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List of massacres in Russia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Since the 13th century
This list isincomplete; you can help byadding missing items.(May 2011)

The following is a list ofmassacres that have occurred inRussia (numbers may be approximate). For massacres that occurred in theSoviet Union, seeList of massacres in the Soviet Union:

Pre-Soviet and Soviet Russia

[edit]
NameDateLocationDeathsDescription
Siege of RyazanDecember 1237RyazanNearly the entire population of Ryazan murdered[quantify]Mongols massacred almost the whole population of Ryazan.[quantify]
Sary-Aka's embassy massacre31 March 1375Nizhny NovgorodunknownSary-Aka along with the rest of his embassy were massacred by the Russians.
Siege of KazanSeptember–October 1552Kazan,Khanate of KazanUpwards ofc. 65,000Last battle of theRusso-Kazan Wars where the forces ofTsarIvan IV (The Terrible) besieged the city of Kazan and killed the city's population once taken.
Massacre of Novgorod1570Novgorod2,000-15,000Attack launched byTsarIvan IV (The Terrible)'soprichniki on the city ofNovgorod,Russia.
Fire of Moscow (1571)May 1571Moscow,Russia10,000-120,000Massacre conducted by Crimean, Nogai and Circassian forces.
Copper RiotAugust 4, 1662Moscow,RussiaAround 1,000Muscovites riot and demand thatTsar Aleksey Mikhailovich hand over a group of "traitors" thought responsible for economic hardship in the city. Troops under the command of the Tsar put down the riot.
Karamirzey MassacreApril 17, 1825Circassia1.700+The destruction of theCircassian village of Karamirzey by theImperial Russian Army during theRusso-Circassian War. The Russian forces carried outlooting, andarson.
Bezdna unrestApril 1861Biznä,Kazan Governorate50+Russian troops under the orders ofTsar Alexander II put down a peasant rebellion led by Anton Petrov. The rebels were protesting the details of theEmancipation reform of 1861.
Circassian genocide1800s–1870sCircassia1,500,000-2,000,000The Russian Empire ethnically cleansed theCircassian people. The survivors were exiled to the Ottoman Empire. The Circassian genocide is denied by the Russian government.
Uprising of Polish political exiles in SiberiaJune 24–28, 1866On theCircumbaikal Highway, south ofLake Baikal300Uprising by PolishSybiracy inSiberia put down by Russian troops. Leaders of the uprising are all killed.
Bloody SundayJanuary 22, 1905Saint Petersburg143–234Protesters led byRussian Orthodox priestGeorge Gapon were fired upon by theLeib Guard as they marched on theWinter Palace to petitionTsar Nicholas II.
Lena massacreApril 17, 1912northeast ofBodaybo150–270Shooting ofgoldfield workers on strike inSiberia.
White Terror1917–1923Nationwide

20,000-300,000

Red Terror1918–19Nationwide50,000-600,000InCrimea alone, 50,000 White PoWs and civilians were executed in 1920. 800,000 Red Army desertees were arrested and many were killed with their families.[citation needed]
Tambov Rebellion19 August 1920 – June 1921Tambov Governorate15,000+ (figure of deaths due to execution only)Total of 240,000[1] rebels and civilians killed by communist forces.
Katyn massacreApril–May 1940Katyn,Tver10,702 Polish military officers and intelligentsia POWs10,702 of the 22,000 victims of the Soviet-perpetrated massacre were murdered in Tver and Katyn.[2]
Medvedev Forest massacre11 September 1941Medvedev Forest, nearOryol157Soviet massacre of political prisoners
Rostov-on-Dov massacre1942–1943Zmievskaya Balka, Rostov-on-Don27,000 Jews and other Soviet CiviliansOrganized by Nazi forces; part of theHolocaust in Russia[3]
Nizhny Chir massacre [ru]2 September 1942Nizhny Chir,Stalingrad Oblast47Killing of 47 children with intellectual disabilities organized by Nazi forces[4][5]
Bolshoye Zarechye massacre [ru]30 October 1943Bolshoye Zarechye [ru],Leningrad Oblast66Soviet civilians were shot and burned alive by the German Army.[6][7]
Krasukha massacre [ru]27 November 1943Krasukha [ru],Pskov Oblast280Soviet civilians were burned alive by the German Army.[8]
Novocherkassk massacre2 June 1962Novocherkassk26 (officially)Soviet massacre of rallying unarmed civilians.

