French physicist
Louis Eugène Félix Néel ForMemRS French: [neɛl] physicist born inLyon [ 4] Nobel Prize forPhysics in 1970 for his studies of the magnetic properties ofsolids .[ 1]
Néel studied at theLycée du Parc inLyon and was accepted at theÉcole Normale Supérieure inParis . He obtained the degree of Doctor of Science at theUniversity of Strasbourg . He was corecipient (with theSwedish astrophysicist Hannes Alfvén ) of theNobel Prize forPhysics in 1970 for his pioneering studies of the magnetic properties ofsolids .[ 5] solid state physics have found numerous useful applications, particularly in the development of improvedcomputer memory units. About 1930 he suggested that a new form of magnetic behavior might exist; calledantiferromagnetism , as opposed toferromagnetism .[ 6] Néel temperature ) this behaviour stops. Néel pointed out (1948)[ 7] ferrimagnetism . Néel has also given an explanation of the weak magnetism of certain rocks, making possible the study of the history ofEarth's magnetic field .[ 8] [ 9] [ 10] [ 11] [ 12] [ 13] [ 14] [ 15] [ 16]
He is the instigator of thePolygone Scientifique inGrenoble .[citation needed
TheLouis Néel Medal , awarded annually by theEuropean Geophysical Society , is named in Néel's honour.[citation needed
Néel died atBrive-la-Gaillarde on 17 November 2000 at the age 95, just 5 days short of his 96th birthday.[citation needed
Néel received numerous awards and honours for his work including:
Owing to his involvement in national defense, particularly through research in the protection of warships by demagnetization against magnetic mines, he received numerous distinctions:
^a b c Friedel, J.; Averbuch, P. (1 December 2003)."Louis Eugène Félix Néel. 22 November 1904 – 17 November 2000" .Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society .49 :367– 384.doi :10.1098/rsbm.2003.0021 S2CID 74311735 . ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1970" . The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved20 June 2012 .^ "Louis Néel" .^ "Louis-Eugène-Félix Néel | French physicist | Britannica" .^ Néel, L. (3 December 1971)."Magnetism and Local Molecular Field" (PDF) .Science .174 (4013):985– 992.Bibcode :1971Sci...174..985N .doi :10.1126/science.174.4013.985 .PMID 17757022 .S2CID 27784885 . ^ Aharoni, Amikam (2000).Introduction to the Theory of Ferromagnetism . Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 21.ISBN 978-0-19-850809-0 ^ Néel, Louis (1948). "Magnetic Properties of Ferrites: Ferrimagnetism and Antiferromagnetism".Ann. Phys. (Paris) .3 :137– 198. ^ Néel, Louis (1 April 1955)."Some theoretical aspects of rock-magnetism" (PDF) .Advances in Physics .4 (14):191– 243.Bibcode :1955AdPhy...4..191N .doi :10.1080/00018735500101204 . ^ Barbara, B.; Lacroix, Claudine (2000). "Retrospective in Science: Louis Neel (1904–2000)".Science .291 (5506): 1000.doi :10.1126/science.1059052 .PMID 11232560 .S2CID 161752562 . ^ Coey, Michael (2001)."Obituary: Louis Néel (1904–2000)" .Nature .409 (6818): 302.Bibcode :2001Natur.409..302C .doi :10.1038/35053274 S2CID 36961096 . ^ Coey, J. M. D. (2003)."Louis Néel: Retrospective (invited)" .Journal of Applied Physics .93 (10):8224– 8229.Bibcode :2003JAP....93.8224C .doi :10.1063/1.1557815 ^ Dunlop, David J. (2003). "Partial thermoremanent magnetization: Louis Néel's legacy in rock magnetism (invited)".Journal of Applied Physics .93 (10):8236– 8240.Bibcode :2003JAP....93.8236D .doi :10.1063/1.1558640 . ^ "Louis Néel – Biography" .Nobel Lectures, Physics 1963–1970 . Elsevier Publishing Company.^ Néel, Louis (1991).Un siècle de physique . Paris: Jacob.ISBN 978-2-7381-0140-2 ^ "Louis Néel, un siècle de science à Grenoble" . 2004. Archived fromthe original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved27 October 2011 .^ Kurti, Nicholas, ed. (1988).Selected works of Louis Néel . New York: Gordon and Breach.ISBN 978-2-88124-300-4 ^ "Holweck medal recipients" . Institute of Physics. Retrieved14 January 2020 .^ "Louis Eugène Felix Néel (1904 - 2000)" . Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived fromthe original on 5 July 2020.^ "About Us" .World Cultural Council . Retrieved8 November 2016 .Louis Néel on Nobelprize.orgMagnetism and the Local Molecular Field
1901–1925 1926–1950 1951–1975 1976–2000 2001–
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