous courage or greatest heroism. The decoration was discontinued on 1 July 1975, when a new set of decorations and medals was instituted.[1]
The Union Defence Forces (UDF) were established in 1912 and renamed the South African Defence Force (SADF) in 1958. On 27 April 1994, it was integrated with six other independent forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).[2][3][4]
The Louw Wepener Decoration, post-nominal letters LWD, was instituted byQueen Elizabeth II on 6 April 1952, during theTercentenaryVan Riebeeck Festival. From 1967, it was the senior of a set of two decorations for bravery, along with theLouw Wepener Medal which was instituted in that year.[1][5]
The Louw Wepener Decoration could be awarded to all ranks for acts of most conspicuous courage or the greatest heroism in circumstances of great danger, and was primarily a non-combat decoration. A Bar could be awarded for a further similar deed of bravery. The decoration was instituted in honour ofLouw Wepener who, in 1865, lost his life whilst leading hisburghers in an attack on a Basotho stronghold onThaba Bosigo, during the Basuto Wars of 1858 to 1865.[2]
Only seven awards were made, the first in 1961 and the last in 1974. No bar to the decoration was ever awarded.[2]
With effect from 6 April 1952, when the Louw Wepener Decoration and several other new decorations and medals were instituted, these new awards took precedence before all earlier British decorations and medals awarded to South Africans, with the exception of theVictoria Cross, which still took precedence before all other awards. The other older British awards continued to be worn in the order prescribed by the BritishCentral Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood.[6][7][8]
The position of the Louw Wepener Decoration in the official order of precedence was revised to accommodate the inclusion of the decorations and medals of Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei, upon their integration into the South African National Defence Force in 1994.
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The position of the Louw Wepener Decoration in the order of wear remained unchanged, as it was on 27 April 1994, when decorations and medals were instituted for Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army in April 1996, and when a new series of military orders, decorations and medals was instituted on 27 April 2003.[8]
The Louw Wepener Decoration is a silver medallion, 38 millimetres in diameter, which depicts the mountain peak of Thaba Bosigo, with two men on horseback at its foot. Below the horsemen are the words "THABA BOSIGO, 1865" and around the circumference are the words "LOUW WEPENER" at the top and "DECORATION • DEKORASIE" at the bottom.
The reverse has thepre-1994 South African coat of arms, with the decoration number impressed at the bottom on the rim. Specimens which were minted and awarded before South Africa became a republic on 31 May 1961, had Queen Elizabeth's royal cipher (E II R) above the coat of arms.
The ribbon is1+3⁄8 inches (35 millimetres) wide and orange, with five white bands, all1⁄8 inch (3.2 millimetres) wide and spaced1⁄8 inch (3.2 millimetres) apart.
The bar, to denote a subsequent award of the decoration, is1+3⁄8 inches (35 millimetres) wide and in silver, with the encircled letters "LWD" in the centre. When only ribbon bars are worn, a recipient of a subsequent award would have worn a silver button with the encircled letters "LWD", 8 millimetres (0.31 inches) in diameter, on the ribbon bar.
Conferment of the decoration was discontinued in respect of services performed on or after 1 July 1975, when a new set of decorations and medals was instituted.[3]
| LWD no. | Name | Rank | Service Arm | Unit | Date awarded |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nel, D.vZ.[a] | 2 Lt | SA Army | SSB | 19 May 1961 | |
| van Aswegen, W.A.G. (Willem)[a] | Sgt | SA Army | SSB | 19 May 1961 | |
| Stephens, F.P.[b] | Sgt | SA Army | SACMP | 1 Nov 1963 | |
| van Wyk, H.H.[c] | Rfn | SA Army | 1 SAI | 1 Nov 1963 | |
| van Heerden, J.H.[d] | Cmdt | SA Army | Middle Karoo Commando | 15 Aug 1969 | |
| Britz, J.P. †[e] | Maj | SAAF | 1 Sqn | 19 Mar 1970 | |
| Zeelie, F.J. †[f] | Lt | SA Army | 1 RR | 6 Dec 1974 |
Note 1: † denotes a posthumous award.
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