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The population of the city in 2021 was 150,808 while the metropolitan area included nearly 200,000 inhabitants. The city is a centre of trade ofRioja wine, for which the area is noted, and manufacturing of wood, metal and textile products.
The origin of this toponym is, as for many other places, unknown. The nameLucronio was first used in a document from 965 whereGarcía Sánchez I of Pamplona donated the place so named to theMonastery of San Millán. In the Fuero of Logroño from 1095 it appeared under the nameLogronio, except once when it was calledillo Gronio. The most broadly accepted theses seem to be those which indicate it is a latelatinization by prefixing the article "lo/illo" to the old toponymGronio/Gronno,[5] a word ofCeltic origin which meansthe ford orthe pass.[citation needed] It is believed that this name was due to the frequent use of this place to cross theEbro river.
Other historians have proposed alternative theories, such as a possible derivation fromLucus Brun orLucus Beronius ("Sacred place in the Beronian forest"), but its etymology remains unknown.[6]
John II of Castile granted it the title of "City" on 7 February 1431 inPalencia and ratified it on 20 February inValladolid,[7] thus it stopped being called "Village", despite there being no explicit justification of the reasons for that change. 20 July 1444 the same king added the titles of "Very noble",Spanish:Muy Noble, and "Very loyal",Spanish:Muy Leal, which up until today appear in the seal of the city. In this case, the reason was the loyalty of the habitants against the homonymous kingJohn II of Aragon, because despite the«long war, and wounds and deaths, and robberies, and fires, and damages and oppressions», the city remained loyal to the service of the king of Castile.
On 5 July 1523, the kingFrancis I granted it the threefleurs-de-lis for theshield of the city for its resistance during the French siege in 1521.
It also received by Royal Decree the title of "Excellence" 6 December 1854 fromIsabella II, as a reward for its behavior during thecholera epidemic which devastated the city.
Logroño is located in the northern region ofLa Rioja, on the riverEbro, 384 metres (1,260 feet)above sea level. TheCamino de Santiago passes through the city. The geographical coordinates of the city are: 42° 27′ N, 2° 29′ W.
The city lies 152 km (94 mi) fromBilbao, 172 km (107 mi) fromZaragoza, 336 km (209 mi) fromMadrid and 468 km (291 mi) fromBarcelona.
Logroño was an old settlement, first of the Romans, under the name of Vareia,[8] a commercial port that was founded near an older city of theBerones.[9][circular reference] From the 10th century, possession of Logroño was disputed between the kings ofNavarre and those ofCastile; the region was finally annexed toCastile. The name is a combination of le and Groin, mashed together as Logroño over time.Alfonso VI of Castile granted Logroño in 1095 a charter of rights that served as a model for other Spanish cities. In 1609 and 1610 Logroño was the main seat of theBasque witch trials, part of theSpanish Inquisition.
There are over 50taperías (tapas restaurants) located within a four-block area near the town center. The traditional tapas restaurants often serve only one tapa [such asseta (mushroom), served aspincho –pintxo inBasque – meaning one serving, ormedia ración ("half portion"), a small plate of tapas, but offer theRioja D.O.
The weather in Logroño – mostly due to its peculiar location, both in terms of distance to theAtlantic coast and in the situation along the course of theEbro river, is characterized by values ranging from those typically found in temperateoceanic climates to the warmer and drier ones observed in southeasternmediterranean regions of the river's valley. However, the weather station has acold semi-arid climate (Köppen:BSk) withsubtropical influences. The average annual temperature is 13.9 °C (57 °F).[10][11] Although infrequent, unusually low temperatures during the winter can drop to −5 °C (23 °F) or even lower, while daily high averages may exceptionally exceed the mark of 38 °C (100 °F) in a particularly hot summer. The average annual precipitation is about 400 mm (15.75 in), regularly spread over the whole year: from 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in) in drier periods to the 45–50 mm (1.77–1.97 in) range in the rainiest.[11] The winds that affect the city are as follows: the northerlyCierzo, the southerly Ábrego, the easterly Solano, and the westerly Castellano. Intermediate winds are the northeasterly Navarrico, the northwesterly Regañón, the southwesterly Burgalés and the southeasterly Soriano.[citation needed]
Climate data for Logroño (1991–2020 normals, extremes since 1948)
Fuente (Fountain) de los Riojanos Ilustres, in which royal figures with a connection to either Logroño or La Rioja are represented inbronze. Because the figures are placed looking towards the public and so large torrents of water pour down behind them, the fountain is commonly known as the one with "wet backs".
Paseo del Príncipe de Vergara (El Espolón): Located in the financial center of the capital and positioned in the center by the statue of GeneralEspartero.
Plaza del Ayuntamiento: Located on the Avenue of Peace, the modern Town Hall of Logroño, designed by architectRafael Moneo, is in a large plaza where in years past it has seen numerous public acts, festivals, expositions, concerts, and in the last few years, during Christmas, a life-size reconstruction of the nativity scene.
Parque del Carmen: Located near the bus station, this park has a variety of flora and fauna including several ducks and birds.[citation needed]
One of the Palaces of Espolón.
Plaza del Mercado: Located somewhere near Calle Portales, one of the most famous avenues of the city, at the foot of the Round Cathedral. This is where the nightly festivals of Logroño occur, near Calle Mayor (Marqués de San Nicolas Street).
Parque del Ebro: Located near the Ebro, an extensive park full of vegetation ideal for relaxing. Also has a bike path traversing through the park.
Parque de la Ribera: Next to Parque del Ebro, recently constructed. Here many gardens are found alongside the Plaza de Toros de la Ribera. Also: Riojaforum.Palacio de Congresos y Auditorio de La Rioja
Calle del Laurel, known as "the path of the elephants" and Calle San Juan are typical streets where various restaurants and tapas bars offer some of the bestpinchos andtapas in northern Spain. Calle Portales is the main street in the old town, where people like to walk and sit in the terraces to eat a meal or drink wine. Calle Marqués de San Nicolás (otherwise known as Calle Mayor) is the main area where people spend weekend nights.
Southwest of Logroño, at 42°26'34"N 2°30'43"W, amedium wave broadcasting station with a transmission power of 25 kW is operated and maintained byRTVE.[14]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2010)
San Bernabé (Saint Barnabas), celebrated on June 11, commemorating the victory and resistance of Logroño againstFrench invaders underFrancis I that besieged the city in May and June 1521. During this celebration, fried trout is typically served by the Fish Brotherhood, along with bread and wine, allegedly the only foodstuffs available in Logroño during the siege.
San Mateo, celebrated between September 20 and September 26. Since 2006 the celebrations start the Saturday before September 21 (the day ofSaint Matthew) and last for a week.
During the first week of January there is a cultural festival known as "ACTUAL" withmusic,theater andart.
In the 4th season of theHBO television seriesTrue Blood, the witch Antonia is from Logroño. She refers to herself as Antonia Galván de Logroño. In theNetflix original seriesMoney Heist, where members of the band of bank robbers use cities as codenames, their accomplice Benjamín Martínez is jokingly given the codename 'Logroño'.
^I. Rodríguez y R. de Lama,Colección diplomática medieval de La Rioja, vol. I, Logroño 1979, 272–293
^Urbano Espinosa (1993)."El gentilicio Berones en el topónimo Logroño". In Jürgen Untermann; Jaime Siles (eds.).Studia palaeohispanica et indogermanica J. Untermann ab amicis hispanicis oblata. Edicions Universitat Barcelona. p. 139.ISBN978-84-475-0418-3.El gentilicio Berones en el topónimo Logroño Urbano Espinosa Logroño forma parte de un reducido grupo de topónimos mayores en la España septentrional. cuya etimología resulta inexplicable.
^Rolled leather parchment sealed with lead and the royal seal. Valladolid, 20 February 1431. Logroño municipal register
^Keay, S.; R. Mathisen; H. Sivan; R. Talbert; T. Elliott; S. Gillies (7 June 2018)."Places: 246729 (Vareia?)". Pleiades. RetrievedAugust 27, 2013.
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