Themammal species ofBorneo include 288species ofterrestrial and 91 species ofmarine mammals recorded within the territorial boundaries ofBrunei ,Indonesia andMalaysia . The terrestrialmammals are dominated by thechiroptera (102 species ofbats ) androdents (61 species of rats and mice).
The highdiversity and endemicity of mammals is related to the many niches found in thetropical rain forest of Borneo and pastPleistocene events within theSundaland region. Duringinterglacial and post-glacial periods, there was migration of animal from the Asian mainland into Borneo and intoSulawesi via thePhilippines . Due to lack of favourable habitats and smallfounder population , some species of animals have becomeextinct and others have radiated into endemic species. Of the 57 mammal species that were identified from archaeological remains in theNiah Caves , Sarawak, 13 were bats. Four of these were megachiropterans,Pteropus vampyrus Rousettus amplexicaudatus Rousettus sp andEonycteris spelaea Peninsular Malaysia . The provisionallist of mammals of Borneo (sensu Lord Medway, Payneet al. , Corbet and Hill, Koopman, and Wilson and Reeder) are listed below. There are various conflicts in the taxonomic lists by previous authors, which need further field research for validation.
The following list gives the scientific name followed by the common names, description, ecology, conservation and distribution information.
[ edit ] Echinosorex gymnura Hylomys dorsalis Order: Soricomorpha [ edit ] Suncus murinus Suncus ater Suncus etruscus Crocidura monticola Crocidura fuliginosa Chimarrogale himalayica Ptilocercus lowii Tupaia glis Tupaia splendidula Tupaia montana Tupaia minor Tupaia gracilis Tupaia picta Tupaia dorsalis Tupaia tana Dendrogale melanura Large-sizedCynopterus brachyotis Cynopterus brachyotis Cynopterus sphinx Cynopterus horsfieldi Penthetor lucasi Megaerops ecaudatus Megaerops wetmorei Dyacopterus spadiceus Chironax melanocephalus Balionycteris maculata Aethalops aequalis Eonycteris spelaea Eonycteris major Macroglossus minimus Emballonura alecto Emballonura monticola Saccolaimus saccolaimus Taphozous melanopogon Taphozous longimanus Megaderma spasma Nycteris tragata Rhinolophus borneensis Rhinolophus pusillus Rhinolophus arcuatus Rhinolophus arcuatus Rhinolophus acuminatus Rhinolophus affinis Rhinolophus creaghi Rhinolophus philippinensis Rhinolophus trifoliatus Rhinolophus sedulus Hipposideros ater Hipposideros bicolor Hipposideros cineraceus Hipposideros dyacorum Hipposideros doriae Hipposideros ridleyi Hipposideros ridleyi Hipposideros cervinus Hipposideros galeritus Hipposideros coxi Hipposideros larvatus Hipposideros diadema Coelops robinsoni Myotis muricola Myotis ater Myotis montivagus Myotis siligorensis Myotis ridleyi Myotis horsfieldii Myotis hasseltii Myotis adversus Myotis macrotarsus Pipistrellus javanicus Pipistrellus tenuis Pipistrellus ceylonicus Hypsugo kitcheneri Falsistrellus petersi Arielulus cuprosus Hypsugo imbricatus Hypsugo macrotis Pipistrellus vordermanni Glischropus tylopus Philetor brachypterus Hesperoptenus doriae Hesperoptenus blanfordi Hesperoptenus tomesi Tylonycteris robustula Tylonycteris pachypus Scotophilus kuhlii Murina cyclotis Murina aenea Murina rozendaali Murina suilla Harpiocephalus harpia Kerivoula papillosa Kerivoula hardwickii Kerivoula pellucida Kerivoula intermedia Kerivoula minuta