Liuboml Любомль | |
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 Skyline | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Interactive map of Liuboml | |
  Liuboml  Liuboml | |
| Coordinates:51°13′25″N24°01′58″E / 51.22361°N 24.03278°E /51.22361; 24.03278 | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Volyn Oblast |
| Raion | Kovel Raion |
| Hromada | Liuboml urban hromada |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Roman Jushchuk |
| Elevation | 187 m (614 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total | 10,295 |
Liuboml (Russian andUkrainian:Любомль,Ukrainian pronunciation:[ˈlʲubomlʲ]ⓘ;Polish andGerman:Luboml;Yiddish:ליבעוונע,romanized: Libevne) is a city inKovel Raion,Volyn Oblast, westernUkraine. It is located close to theborder withPoland. It serves as theadministrative center ofLiuboml urban hromada. Population:10,295 (2022 estimate).[1]
Liuboml is situated 200 miles (320 km) southeast ofWarsaw and 290 miles (470 km) west ofKyiv, in a historic region known asVolhynia; not far from the border withBelarus to the north, andPoland to the west. Because of its strategic location at the crossroads of Central and Eastern Europe, Liuboml had a long history of changing rule, dating back to the 11th century. The territory of Volhynia first belonged toKyivan Rus', then to theKingdom of Poland, thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Russian Empire, interwar Poland, the USSR, and finally to sovereign Ukraine.[2]
The settlement was first mentioned in written documents from the 13th century.[3][4]
The 4th Infantry Regiment of the PolishCrown Army was stationed in Luboml in 1794.[5]
During theThird Partition of Poland in 1795, Luboml was annexed byImperial Russia, within which it was located inVladimir-Volynsky Uyezd ofVolhynia Governorate until theRussian Revolution of 1917. From 1921 toSeptember 1939 it was anadministrative centre of anurban county in theWołyń Voivodeship ofPoland.
A local newspaper is published here since 1939.[6]
Beforethe ensuing Holocaust, Luboml was a town with the highest percentage of Jews anywhere in the country by 1931, exceeding 94% of the total population of over 3,300 people.[7]
InYiddish, the town was calledLibivne. During World War II, Liuboml was occupied twice. It remained under the German occupation from 25 June 1941 until 19 July 1944 in the years following the anti-SovietOperation Barbarossa. It was administered as a part of the Nazi GermanReichskommissariat Ukraine. The entire Jewish community of Liuboml was annihilated in a mass shooting action conducted in 1942 on the outskirts of town in the deadliest phase ofthe Holocaust. The town's Jews along with refugees from western Poland estimated at around 4,500 people, were taken by the GermanEinsatzgruppen aided by the local Ukrainian collaborators andAuxiliary Police to nearby pits and shot. There were 51 known survivors from the virtually eradicated town. Liuboml wasrepopulated during the postwar repatriations.[8]
In January 1989 the population was 10,124 people.[9][4]
The town's landmarks include St. George's Church, built in the 16th century in place of a 13th-century Orthodox church which previously occupied the site, and the Trinity Church, which goes back to 1412, but was subsequently rebuilt, with a belfry from 1640. Prior to the Second World War, the grand synagogue was a dominant landmark as well, before its meticulous destruction.
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