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List of rulers of Tibet

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History ofTibet

Eastern Queendom Tuyuhun Zhangzhung Neolithic Tibet Yarlung dynasty Tibetan Empire Era of Fragmentation Yuan rule Phagmodrupa dynasty Rinpungpa dynasty Tsangpa dynasty Khoshut Khanate Ganden Phodrang Ming–Tibet relations Qing rule 13th and 14th Dalai Lama PRC rule
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This article lists therulers of Tibet from the beginning of legendary history. Included are regimes with their base inCentral Tibet, that held authority over at least a substantial portion of the country.

Pre-Imperial Yarlung dynasty^[1]

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Nyatri Tsenpo
Mutri Tsenpo
Dingtri Tsenpo
Sotri Tsenpo
Mertri Tsenpo
Daktri Tsenpo
Siptri Tsenpo
Drigum Tsenpo
Pude Gunggyal
Esho Leg
Desho Leg
Tisho Leg
Gongru Leg
Drongzher Leg
Isho Leg
Zanam Zindé
Detrul Namzhungtsen
Senöl Namdé
Senöl Podé
Denöl Nam
Denöl Po
Degyal Po
Detring Tsen
Tore Longtsen
Tritsun Nam
Tridra Pungtsen
Tritog Jethogtsen
Lha Thothori
Trinyen Zungtsen
Drongnyen Deu
Tagri Nyenzig
Namri Songtsen

Tibetan Empire

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For a more comprehensive list, seeList of emperors of Tibet andList of Lönchen of the Tibetan Empire.

^[2]

Songtsen Gampo 618–641 (son of Namri Songtsen)
Gungsong Gungtsen 641–646 (son)
Songtsen Gampo 646–649 (second time)
Mangsong Mangtsen 649–677 (son of Gungsong Gungtsen)
Tridu Songtsen 677–704 (son)
Lha 704–705 (son)
Khri ma lod 705–712 (widow of Mangsong Mangtsen)
Me Agtsom 712–755 (son of Tridu Songtsen)
Trisong Detsen 756–797 (son)
Muné Tsenpo 797–799 (son)
Tride Songtsen 799–815 (brother)
Ralpachen 815–838 (son)
Langdarma 838–842 (brother)

Yuan dynasty and Sakya rulers

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Sakya lamas^[3]

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Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen 1216–1251 (Mongol protégé 1247)
Phagpa Drakpa Gyaltsen 1251–1280 (nephew)
Dharmapala Raksita 1280–1282 (nephew)
Jamyang Rinchen Gyaltsen 1286–1303 (of Sharpa lineage)
Zangpo Pal 1306–1323 (nephew of Phagpa Drakpa Gyaltsen)
Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen 1325–1341 (son)
Jamyang Donyo Gyaltsen 1341–1344 (brother)
Lama Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen 1344–1347 (brother)
Lotro Gyaltsen 1347–1365 (nephew)

Sakya Imperial Preceptors (Dishi)^[3]

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Phagpa Lodro Gyaltsen 1270–1274
Rinchen Gyaltsen 1274–1279 (brother)
Dharmapala Raksita 1282–1286 (nephew)
Yeshe Rinchen 1286–1291
Drakpa Odzer 1291–1303
Jamyang Rinchen Gyaltsen 1304–1305 (brother of Yeshe Rinchen)
Sanggye Pal 1305–1314 (brother of Drakpa Odzer)
Kunga Lotro Gyaltsen 1314–1327 (grandnephew of Phagpa Drakpa Gyaltsen)
Kunga Lekpa Jungne Gyaltsen 1327–1330 (brother)
Kunga Gyaltsen 1331–1358 (brother)

Dpon-chens (Ponchens)^[3]

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Phagmodrupa dynasty^[4]

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Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen 1354–1364
Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen 1364–1373 (nephew)
Drakpa Changchub 1374–1381 (nephew)
Sonam Drakpa 1381–1385 (brother)
Drakpa Gyaltsen 1385–1432 (cousin)
Drakpa Jungne 1432–1445 (nephew)
Kunga Lekpa 1448–1481 (brother)
Ngagi Wangpo 1481–1491 (son of Drakpa Jungne)
Tsokye Dorje 1491–1499 (regent, of Rinpungpa lineage)
Ngawang Tashi Drakpa 1499–1554 (son of Ngagi Wangpo)
Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen 1554–1556/57 (grandson)
Ngawang Tashi Drakpa 1556/57–1564 (second time)
Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen 1576–1603/04 (second time)
Mipham Wanggyur Gyalpo 1604–1613 (possible grandnephew)
Mipham Sonam Wangchuk Drakpa Namgyal Palzang 17th century (grandson of Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen)

Rinpungpa dynasty^[5]

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Norzang 1435–1466
Kunzang 1466–circa 1479 (son)
Donyo Dorje circa 1479–1512 (son)
Ngawang Namgyal 1512–1544 (cousin)
Dondup Tseten Dorje 1544–? (son)
Ngawang Jigme Drakpa 1547–1565 (brother)

Tsangpa dynasty^[6]

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Karma Tseten 1565–1599
Khunpang Lhawang Dorje circa 1582 – 1605/06 (son)
Karma Thutob Namgyal circa 1586–1610 (brother)
Karma Tensung 1599–1611 (brother)
Karma Phuntsok Namgyal 1611–1620 (son of Karma Thutob)
Karma Tenkyong 1620–1642 (son)

Gandan Phodrang and Qing dynasty

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Khoshut kings of Tibet

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^[7]

Güshi Khan 1642–1655
Dayan Khan 1655–1668 (son)
Tenzin Dalai Khan 1668–1696 (son)
Tenzin Wangchuk Khan 1696–1697 (son)
Labzang Khan 1697–1717 (brother)

Dalai Lamas

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For a more comprehensive list, seeList of Dalai Lamas.