Kerivoula whiteheadi Kerivoula lenis Phoniscus jagorii Phoniscus atrox Miniopterus magnater Miniopterus schreibersi Miniopterus pusillus Miniopterus medius Miniopterus australis Cheiromeles torquatus Mops mops Chaerephon plicata TheHorsfield's tarsier in Sarawak is a protected species Nycticebus coucang Tarsius bancanus Presbytis hosei Presbytis rubicunda Presbytis chrysomelas Presbytis frontata Trachypithecus cristatus Nasalis larvatus Macaca fascicularis Macaca nemestrina Hylobates muelleri Hylobates albibarbis Pongo pygmaeus Ratufa affinis Callosciurus prevostii Callosciurus baluensis Callosciurus notatus Callosciurus adamsi Callosciurus orestes Sundasciurus hippurus Sundasciurus lowii Sundasciurus tenuis Sundasciurus jentinki Sundasciurus brookei Glyphotes simus Lariscus insignis Lariscus hosei Dremomys everetti Rhinosciurus laticaudatus Nannosciurus melanotis Exilisciurus exilis Exilisciurus whiteheadi Rheithrosciurus macrotis Petaurillus hosei Petaurillus emiliae Iomys horsfieldii Aeromys tephromelas Aeromys thomasi Petinomys hageni Petinomys genibarbis Petinomys setosus Petinomys vordermanni Hylopetes lepidus Hylopetes spadiceus Pteromyscus pulverulentus Petaurista petaurista Petaurista elegans Rattus rattus Rattus tiomanicus Rattus argentiventer Rattus baluensis Rattus exulans Rattus norvegicus Sundamys muelleri Sundamys infraluteus Niviventer cremoriventer Maxomys surifer Maxomys surifer Maxomys alticola Maxomys ochraceiventer Maxomys baeodon Maxomys whiteheadi Leopoldamys sabanus Lenothrix canus Mus musculus castaneus Mus caroli Chiropodomys gliroides Chiropodomys major Chiropodomys muroides Haeromys margarettae Trichys fasciculata Hystrix brachyura Hystrix crassispinis Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus Balaenoptera borealis Balaenoptera edeni Balaenoptera acutorostrata Megaptera novaeangliae Physeter macrocephalus Kogia breviceps Kogia simus Ziphius cavirostris Mesoplodon Orcaella brevirostris Peponocephala electra Feresa attenuata Pseudorca crassidens Orcinus orca Globicephala macrorhynchus Steno bredanensis Sousa chinensis Lagenodelphis hosei Delphinus delphis Tursiops truncatus Grampus griseus Stenella attenuata Stenella coeruleoalba Stenella longirostris Neophocaena phocaenoides Bay cat ,Catopuma badia EN [ 1] Sunda clouded leopard ,Neofelis diardi VU [ 2] Marbled cat ,Pardofelis marmorata NT [ 3] Flat-headed cat ,Prionailurus planiceps EN [ 4] Sunda leopard cat ,Prionailurus javanensis [ 2] Helarctos malayanus Martes flavigula Mustela nudipes Melogale everetti Mydaus javanensis Lutra sumatrana Lutra lutra Lutrogale perspicillata Aonyx cinereus Viverra tangalunga Prionodon linsang Paradoxurus hermaphroditus Paguma larvata Arctictis binturong Arctogalidia trivirgata Hemigalus derbyanus Diplogale hosei Cynogale bennettii Herpestes brachyurus Herpestes semitorquatus Order: Perissodactyla [ edit ] Bornean rhinoceros ,Dicerorhinus sumatrensis harrissoni . One individual found in eastern Kalimantan in 2016.Order: Artiodactyla [ edit ] Sus barbatus Tragulus javanicus Tragulus napu Muntiacus atherodes Muntiacus muntjak Rusa timorensis Rusa unicolor Bos javanicus [ 5] ^ Hearn, A.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Loken, B.; Ross, J.; Wilting, A. (2016)."Catopuma badia " .IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e.T4037A112910221. ^a b Jeffers, K. A.; Adul; