| ||
|---|---|---|
Personal Reign | ||
Elizabeth II held numerous titles and honours, both during and before her time as monarch of each of herCommonwealth realms. Each is listed below; where two dates are shown, the first indicates the date of receiving the title or award (the title as Princess Elizabeth of York being given as from her birth), and the second indicates the date of its loss or renunciation.
| Styles of Queen Elizabeth II | |
|---|---|
| Reference style | Her Majesty |
| Spoken style | Your Majesty |
Elizabeth was originally styled "Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth of York".[1]Between her father's accession in 1936 and her marriage in 1947 she was known as "Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth".[2] From her marriage until her accession in 1952 she was styled "Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh".[3][4] Throughout her reign she was styled "Her Majesty The Queen".[5]
Upon Elizabeth's accession to the throne, she was asked by her Private Secretary what herregnal name would be, to which she responded, "My own, of course—what else?"[6] Until 1953, her official style wasby the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Queen,Defender of the Faith.[7] She wasproclaimed as queen using that title in Canada and South Africa,[8][9] whereas, in Australia,[10] New Zealand, and the United Kingdom,[11] she was proclaimed asQueen Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of this Realm and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.
A decision was reached by Elizabeth's prime ministers at theCommonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference of 1952, whereby the Queen would accord herself different styles and titles in each of her realms, reflecting that in each state she acted as monarch of that particular country,[12] regardless of her other roles. Canada's preferred format was:Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Canada and of Her other realms and territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.[13] However, as Australia wished to have the United Kingdom mentioned in all the Queen's titles,[14] the resolution reached was a designation that included the United Kingdom as well as, for the first time, separate reference to the other Commonwealth realms. Thereafter, separate but parallelroyal styles and titles acts were passed in each of theCommonwealth realms, granting Elizabeth a distinct but similarly constituted title in each state,[12] meaning that when Elizabeth was crowned in the same year, she held seven separate titles.
With further evolution of the Commonwealth since that time, Elizabeth held at the time of her death 15 different regnal titles, one for each of the current Commonwealth realms. In all realms other than Canada and Grenada, the reference to the United Kingdom has been removed; Australia doing so in 1973,[15] in contrast to the Australian government's position 20 years earlier. Traditionally, the Queen's titles are listed in the order in which the realms other than the United Kingdom (the original realm) first becameDominions—namely, Canada (1867), Australia (1901), and New Zealand (1907)—followed by the rest in the order in which the former colony became an independent realm: Jamaica (1962), The Bahamas (1973), Grenada (1974), Papua New Guinea (1975), the Solomon Islands (1978), Tuvalu (1978), Saint Lucia (1979), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979), Belize (1981), Antigua and Barbuda (1981) and Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983).
Owing to her status, Elizabeth II was usually just known as "The Queen" across the world.[16][17][18][19]
The Queen's British styles and titles were read out at her funeral byDavid White,Garter Principal King of Arms, as follows:
Thus it hath pleased Almighty God to take out of this transitory life unto His Divine Mercy the late Most High, Most Mighty, and Most Excellent Monarch, Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, and Sovereign of the Most Noble Order of the Garter.[20]
The Queen's New Zealand styles and titles were read out at the State Memorial Service at the Wellington Cathedral on 26 September by Phillip O'Shea,New Zealand Herald of Arms Extraordinary, as follows:
The Royal style and titles of Her Late Majesty, for use in relation to New Zealand and all other territories for whose foreign relations
Her Government in New Zealand is responsible, were—
Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.
Sovereign of The Order of New Zealand, Sovereign of The New Zealand Order of Merit, and Sovereign of The Queen's Service Order.
Now, it is upon His Majesty King Charles III, King of New Zealand, that these styles, titles and honours have devolved.
