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Thevice president of India is the second highest constitutional office in thegovernment of India after thepresident. In accordance with Article 63 of theConstitution of India, the vice president discharges the functions of the president when a contingency arises due to the resignation, removal, death, impeachment or the inability of the president to discharge their functions. They are also theex officio chairperson of theRajya Sabha, the upper house of theParliament of India.[1][2]
The vice president is elected by an electoral college consisting of all members of both houses of the Parliament in accordance with the system ofproportional representation by means of thesingle transferable vote via a secret ballot conducted by theElection Commission of India. Once elected the vice president continues in office for a five-year term, but can continue in office irrespective of the expiry of the term, until a successor assumes office.[3] They can be removed by a resolution passed by an effective majority in the Rajya Sabha.[4] They are responsible for the protection of the rights and privileges of the members of the Council of States. They also decide whether a bill introduced in the Rajya Sabha is a financial bill.[1]There have been 15 vice presidents since the inception of the post in 1950. The first vice president of India,Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, took oath atRashtrapati Bhavan on 13 May 1952.[5] He later served as the president.[6] Following the death ofZakir Husain in 1969,Varahagiri Venkata Giri resigned from the post of vice president to contest the presidential election and got elected.[7] Out of 15 vice presidents, six of them later went on to become the president.[7]Krishan Kant has been the only one to die during his tenure.[8]Venkaiah Naidu[9] is the first vice president to be born afterIndian Independence.
This list is numbered based on vice presidents elected after winning an Indian vice presidential election. The vice president of India does not represent any political party. The colors used in the table indicate the related party from which they originally came.
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