Post-Soviet Russia

[edit]
NameDateLocationDeathsDescription
1992 Tatarstan shootingApril 29, 1992Kazan,Tatarstan9Andrey Shpagonov killed nine people and wounded another while trying to steal firearms during a robbery. He was sentenced to death and executed in 1995.
Vyaznikovsky Colony riotJuly 6–7, 1993Vyaznikovsky District,Vladimir Oblast5Inmates rioted at a maximum security prison outside Moscow, the toll was five dead and 44 wounded[9][10]
1993 Russian constitutional crisisSeptember 21 – October 4, 1993Moscow147437 wounded
Shali cluster bomb attackJanuary 3, 1995Shali,Chechnya55–100Russian fighter jets droppedcluster munitions on the town ofShali. Targets included a school; cemetery, hospital, fuel station and a collective farm.
Samashki massacreApril 7–8, 1995Samashki,Chechnya250+The massacre of 100–300 civilians in the village ofSamashki by Russianparamilitary troops.
Budyonnovsk hospital hostage crisis14–19 June 1995Budyonnovsk,Stavropol Krai166Some 200 armed men under the command of Chechen warlordsShamil Basayev,Aslambek Abdulkhadzhiev and Aslambek Ismailov occupied key areas of the city ofBudyonnovsk. They took hostages and demanded the end of theFirst Chechen War.
Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisisJanuary 9–18, 1996Kizlyar and Pervomayskoye-Sovetskoye,Dagestan26+Forces led by warlordSalman Raduyev crossed over fromChechnya and took thousands of hostages inKizlyar. Most were released but at least 26 were killed and some 200 fighters on both sides died during the battle that followed.
Shatoy ambushApril 16, 1996Yarysh-mardy, Chechnya100–226Chechen rebels led byIbn al-Khattab ambushed and massacres a battalion of Russian soldiers
Kotlyakovskoya Cemetery bombingNovember 10, 1996Moscow14A bomb exploded at acemetery during afuneral for the president of theSoviet-Afghan war veterans group who had beenmurdered. The group had ties toorganized crime. The assailants were two former members of the group who had formed asplinter group.
1996 Kaspiysk bombingNovember 16, 1996Kaspiysk, Dagestan68Chechen terrorists bombed an apartment building killing 68 people including 21 children.
Killing of Red Cross workers at Novye AtagiDecember 17, 1996Novye Atagi,Chechnya7Unidentified men stormed aRed Cross facility in the village ofNovye Atagi. All 7 killed came from outsideRussia andChechnya.
1998 abduction of foreign engineers in ChechnyaOctober 3 – December 8, 1998Grozny, Ichkeria4About 20 Chechen separatists kidnapped four engineers, three British and one New Zealander. The bodies of the engineers were found on 8 December
1999 Vladikavkaz bombingMarch 19, 1999Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia–Alania52Four young Chechen men of the Chechen Repiublic of Ichkeria detonated a bomb in a crowded market, killing 52 people. They also committed two other bombings of a Russian military housing complex and a train station and also kidnapped four Russian soldiers later in 1999.
Russian apartment bombingsSeptember 4–16, 1999Buynaksk,Moscow andVolgodonsk293A number of bombs go off in high rise apartment buildings in three Russian cities. Another bomb was defused inRyazan. The Russian government blamed the breakawayRepublic of Chechnya but a number of conspiracies abound.
Tukhchar massacreSeptember 5, 1999Tukhchar,Novolaksky District, Dagestan6Mass execution of POWs byIslamic International Peacekeeping Brigade, One tape created in September 1999 showed six Russian servicemen, one as young as 19, being executed by Chechen militants[11]
Elistanzhi cluster bomb attackOctober 7, 1999Elistanzhi,Chechnya34TwoRussian Air ForceSukhoi Su-24 usecluster munitions on the remote mountain village of Elistanzhi. The local school is destroyed with 9 children inside.
Mikenskaya shootingOctober 8, 1999Mikenskaya,Naursky District, Ichkeria34+Ahmed Ibragimov shot 34 Russian inhabitants and wounded more than 20 others
Grozny ballistic missile attackOctober 21, 1999Grozny,Chechnya118[12]100 plus people die in indiscriminate bombing on the Chechen capital ofGrozny by theStrategic Missile Troops.
Baku–Rostov highway bombingOctober 29, 1999Shaami Yurt,Chechnya25Low flyingRussian Air Force helicopters perform repeated attack runs on a large numbers refugees trying to enterIngushetia.
1999 Grozny refugee convoy shootingDecember 3, 1999Goity,ChechnyaAround 40OMON officers use automatic rifles on a convoy of refugees at a federal roadblock on the road toIngushetia.
Alkhan-Yurt massacreDecember, 1999Alkhan-Yurt,Chechnya17–41Over two weeks drunken Russian troops under the command of GeneralVladimir Shamanov went on the rampage after taking the town from the forces ofAkhmed Zakayev.
Staropromyslovski massacreDecember 1999 – January 2000Grozny,Chechnya38–56Summary executions of at least 38 confirmed civilians byRussian federal soldiers inGrozny,Chechnya.
Bombing of Katyr-YurtFebruary 4, 2000Katyr-Yurt,Chechnya170–363Indiscriminate bombing by the Russian Air Force of the village of Katyr-Yurt and a refugee convoy under white flags.
Novye Aldi massacreFebruary 5, 2000Groznensky District,Chechnya60–82The killings, including executions, of 60 to 82 local civilians byspecial police unit,OMON, and rapes of at least six women along witharson and robbery inGrozny,Chechnya.
Komsomolskoye massacreMarch 20, 2000Komsomolskoye,Chechnya72Chechen combantants who surrendered after theBattle of Komsomolskoye on the public promise of amnesty are killed and "disappeared" shortly after.
June 2000 Chechnya suicide bombingsJune 6, 2000Chechnya,North Caucasian Federal District2 — Russia claimed