God save the King![21]
Though the situation was the same in every one of the Queen's realms beyond the United Kingdom, only within Scotland did the titleElizabeth II cause controversy as there had never been anElizabeth I in Scotland. In an act of sabotage, newRoyal Mail post boxes in Scotland, bearing theroyal cypherEIIR,were vandalised, after which, to avoid further problems, post boxes and Royal Mail vehicles in Scotland bore only theCrown of Scotland. A legal case,MacCormick v. Lord Advocate (1953 SC 396), was taken to contest the right of the Queen to title herselfElizabeth II within Scotland, arguing that to do so would be a breach of theAct of Union. The case, however, was lost on the grounds that the pursuers had not title to sue the Crown and the numbering of monarchs was part of theroyal prerogative, and thus not governed by the Act of Union.Winston Churchill suggested that future British monarchs should be numbered according to either their English or Scottish predecessors, whichever number is higher.[22]
At the opening ceremony of thedevolvedScottish Parliament in Edinburgh in 1999, attended by the Queen, thePresiding OfficerLord Steel said at the close of his opening address: "It is good that today, once again, we the elected representatives of the people are able to welcome your majesty, not only as Queen of the United Kingdom, but seated as you are among us, to greet you in the historic and constitutionally correct manner, with warmth and affection, as Queen of Scots."[23] In 2002Winnie Ewing, then president of theScottish National Party, wrote to the Queen asking her to adopt the titleElizabeth I in Scotland.[24]
Other realms adopted the style "Queen Elizabeth II" despite never having been ruled byQueen Elizabeth I of England.
| Country | Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
1 November 1981 – 11 February 1982 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][26] | |
11 February 1982 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[27][28][26] | |
10 July 1973 – 27 December 1973 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][29] | |
27 December 1973 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[30][29][31] | |
21 September 1981 – 1981 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][32] | |
1981 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Belize and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[33][32] | |
6 February 1952 – 29 May 1953 | In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[34][35] In French:Elizabeth Deux, par la Grâce de Dieu, Reine de Grande-Bretagne, d'Irlande et des Territoires britanniques au delà des mers, Défenseur de la Foi[35] | |
29 May 1953 – 8 September 2022 | In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[36][35][a][34] In French:Elizabeth Deux, par la grâce de Dieu Reine du Royaume-Uni, du Canada et de ses autres royaumes et territoires, Chef du Commonwealth, Défenseur de la Foi[35][38][b][34] | |
7 February 1974 – 1974 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][39] | |
1974 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Grenada and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[40][39] | |
6 August 1962 – 31 August 1962 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][41] | |
31 August 1962 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of Jamaica and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth[42][41] | |
19 September 1983 – 1983 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][43] | |
1983 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of Saint Christopher and Nevis Queen, Head of the Commonwealth[44][45][43] | |
22 February 1979 – 1979 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][46] | |
1979 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of Saint Lucia and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[47][46] | |
27 October 1979 – 1979 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][48] | |
1979 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[49][48] | |
6 February 1952 – 28 May 1953 | In English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[50][51] In Latin:Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae, Hiberniae et terrarum transmarinarum quae in ditione sunt Britannica Regina, Fidei Defensor[52][53] | |
29 May 1953 – 8 September 2022 | In English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][7][51] In Latin:Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Regina, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor[52] In Welsh:Elizabeth yr Ail, trwy Ras Duw, o Deyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon a'i Theyrnasoedd a'i Thiriogaethau eraill, Brenhines, Pennaeth y Gymanwlad, Amddiffynnydd y Ffydd[54] | |
6 February 1952 – 29 May 1953 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[50][55] | |