Panchen Lamas

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For a more comprehensive list, seeList of Panchen Lamas.

Dzungar occupation

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Tagtsepa (deputy ofTsewang Rabtan) 1717–1720

For a more comprehensive list, seeList of Qing ambans in Tibet.

20th centurySilöns (prime ministers)

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Changkhyim 1907–1920
Paljor Dorje Shatra 1907–1923
Sholkhang 1907–1926
Langdün Künga Wangchuk 1926–1940
acting silöns:Lobsang Tashi andLukhangwa 1950–1952

Modern political leaders within China

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For a more comprehensive list, seeList of modern political leaders of Tibet.

References

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^Ancient Tibet: Research materials from the Yeshe De project. Berkeley 1986, pp. 141-78;Tsepon W.D. Shakabpa,Tibet. A Political History. Yale 1967.
^Christopher I. Beckwith,The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia. Princeton 1987, pp. 226–9;Tsepon W.D. Shakabpa,Tibet. A Political History. Yale 1967.
^^a ^b ^cLuciano Petech,Central Tibet and the Mongols. Rome 1990.
^Giuseppe Tucci,Tibetan Painted Scrolls. [Rome 1949;Giuseppe Tucci,Deb T'er Dmar Po Gsarma. Rome 1971;Per K. Sørensen & Guntram Hazod,Rulers on the Celestial Plain. Wien 2007; Olaf Czaja,Medieval rule in Tibet, Vol. I-II. Wien 2013.
^Giuseppe Tucci, 1949;Giuseppe Tucci, 1971; Olaf Czaja, 2013.
^Giuseppe Tucci, 1949;Hugh E. Richardson,A Short History of Tibet. New York 1962.
^^a ^b ^cHugh E. Richardson, 1962;Tsepon W.D. Shakabpa, 1967.
^Samten G. Karmay,The Illusive Play; The Political Autobiography of the Fifth Dalai Lama, Vol. 1 (a.k.a.The Dukula), Serindia, Chicago 2014, pp. 403-425
^Tsepon W.D. Shakabpa,One Hundred Thousand Moons: An Advanced Political History of Tibet, Vol. 2, Brill, Boston, 2010, p. 1133

Tibet articles

History

Overviews	Timeline List of rulers European exploration Historical money
Chronology	Prehistory(Neolithic) Zhangzhung Yarlung dynasty Empire(7th–9th century) Timeline List of emperors Lönchen Relations with Tang(618–907) Era of Fragmentation(9th–13th century) Guge kingdom Tsongkha Relations with Song(960–1279) Yuan dynasty rule(1270–1350) Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs Phagmodrupa dynasty Relations with Ming(1368–1644) Rinpungpa dynasty Tsangpa dynasty Ganden Phodrang Kashag Khoshut Khanate Qing dynasty rule(1720–1912) Lifan Yuan List of Qing ambans Post-Qing to 1950 Tibetan Army People's Republic of China (PRC) rule PRC annexation political leaders
Wars and conflicts	Tibetan attack on Songzhou Battle of Dafei River Battle of Shenchuan Mongol invasions of Tibet Battle of the Bloody Hills (1637) Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war Battle of Dartsedo Battle of the Salween River Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720) Jinchuan campaigns Lhasa riot of 1750 Sino-Nepalese War Dogra–Tibetan War Nepal–Tibet War (1855–1856) Sikkim expedition British expedition to Tibet Batang uprising Chinese expedition to Tibet (1910) Xinhai Lhasa turmoil Sino-Tibetan War Qinghai–Tibet War 1938–1939 German expedition to Tibet 1939 Japanese expedition to Tibet Battle of Chamdo Protests and uprisings since 1950 1959 Tibetan uprising 1987–1989 Tibetan unrest 2008 Tibetan unrest Self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China Special Frontier Force
Documents	Treaty of Tingmosgang (1684) 13-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet (1751) 29-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet (1793) Treaty of Chushul (1842) Treaty of Thapathali (1856) Convention of Calcutta (1890) Treaty of Lhasa (1904) Convention Between Great Britain and China Respecting Tibet (1906) Anglo-Russian Convention (1907) Treaty of friendship and alliance with Mongolia (1913) Simla Accord (1914) Seventeen Point Agreement (1951) Sino-Indian Trade Agreement over Tibetan Border (1954) 70,000 Character Petition (1962) Memorandum on Genuine Autonomy (2008)

Geography

Flora Fauna Environment Mountains Kailash Lhotse / Changtse Namcha Barwa Tanggula Rivers Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon Rongbuk Glacier Tibetan Plateau Changtang Nature Reserve Valleys
Traditional regions	Amdo Kham Ü-Tsang Ngari

Politics

Tibet Autonomous Region(TAR) Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese Communist Party People's Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region Etymology of Tibet Foreign relations Patron and priest relationship Golden Urn Tibet Area Serfdom controversy Serfs' Emancipation Day Sovereignty debate CIA Tibetan program India–Tibet relations
Government	Central Tibetan Administration Regional Government TAR People's Government TAR People's Congress

Economy

Society

Education Languages Religion Bon Tibetan Buddhism Sakya Imperial Preceptor Dpon-chen Nyingma Kagyu Jonang Gelug Ganden Tripa Dalai Lama list Lhamo La-tso Panchen Lama list Catholicism Islam Human rights Chinese settlements Cultural repression Labour camps Sinicization Social classes Tibetan people Changpa Yolmo Diaspora Names
Culture	Art rugs thangka tsakli sand mandala wall paintings wall murals Calendar Cuisine Dzong architecture Emblem Festivals Flag Historical and cultural sites Khata(ceremonial scarf) Literature Annals Chronicle writers Music Tibetology Traditional medicine