27 — rebels claimed

The 17-year-old Khava Barayeva (relative ofArbi Barayev), accompanied by 16-year-old Luiza Magomadova, drove a truck loaded with explosives through a checkpoint of an OMON base at Alkhan-Yurt in Chechnya. Barayeva detonated her bomb outside the barracks, killing a number of paramilitary police troops (rebels claimed up to 27 were killed, but the Russians claimed only two were killed and five were injured)
July 2000 Chechnya suicide bombingsJuly 2–3, 2000Chechnya, North Caucasian Federal District54 (48 soldiers, 6 bombers)Insurgents launched five suicide bomb attacks on theRussian military and police headquarters and barracks within 24 hours. Six bombers killed at least 37 Russian troops (with four more missing) and 11 civilians, and wounded more than 100 people
2001 Grozny Mi-8 crashSeptember 17, 2001Grozny, Chechnya13Asurface-to-air missile shot down aVIPMi-8 helicopter overGrozny, killingMajor-GeneralAnatoli Pozdnyakov, member of theGeneral Staff of theRussian Armed Forces, Major-GeneralPavel Varfolomeyev, deputy director of staff of theDefence Ministry of Russia, eightcolonels, and three crewmembers.
Tsotsin-Yurt operationDecember 30, 2001 - January 3, 2002Tsotsin-Yurt,Argun, Chechnya21+11+ disappeared
Nizhny Tagil mass murder (2002–2007)2002-2007Nizhny Tagil,Sverdlovsk Oblast30Murders of women by a gang of pimps between 2002 and 2005.
2002 Grozny OMON ambushApril 18, 2002Grozny, Chechnya21Insurgents killed 21 and wounded seven Chechen OMON officers in ambush
Kaspiysk bombingMay 9, 2002Kaspiysk,Dagestan44A bomb planted at a military parade to celebrateVictory Day goes off. The Russian state blamedRappani Khalilov.
Moscow theater hostage crisisOctober 23–26, 2002Moscow204Chechen terrorists under the command ofMovsar Barayev storm a theatre in Moscow and took hostages. They demanded an end to theSecond Chechen War. They killed some of the hostages and thenRussian special forces stormed the building.
2002 Grozny truck bombingDecember 27, 2002Grozny, Chechnya86Thetruck bombing of the Chechen parliament kills 83 people.
2003 Znamenskoye suicide bombingMay 12, 2003Znamenskoye,Nadterechny District, Chechnya62Three suicide bombers rammed a truck into a government building housing the regional headquarters of theFederal Security Service
2003 Tushino bombingJuly 5, 2003Tushino airfield, Moscow17Two female suicide bombers detonated during a rock festival at Tushino Airfield.
2003 Stavropol train bombingDecember 5, 2003Yessentuki,Stavropol Krai46A suicide bomber detonates a bomb on a commuter train.
2003 Red Square bombingDecember 9, 2003Moscow6A female suicide bomber detonates a bomb on a busy street near the Kremlin. The government blamesRiyad-us Saliheen.
Moscow Metro bombingFebruary 6, 2004Moscow41Anzor Izhayev blows himself up on the Russian Metro.
2004 Arkhangelsk explosionMarch 16, 2004Arkhangelsk,Arkhangelsk Oblast,Northwestern Federal District58Explosion intentionally caused by Sergey Alekseychik, 170 injured.[13]
2004 Grozny stadium bombingMay 9, 2004Grozny, Chechnya10A bomb exploded in the Dynamo stadium in the Chechen capital, killing the republic's presidentAkhmad Kadyrov. The explosion was caused by a bomb planted inside a concrete pillar and occurred at 10:35am during a parade and concert celebrating the 59th anniversary of the victory of Germany in World War 2. The blast tore a hole in the section designate for dignitaries. Khussein Isayev, chairman of the Republic's state council, and Adlan Khasanov, a reporter for Reuters, were also killed in the blast. Col. Gen. Valery Baranov, the commander of the Russian military in the northern Caucasus was gravely wounded. Although estimates of total casualties varied, at least ten people were killed and around fifty more injured. Officials believe that the blast was detonated by remote control and was intentionally installed below the VIP section. Rebel leader Shamil Basayev claimed responsibility for the blast.
2004 Nazran raidJune 21–22, 2004Nazran,Ingushetia92A group of Ingush and Chechen militants raided Ingushetia's largest city and attacked several government buildings. In total 92 people, almost all of them civilians and members of the security forces were killed.
2004 Russian aircraft bombings24 August 2004Tula andRostov Oblasts90Two airplanes that flew out ofDomodedovo International Airport in Moscow were destroyed by 2 Chechen female suicide bombers, killing all 90 people on both flights.
August 2004 Moscow Metro bombingAugust 31, 2004Moscow11A female suicide bomber blew herself up outside of the entrance to the Rizhshkaya subway station and the Krestovskiy shopping center. The explosive device was equivalent to 2 kg of TNT. The explosion was intended to occur inside the station, but the woman apparently was afraid of the police searching people and papers at the entrance to the station. The Islambouli Brigade of Martyrs claimed responsibility for the attack. 11 people were killed in the attack and at least fifty wounded. The suicide bomber was identified as Roza Magayeva, the sister of Aminat Nagayev who is believed to be responsible for one of the two airliner crashes on August 24. In a letter, Shamil Basayev claimed responsibility for the incident.
Beslan school hostage crisisSeptember 1, 2004Beslan,Republic of North Ossetia-Alania334Hostage taking of over 1,100 people ending with 333 people killed inBeslan,North Ossetia.
2004 Nalchik raidDecember 14, 2004Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria4Armed raid against headquarters of the regional branch of theFederal Drug Control Service (FSKN) in Nalchik by Yarmuk Jamaat
January 2005 Dagestan RaidsJanuary 15, 2005Makhachkala andKaspiysk, Daghestan10Russian security forces raid two Islamist safehouses in Makhachkala and Kaspiysk, 4 commandos died in the raids as did six militants.
Borozdinovskaya operationJune 4, 2005Borozdinovskaya,Shelkovsky District, ChechnyaAt least 1 killed,

at least 11 "disappeared"

Members of theSpecial Battalion Vostok, an ethnic ChechenSpetsnaz unit of the RussianGRU, killed or disappeared 12 people in the ethnic minority Avar village of Borozdinovskaya, near the border with the Dagestan.
Makhachkala Rus bombingJuly 1, 2005Makhachkala, Dagestan11Blast killed 10 soldiers and wounded 7.
2005 raid on NalchikOctober 13–14, 2005Nalchik,Kabardino-Balkaria142Several hundred militants belonging to theCaucasian Front andYarmuk Jamaat attack several targets across Nalchik, including several government buildings, police stations and the airport. In total, 142 people were killed in the attacks including at least 35 members of Russian security forces, at least 14 civilians and at least 89 militants.
2006 Moscow market bombingAugust 21, 2006Moscow13A bomb exploded atCherkizovsky Market, frequented byCentral Asian andCaucasian immigrants. The bombing killed 13 people and injured 47, Eight members from the groupThe Saviour were convicted for the bombing.
2006 Vladikavkaz Mi-8 crashSeptember 11, 2006Near Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia–Alania12AnMi-8 helicopter carrying 15 high ranking Russian officers was shot down, killing twelve of the helicopter's occupants. Ossetian rebel groupKataib al-Khoul claimed responsibility.
2007 Balashikha shootingApril 23, 2007Balashikha,Moscow Oblast4Alexander Levin shot four people.
2007 Zhani-Vedeno ambushOctober 7, 2007Zhani-Vedeno, Chechnya30At least four local troops killed and 16 hospitalized in the 2007 Zhani-Vedeno ambush. One militant died during the ambush.
Tolyatti bus bombingOctober 31, 2007Tolyatti,Samara Oblast8about 50 injured
Sochi bombingsApril 3, 2008 — February 20, 2009Sochi,Krasnodar Krai846 injured
2008 Vladikavkaz bombingNovember 6, 2008Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia12A bombing on amicrobus killed 11 people and injured 41 more. The attack occurred in the province of North Ossetia bordering war-scarred Chechnya as well as the disputed territory of South Ossetia. Investigators stated that a female suicide bomber may have conducted the attack
2009 Nazran bombingAugust 17, 2009Nazran,Ingushetia25At least 25 people were killed by a powerful bomb attack at apolice station
2009 Nevsky Express bombingNovember 27, 2009BetweenAlyoshinka andUglovka,Novgorod Oblast28A bomb detonated on a track and derailed a train of the Nevsky Express, travelling from Moscow to St Petersburg, killing 28 people and injuring up to another 96 No group has claimed responsibility, though Chechen separatists and rebels in the North Caucasus are believed to be the most likely perpetrators for this attack
2010 Moscow metro bombingMarch 29, 2010Moscow4040 killed and 102 injured as a result of two separate suicide bombings onMoscow metro
2010 Kizlyar suicide bombingsMarch 31, 2010Kizlyar, Dagestan12A suicide car bomber detonated outside the offices of the local interior ministry and theFSB intelligence agency. Another suicide bomber impersonating as a police officer then detonated 20 minutes later on the same street as a crowd gathered
2010 Stavropol bomb blastMay 26, 2010Stavropol,Stavropol Krai,840 injured
2010 Tsentoroy AttackAugust 29, 2010Tsentoroy, Chechnya33
2010 Vladikavkaz bombingSeptember 8, 2010Vladikavkaz,North Ossetia–Alania17 (including the perpetrator)A Suicide car bomber detonated his explosives killing at least 17 and injuring 161
Kushchyovskaya massacreNovember 2010Kushchyovsky District,Krasnodar Krai12The stabbing of 12 people (including four children) in the village ofKushchyovskaya.
Domodedovo International Airport bombingJanuary 24, 2011Domodedovo Airport,Domodedovsky District, Moscow Oblast38Suicide bombing in the international arrival hall of Moscow's busiest airport
2012 Makhachkala attackMay 3, 2012Makhachkala, Dagestan13-40100-130 injured
2012 Moscow shootingNovember 7, 2012Moscow6Dmitry Vinogradov shot and killed six people and wounded another at his workplace with a shotgun.
2013 Belgorod shootingApril 22, 2013Belgorod,Belgorod Oblast631-year-old Sergey Pomazun shot six people dead in agun store and thestreet. He was arrested the next day
October 2013 Volgograd bus bombingOctober 21, 2013Volgograd,Volgograd Oblast, Southern Federal District8 (including the perpetrator)A Female suicide bomber Naida Sirazhudinovna Asiyalova, who detonated an explosive belt inside a bus carrying approximately 40 people—predominantly students. The bombing killed seven civilians and injured at least 41 others
December 2013 Volgograd bombingsDecember 29–30, 2013Volgograd, Volgograd Oblast, Southern Federal District34 (including the perpetrators)85 injured
2014 Grozny bombingOctober 5, 2014Grozny, Chechnya6 (including the bomber)12 injured
2014 Grozny clashesDecember 4, 2014Grozny, Chechnya2614 policemen, 11 militants and 1 civilian were killed. Additionally 36 policemen were wounded in the incident. The Press House was also burned and severely damaged in the incident
Ivashevka massacreApril 24, 2016Ivashevka,Samara Oblast6
2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombingApril 3, 2017On aSaint Petersburg Metro train betweenSennaya Ploshchad andTekhnologichesky Institut stations,Saint Petersburg16 (including the perpetrator)A suicide bomber blew himself up on the St. Petersburg metro. The bomber was born inKyrgyzstan and had ties to radical Islamists, 64 injured
Kizlyar church shootingFebruary 18, 2018Kizlyar, Dagestan6 (including the perpetrator)Shooting at a church byIslamic State. The attacker was shot and killed by police
Kazan school shootingMay 11, 2021Jaudata Faizi Street, 8,Kazan, Tatarstan9A 19-year-old Ilnaz Galyaviev, who got expelled from his college, attacked his former school. He killed two teachers and seven eighth graders.
Perm State University shootingSeptember 20, 2021Perm State University,Perm,Perm Krai6An 18-year-old student Timur Bekmansurov opened fire near a Perm State University building and inside it. After several minutes he was shot by police and arrested
Veshkayma kindergarten shootingApril 26, 2022Veshkayma,Ulyanovsk Oblast5 (including the perpetrator and the gun's original owner)Ruslan Akhtyamov shot five people with a shotgun, killing four before committing suicide.
Izhevsk school shootingSeptember 26, 2022Pushkinskaya Ulitsa, 285,Izhevsk,Udmurtia19 (including the perpetrator)34-year old man with mental illness Artyom Kazantsev entered school No. 88 in Izhevsk, where he killed 11 students aged 7 to 15 and 7 workers of school, before committed suicide.
Soloti military training ground shootingOctober 15, 2022Soloti,Valuysky District,Belgorod Oblast13 (including both perpetrators)Two conscripts fromTajikistan opened fire, killing 11 people before being killed by returned fire
Crocus City Hall attackMarch 22, 2024Crocus City Hall,Krasnogorsk,Moscow Oblast145Several gunmen opened fire and used incendiary devices at a music venue
2024 Dagestan attacksJune 23, 2024Derbent,Sergokala andMakhachkala, Dagestan27[14] (including 5 perpetrators)Two synagogues, two Eastern Orthodox churches, and a traffic police post were attacked simultaneously with automatic weapons and Molotov cocktails.
Surovikino penal colony hostage crisisAugust 23, 2024IK-19 Surovikino penal colony,Surovikino, Volgograd Oblast13 (including four attackers)Four Islamic State attackers took at least four prison guards hostage. Thirteen people were killed, including five employees and all four attackers. Two others are injured

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Sennikov, B.V. (2004).Tambov rebellion and liquidation of peasants in Russia. Moscow:Posev [ru]. In Russian.ISBN 5-85824-152-2
  2. ^Zbrodnia katyńska (in Polish). Warszawa:IPN. 2020. p. 15.ISBN 978-83-8098-825-5.
  3. ^Nicholson, Katie; Seminoff, Corinne; Ho, Jason (March 22, 2021) [March 21, 2021]."Jews in Russian city scarred by WWII massacre watch Canada's decision on Nazi interpreter".CBC News.
  4. ^""Дядя, я хочу жить, не стреляйте в меня…". Расстрел детей Нижнечирского детского дома – СЕКРЕТЁВ.РФ".секретёв.рф (in Russian). 1 April 2016. Retrieved24 November 2023.{{cite web}}:Check|url= value (help)
  5. ^"В 1942 году эсэсовцы в станице Нижне-Чирской расстреляли 47 воспитанников детского дома: varjag2007su — LiveJournal" (in Russian). 23 November 2021. Retrieved24 November 2023.
  6. ^Vaschenkov, Pavel (24 March 2020)."Большое Заречье, деревня, которую безжалостно спалили до тла в 1943–м, остались только печи... – Pavel Vaschenkov – Дзен".dzen.ru (in Russian). Retrieved24 November 2023.
  7. ^"Здесь была жизнь: в Ленобласти зажгли лампады в память о жертвах "русской Хатыни" – деревни Большое Заречье – Online47.ru".online47.ru (in Russian). 28 October 2022. Retrieved24 November 2023.
  8. ^"79 лет прошло с массовой казни жителей деревни Красуха Порховского района – ПЛН".pln24.ru (in Russian). 27 November 2022. Retrieved24 November 2023.
  9. ^"Five killed, 44 injured in Russian prison riot – UPI Archives".United Press International. July 8, 1993. RetrievedNovember 3, 2023.
  10. ^"Последствия бунта в Вязниковской колонии – Газета Коммерсантъ № 129 (352) от 10.07.1993".Kommersant (in Russian). July 10, 1993. RetrievedNovember 3, 2023.
  11. ^"В селе Тухчар состоялось возложение венков к памятнику российских военнослужащих, погибших во время боевых действий в 1999 году - Информационный портал РИА "Дагестан"".riadagestan.ru (in Russian). 6 September 2019. Retrieved19 March 2024.
  12. ^Moscow, Maria Eismont Amelia Gentleman in (October 23, 1999)."Russians in disarray over Grozny strike" – via www.theguardian.com.
  13. ^"Взрыв в доме Архангельска 20 лет назад: хроника происшествия - 16 марта 2024 - 29.ру".29.ru (in Russian). 16 March 2024. Retrieved16 March 2024.
  14. ^"Число погибших в результате терактов в Дагестане выросло до 22 человек".www.kommersant.ru (in Russian). 2024-07-01.

Further reading

[edit]
Lists ofmassacres
By past country
or territory
By country
or territory
By conflict
By group
See also
Lists of massacres in Europe
Sovereign states
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recognition
Dependencies and
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