29 May 1953 – 19 October 1973 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom, Australia and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[c][57][55][58] | |
19 October 1973 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of Australia and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[59][55][60] | |
6 February 1952 – 29 May 1953 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[50][61] | |
29 May 1953 – 6 February 1974 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[61][62] | |
6 February 1974 – 8 September 2022 | In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[63][64] In Māori:Irihāpeti Te Tuarua, nā te huatau o te Atua, te Kuini o Aotearoa me ērā atu o Ōna Whaitua, Rohe hoki, te Upoko o te Kāhui Whenua, te Kaiwawao o te Whakapono[64] | |
16 September 1975 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Papua New Guinea and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[65][66][67] | |
7 July 1978 – 1 November 2013 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][68] | |
1 November 2013 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Solomon Islands and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[68][69] | |
1 October 1978 – 12 May 1987 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][70][71] | |
12 May 1987 – 8 September 2022 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of Tuvalu and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[72][70][73] | |
6 March 1957 – 27 July 1957 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][74] | |
27 July 1957 – 30 June 1960 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Ghana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[75][74] | |
1 October 1960 – 1 June 1961 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][76][77] | |
1 June 1961 – 1 October 1963 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Nigeria and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[76][78][77] | |
27 April 1961 – 16 November 1961 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][79] | |
16 November 1961 – 19 April 1971 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Sierra Leone and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[80][79][81] | |
9 December 1961 – 12 January 1962 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][82] | |
12 January 1962 – 9 December 1962 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Tanganyika and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[82][83][84] | |
9 October 1962 – 2 November 1962 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][85] | |
2 November 1962 – 9 October 1963 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Uganda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[85][86][87] | |
12 December 1963 – 21 April 1964 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][88] | |
21 April 1964 – 12 December 1964 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Kenya and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[88][89][90] | |
6 July 1964 – 1964 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][91] | |
1964 – 6 July 1966 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of Malawi and of Her other Reals and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[91][92] | |
12 March 1968 – 25 April 1968 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][93] | |
25 April 1968 – 12 March 1992 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Mauritius and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[94][93][95] | |
6 February 1952 – 29 May 1953 | In English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[53][96] In Afrikaans:Elizabeth II, Deur Gods Genade, van Groot-Brittanje, Ierland en die Britse Oorsese Geweste Koningin, Verdediger van die Geloof[96] In Latin:Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae, Hiberniae et terrarum transmarinarum quae in ditione sunt Britannica Regina, Fidei Defensor[53] | |
29 May 1953 – 31 May 1961 | In English: Elizabeth II, Queen of South Africa and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[53][96] In Afrikaans:Elizabeth II, Koningin van Suid-Afrika en van Haar ander Koninkryke en Gebiede, Hoof van die Statebond[53][96] In Latin:Elizabeth II, Africae Australis regnorumque suo rum ceterorum Regina, consortionis populorum Princeps[53] | |
18 February 1965 – 18 June 1965 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][97] | |
18 June 1965 – 24 April 1970 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of The Gambia and all Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[97][98][92] | |
31 August 1962 – 2 November 1962 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][99] | |
2 November 1962 – 1 August 1976 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[99][100][101] | |
26 May 1966 – 18 June 1966 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][102] | |
18 June 1966 – 23 February 1970 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Guyana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[102][103][101] | |
