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This article contains a list of political parties inFrance.
France has amulti-party political system: one in which the number of competingpolitical parties is sufficiently large as to make it almost inevitable that, in order to participate in the exercise of power, any single party must be prepared to negotiate with one or more others with a view to formingelectoral alliances and/orcoalition agreements.
The dominant French political parties are also characterised by a noticeable degree of intra-partyfactionalism, making each of them effectively a coalition in itself.
Up until recently, the government of France had alternated between two rather stablecoalitions:
This was the case until the2017 presidential election, whenEmmanuel Macron of thecentristLa République En Marche! defeatedMarine Le Pen of thefar-rightNational Rally in the second round. This was the first time in which a third party had won the presidency, as well as the first time that neither of the major coalitions had appeared in the second round of a presidential election. This was followed shortly by a significant victory forLREM in the2017 legislative election, winning a majority of 350 seats. Both the traditional coalitions suffered major defeats.
In the2022 presidential election, the same scenario repeated, withEmmanuel Macron being again victorious. Both traditional parties (Socialist Party andThe Republicans) scored less than 5% each, withJean-Luc Mélenchon'sLa France Insoumise emerging as the dominantleft-wing party, ranking third in the first round.
The National Rally (previously known as the National Front before a name change in 2018) has also experienced significant successes in other elections. Since 2014, the party has established itself as a major party in France, finishing in first place in the2014 and2019 European elections as well as in the 2015 local elections,[1] though the party failed to win government in any regions due to the last-ditch alliance between the centre-left and the centre-right coalitions inHauts-de-France andProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.[2]
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Corsican Assembly councillors | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rinnovu | None | Paul-Félix Benedetti | 6 / 63 | Corsican nationalism Corsican independence Socialism Humanism | |
| CL:Corsica Libera | None | Jean-Guy Talamoni | 1 / 63 | Corsican independence Separatism Left-wing nationalism | |
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Regional Council of Guadeloupe | Departmental Council of Guadeloupe | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FRAPP: Abymian Gathering Force for Progress | None | Éric Jalton | 0 / 41 | 4 / 42 | Localism Left-wing politics | |
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Assembly of French Guiana | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Péyi G:Péyi Guyane | New Popular Front | Gabriel Serville | 7 / 55 | Guianeseregionalism Progressivism Environmentalism | |
| AGEG:On the left in French Guiana | None | Albéric Benth | 1 / 55 | GuianeseAutonomism | |
| PSG:Guianese Socialist Party | None | Patrice Catayée | 1 / 55 | Democratic socialism Social democracy GuianeseAutonomism | |
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Assembly of Martinique | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIM:Martinican Independence Movement | New Popular Front | Alfred Marie-Jeanne | 5 / 51 | Martinican nationalism Decolonization | |
| BPM:Build the Martinique Country | None | David Zobda | 3 / 51 | Post-Marxism Autonomism | |
| MPF:Franciscan Popular Movement | None | Maurice Antiste | 2 / 51 | Autonomism | |
| VAS: Living in Schœlcher | None | Félix Catherine | 2 / 51 | Localism | |
| PALIMA:Party for the Liberation of Martinique | None | Francis Carole | 1 / 51 | Separatism | |
| RDM:Martinican Democratic Rally | None | Claude Lise | 1 / 51 | Martinicanautonomism Social democracy | |
| MÉ: Martinique écologie | None | Louis Boutrin | 1 / 51 | Environmentalism | |
| RFL: Gathering of the forces of Lorrine | None | 1 / 51 | Localism | ||
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Departmental Council of Mayotte | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDM:Movement for the Development of Mayotte | None | Daniel Zaïdani | 7 / 51 | anti-Separatism Départementalism | |
| MRGS: Movement for the renewal of the Great South | None | Salime Mdéré | 2 / 51 | Centrism | |
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Assembly of French Polynesia | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ʻĀmuitahiraʻa o te Nūnaʻa Māʻohi | UDI | Bruno Sandras | 1 / 54 | Conservatism French Polynesian autonomy | |
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Regional Council of Réunion | Departmental Council of Réunion | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCR:Communist Party of Réunion | New Popular Front | Élie Hoarau | 3 / 45 | 4 / 50 | Communism Post-Marxism Regionalism | |
| Banian | None | Patrice Selly | 2 / 45 | 2 / 50 | Localism | |
| OF: Objectif Réunion | None | Didier Robert | 2 / 45 | 0 / 50 | Right-wing politics | |
| ER: Endemik Réunion | None | Collective Leadership | 1 / 45 | 0 / 50 | Localism Direct democracy | |
| FRA: France Réunion Avenir | None | Jacquet Hoarau | 1 / 45 | 0 / 50 | Right-wing politics | |
| APR: Action populaire de La Réunion | None | Claude Hoarau | 1 / 45 | 0 / 50 | Left-wing politics | |
| MPTU: Trait d'union Political Movement | Renaissance | Michel Vergoz | 1 / 45 | 0 / 50 | Centrism | |
| CREA: Citizens of Reunion Island in Action | None | Vanessa Miranville | 0 / 45 | 2 / 50 | Localism Environmentalism | |
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Territorial Council of Saint-Martin | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UD: Union for Democracy | None | Daniel Gibbs | 5 / 23 | Right-wing politics | |
| GH: Generation Hope | None | Jules Charville | 2 / 23 | Centrism Participatory democracy | |
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Territorial Council of Saint Barthélemy | Ideology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UPSB:All United for Saint Barthélemy | None | Xavier Lédée | 13 / 19 | Centre-right politics | |
| SBA: St. Barths First | The Republicans | Romaric Magras | 6 / 19 | Liberal conservatism | |
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