30 November 1966 – 4 May 1967 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][104] | |
4 May 1967 – 30 November 2021 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Barbados and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[105][104][106] | |
6 February 1952 – 29 May 1953 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[50][107] | |
29 May 1953 – 23 March 1956 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of the United Kingdom and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[108][107] | |
6 February 1952 – 4 June 1953 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[50][109] | |
4 June 1953 – 22 May 1972 | Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Ceylon and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[110][109] | |
21 September 1964 – 18 January 1965 | In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][111] In Maltese:Eliżabetta II, Għall-Grazzja t'Alla tar-Renju Unit tal-Britannja l-Kbira u ta' l-Irlanda ta' Fuq u tar-Renji u t-Territorji l-Oħra Tagħha, Reġina, Kap tal-Commonwealth u Difenditriċi tal-Fidi[111] | |
18 January 1965 – 13 December 1974 | In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Malta and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[111][112][101] In Maltese:Eliżabetta II, Għall-Grazzja t'Alla, Reġina ta' Malta u tar-Renji u t-Territorji l-Oħra Tagħha, Kap tal-Commonwealth[111][113] | |
10 October 1970 – 27 November 1970 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[25][114] | |
27 November 1970 – 6 October 1987 | Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Fiji and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[94][114] |
| Region | Date | Title | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Chieftain of theBraemar Gathering | [115][116] | |
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Duke of Lancaster | [117][118] | |
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Seigneur of the Swans | [119][120][121] | |
1961 – 14 March 2012 | In Fijian:Ilisapeci – Na Radi ni Viti kei Peritania In English: Elizabeth – Queen of Fiji and Great Britain | [122] | |
1998 – 14 March 2012 | In Fijian:Tui Viti orVunivalu In English:Queen or paramount chief of Fiji | [123] | |
6 May 2010 – 8 September 2022 | Queen of Gibraltar | [124][f] | |
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Duke of Normandy | [126] | |
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Lord of Mann | [126] | |
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Duke of Normandy | [126] | |
? – 8 September 2022 | Admiral in the Great Navy of the State of Nebraska | [127] | |
11 November 1965 – 2 March 1970 | Queen of Rhodesia | [g][128] | |
1 July 1999 – 8 September 2022 | Queen of Scots | [129][130][131][full citation needed] | |
6 August 1946 – 2019 | BardElizabeth O Windsor | [132][133][134] |
| Region | Title | Ref |
|---|---|---|
| Mother of All People | [135] | |
| 事頭婆[h] (Cantonese: "Boss Lady") | [136] | |
| Missis Queen (InJamaican Patois) | [137][138] | |
| The Queen Lady (InJamaican Patois) | [137][138] | |
| Raanee (Dhivehi: Queen) | [139][140] | |
| TeKotuku Rerengatahi (Māori: Rare White Heron of Single Flight) | [141][142] | |
| Missis Kwin (Tok Pisin: Mrs Queen) | [143][144] | |
| Mama belong big family (InTok Pisin) | [145][143] | |
| Great White Mother of Africa | [146][147] | |
| Baba Liza (баба Лиза) (In English: Granny Liz) | [148] | |
| Mama Queen II | [149] | |
| Namuga village, Star Harbour, Makira, Solomon Islands | Fau Ni Qweraasi (A title given to a wealthy, powerful, peaceful, and loving female leader, who is capable of resolving disputes) | [150][151] |
| Motlalepula ("The Rain Queen" or "the one who brings the rain") | [152][153] | |
| Princess Auto Mechanic | [154][155] | |
| The World's Sweetheart | [156][157] | |
| Elizabeth the Great | [158][159] | |
| Ein Tywysoges (Welsh: Our Own Princess) | [132][133][134] |
| Country | Date | Appointment | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1935 | Recipient of theRoyal Family Order of George V | |||
| 1937 | Recipient of theRoyal Family Order of George VI[164] | |||
| 11 November 1947 – 6 February 1952 | Royal Lady of theMost Noble Order of the Garter | LG | ||
| 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of the Most Noble Order of the Garter | |||
| 12 June 1947 – 6 February 1952 | Member of theImperial Order of the Crown of India[165] | CI | ||
| 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of the Imperial Order of the Crown of India | |||
| 1951 – 6 February 1952 | Lady ofHis Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council | PC | ||
| International | 8 July 1947 – 6 February 1952 | Dame Grand Crossof the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem[166] | GCStJ | |
| 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign Head of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem | |||
| Commonwealth realms[j] | 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theRoyal Victorian Order | ||
| 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Merit | |||
| 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of the Companions of Honour | |||
| 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theMost Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle | |||
| Sovereign of theMost Illustrious Order of Saint Patrick | ||||
| Sovereign of theMost Honourable Order of the Bath | ||||
| Sovereign of theMost Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George | ||||
| Sovereign of theMost Excellent Order of the British Empire | ||||
| Sovereign of theDistinguished Service Order | ||||
| Sovereign of theImperial Service Order | ||||
| Sovereign of theMost Exalted Order of the Star of India | ||||
| Sovereign of theMost Eminent Order of the Indian Empire | ||||
| Sovereign of theOrder of British India | ||||
| Sovereign of theIndian Order of Merit | ||||
| Sovereign of theOrder of Burma | ||||
| 1957 – 8 September 2022 | Chief Hunter of theOrder of the Buffalo Hunt[167] | |||
| 17 April 1967 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Canada[168] | |||
| 1971 | Member of theOrder of the Dogwood | |||
| 1 July 1972 | Sovereign of theOrder of Military Merit[169] | |||
| 14 February 1975 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign Head of theOrder of Australia[170] | |||
| 13 March 1975 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign Head of theQueen's Service Order[171] | |||
| 25 July 1980 – 30 November 2021 | Sovereign of theOrder of Barbados[172] | |||
| 1980 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Saint Lucia[173] | |||
| 1981 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of the Solomon Islands[citation needed] | |||
| 1982 – 8 September 2022 | Recipient of theStar of the Solomon Islands[174] | |||
| 6 February 1987 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of New Zealand[175] | |||
| 16 August 1991 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of the National Hero[176] | |||
| 16 August 1991 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Belize[176] | |||
| 16 August 1991 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Distinction[176] | |||
| 30 May 1996 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theNew Zealand Order of Merit[177] | |||
| 3 October 2000 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Merit of the Police Forces[178] | |||
| 23 August 2005 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Logohu[179] | |||
| 2005 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of the Star of Melanesia[179] | |||
| 31 December 2007 - 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of thePrestige Order of the National Hero[180] | |||
| 31 December 2007 - 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theMost Distinguished Order of the Nation[k][180] | |||
| 9 December 1994 - 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theOrder of Grenada[180] | |||
| 1 October 2016 – 8 September 2022 | Sovereign of theTuvalu Order of Merit[citation needed] |
| Country | Date | Appointment | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1935 | Recipient of theKing George V Silver Jubilee Medal | |||
| 1937 | Recipient of theKing George VI Coronation Medal | |||
| 1945 | Recipient of theDefence Medal | |||
| 1945 | Recipient of theWar Medal 1939–1945 | |||
| 1951 | Recipient of theCanadian Forces' Decoration andfive bars | CD | ||
| 11 October 2016 | Recipient of theNaval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal andfive bars[181][182] | |||
| 11 October 2016 | Recipient of theArmy Long Service and Good Conduct Medal andfive bars | |||
| 11 October 2016 | Recipient of theRAF Long Service and Good Conduct Medal andfive bars | |||
| 11 March 2020 | Recipient of theULS Extension of the Service Medal of the Order of St John with 3 Gold Bars[citation needed] |
| Country | Date | Appointment | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19 December 1953 | Most Illustrious Order of Queen Sālote Tupou III[citation needed] | |||
| 1960 | Nishan-e-Pakistan[7] | NPk | ||
| 1969 | Grand Commander of theOrder of the Niger[7] | GCON | ||
| 1972 | Order of Temasek[7] | DUT(1st) | ||
| Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara (Kehormat)[7][183] | DMN | |||
| Member of theOrder of the Ghazi[7]Nishan Ghazige 'Izzatheri Veriya | NGIV | |||
| Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei[7] | DKMB | |||
| Chief of theOrder of the Golden Heart of Kenya[7] | CGH | |||
| 1974 | Grand Commander of theOrder of the Republic of The Gambia[7] | GCRG | ||
| 1979 | Member First Class of theOrder of the Lion[7] | |||
| Member of the Presidential Order of Botswana[7] | POB | |||
| 1989 | Grand Commander of theOrder of the Federal Republic[184] | GCFR | ||
| 28 May 1992 | Honorary Companion of Honour of theNational Order of Merit[185] | KUOM | ||
| 1992 | Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei[7] | DKMB | ||
| 1995 | Grand Cross in Gold of theOrder of Good Hope[7] | |||
| 23 October 2000 | Honorary Companion of Honour with Collar of theNational Order of Merit[185] | |||
| 23 November 2005 | Honorary Member of theXirka Ġieħ ir-Repubblika[186] | SG | ||
| 2007 | Honorary Companion of theOrder of the Star of Ghana[187] | CSG | ||
| 2010 | Companion in Gold of theOrder of the Companions of O. R. Tambo[188] |
| Country | Date | Decoration/medal | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | Dominica Award of Honour[7] | DAH | ||
| Trinity Cross Medal in Gold[7] | TC | |||
| 1992 | Sultan of Brunei Silver Jubilee Medal[7] |
| Country | Date | Appointment | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1947 | Knight of theOrder of the Elephant[7] | RE | ||
| 1948 | Grand Cordon of theOrder of El Kemal[7] | |||
| Grand Cross of theNational Order of the Legion of Honour[7] | ||||
| 1949 | Member of theOrder of the Benevolent Ruler[7] | |||
| 1950 | Knight Grand Cross of theOrder of the Netherlands Lion[7] | |||
| 1953 | Collar of theOrder of al-Hussein bin Ali[7] | |||
| Member of theRoyal Order of the Seraphim[7] | LSerafO | |||
| Collar of theOrder of Manuel Amador Guerrero[7] | ||||
| 1954 | Grand Collar of theOrder of Idris I[7] | |||
| Chain and Collar of theOrder of the Seal of Solomon[7] | ||||
| 1955 | Grand Cross with Collar of theRoyal Norwegian Order of St. Olav[7] | |||
| Sash of the Three Orders[7] (the Grand Crosses of theOrder of Christ, theOrder of Aviz and theOrder of Santiago conferred as a single award) | ||||
| 1956 | Member with Chain of theGrand Order of the Hashemites[7] | |||
| 9 May 1958 | Knight Grand Cross with Collar of theOrder of Merit of the Italian Republic[7] | |||
| 1958 | Grand Cross Special Class of theOrder of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany[7] | |||
| 1960 | Grand Cross in Diamonds of theOrder of the Sun[7] | |||
| Grand Collar of theOrder of the Liberator General San Martin[7] | ||||
| Dame of theMost Illustrious Order of the Royal House of Chakri[7] | ||||
| 1961 | Grand Collar of theOrder of Independence[7] | |||
| Collar of theOrder of the White Rose[7] | ||||
| Grand Cordon of theNational Order of Mali | ||||
| Grand Cross of theNational Order of the Lion[7] | ||||
| Knight Grand Band of theOrder of the Pioneers of Liberia[7] | ||||
| Grand Cross of theNational Order of the Ivory Coast[7] | ||||
| 1962 | Knight Grand Band of theOrder of the Star of Africa[7] | |||
| Collar and Grand Cordon of theOrder of the Chrysanthemum[7] | ||||
| 1963 | Grand Cross of theOrdre de la Valeur Camerounaise[7] | |||
| Grand Cordon of theOrder of Leopold[7] | ||||
| Knight Grand Cross of theOrder of the Redeemer[7] | GCR | |||
| Grand Cross with Collar of theOrder of the Falcon[7] | ||||
| 1965 | Grand Collar of theOrder of Merit[7] | |||
| 1966 | Grand Star of theDecoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria[7][189] | |||
| 1968 | Grand Collar of theOrder of the Southern Cross[7] | |||
| 1969 | Member First Class of theOrder of Al-Nahayyan[7] | |||
| Grand Cross of theOrder of the Equatorial Star[7] | ||||
| 1971 | Order of the Supreme Sun[7] | |||
| 1972 | Knight of theOrder of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau[7] | |||
| Order of the Yugoslav Great Star[7] | ||||
| 1973 | Grand Collar of theOrder of the Aztec Eagle[7] | |||
| Grand Cordon of theNational Order of the Leopard[7] | ||||
| 1974 | Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 1st Class[7] | |||
| 1975 | Collar of theOrder of the Nile[7] | |||
| Golden Medal of Merit ofJapanese Red Cross | ||||
| Golden Medal of Honorary Member of Japanese Red Cross | ||||
| Member with Collar of the Royal Order of the Seraphim[7] | LSerafO m kedja | |||
| 1978 | Grand Collar of theOrder of Saint James of the Sword[7] | GColSE | ||
| 1978–1989[l] | Member First Class of theOrder of the Star of the Socialist Republic of Romania[7] | |||
| 1979 | Knight Grand Cordon with Collar of the Order of the Pioneers of Liberia[7] | |||
| Collar of theOrder of Mubarak the Great[7] | ||||
| Collar of theOrder of al-Khalifa[7] | ||||
| Member First Class of theOrder of Oman[7] | ||||
| Collar of theKing Abdulaziz Order of Merit[7] | ||||
| 1980 | Grand Cordon of theOrder of the Republic[7] | |||
| Collar of the Special Class of theOrder of Muhammad[7] | ||||
| 1982 | Member of theOrder of Al Said[7] | |||
| 1984 | Member with Sash of the Order of al-Hussein bin Ali[7] | |||
| 1986 | Dame of the Collar of theRoyal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III[7][192] | |||
| Member of theGrand Order of Mungunghwa[7] | ||||
| 1989 | Collar of theOrder of the Golden Fleece[7][193] | |||
| 1991 | Grand Ribbon of theOrder of Merit of the Republic of Poland[7] | |||
| Grand Cross of theHungarian Order of Merit[7] | ||||
| 1993 | Grand Collar of theMilitary Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit[194] | GColTE | ||
| Grand Collar of theOrder of Boyaca[7] | ||||
| 1995 | Member Special Class of theOrder of Kuwait | |||
| 1996 | Knight of theOrder of the White Eagle[7] | |||
| Member First Class with Collar of theOrder of the White Lion[195] | ||||
| 1996 | Grand Cross with Collar of theOrder of the Three Stars | |||
| Grand Cross of theOrder of Merit[7] | ||||
| 2000 | Member with Sash of theOrder of the Star of Romania[196] | |||
| Member of theOrder of the Golden Eagle | ||||
| 2001 | Golden Order of Freedom of the Republic of Slovenia | |||
| 12 December 2001 | Member with Sash and Grand Star of theGrand Order of King Tomislav[197] | |||
| 17 October 2006 | Grand Cross with Golden Chain of theOrder of Vytautas the Great[198][199] | |||
| 19 October 2006 | Collar of the Cross of theOrder of the Cross of Terra Mariana[200] | |||
| 14 May 2008 | Member First Class ofOrder of the State of Republic of Turkey[201] | |||
| 2008 | Order for Exceptional Merits | |||
| 2008 | Member First Class of theOrder of the White Double Cross[202] | |||
| 25 November 2010 | Collar of theOrder of Zayed[203] | |||
| 11 March 2022 | Knight Grand Cross of theOrder of San Marino[204] |
| Source | Date | Appointment |
|---|---|---|
| RoyalHouse of Mukhrani Georgia | 8 March 2017 | Grand Collar of theOrder of the Eagle of Georgia[205] |
| Country | Date | Decoration | Ribbon |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1961 | Mahendra Chain[7] | ||
| 1964 | Chain of Honour[7] | ||
| 1979 | Badr Chain | ||
| Collar of the Independence[7] | |||
| 1989 | Collar of the Federation[7] |
| Country | Date | Organisation | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1947–1952 | Guild of Air Pilots and Air Navigators | Grand Master[228] | |
| Royal Society | Fellow (FRS) | ||
| 1947–2022 | Worshipful Company of Drapers | Freeman[229] (by patrimony, her father (KingGeorge VI) being a member) | |
| Institution of Civil Engineers | Honorary member and patron[230] | ||
| 1951–2022 | Royal College of Surgeons of England | Honorary fellow (FRCS) | |
| Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists | Honorary fellow (FRCOG) | ||
| Honourable Company of Air Pilots | Patron[231] | ||
| Honourable Company of Master Mariners | Patron[231] | ||
| Worshipful Company of Shipwrights | Patron[231] |
| Country | Date | University | Degree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1946 | University of London | Bachelor of Music (BMus)honoris causa | |
| 1948 | University of Oxford | Doctor of Civil Law (DCL)honoris causa | |
| 1949 | University of Wales | Doctor of Music (DMus)honoris causa | |
| 1951 | University of Edinburgh | Doctor of Laws (LLD)honoris causa | |
| University of London |
In 1975 she received the highest distinction of theScout Association of Japan, theGolden Pheasant Award.[232]
In April 2013, the Queen was presented with an honoraryBAFTA award bySir Kenneth Branagh in a ceremony at Windsor Castle. The BAFTA was given for her "lifelong support of the British film and television industry".[233]
On 21 June 2022, the Queen was presented with theCanterbury Cross by theArchbishop of Canterbury "for unstinting support of the Church throughout her reign."[234]
She received theInternational Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI) Lifetime Achievement Award for her dedication to equestrian sports.[235]
On 14 May 2023, the Queen posthumously won aBAFTA 'Most Memorable Moment Award' as part of her role in 'Paddington meets The Queen from the Platinum Jubilee: Party at the Palace!' via a public vote.[236]
And as President Ronald Reagan once famously remarked, 'Throughout the world, with all due respect to every other female monarch, whenever we speak about "The Queen" we all know which one we are referring to.'
To you, she was your Queen. To us, she was the Queen," Mr. Macron said in English in a video message posted on Twitter.
The correct word for a 'queen' had always been 'die Königin', he said. However, new editions now carry an additional entry: 'die Queen'. As Duden states clearly: 'There is no plural.'
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor was not just Queen Elizabeth II. She was simply The Queen.
The Governor of Gibraltar is the representative of the Queen of Gibraltar, Queen Elizabeth II.
At a ceremonial durbar, in the Sierra Leone provincial town of Bo, some of the paramount chiefs got so high on palm wine that they had to be carried to greet "Mama Queen II" (Queen Victoria was Mama Queen I).
But by the time she left, the rains had come, the crowds had turned out after all, and a legend had become official. Thabo Mbeki had declared her Motlalepula – the Rain Queen.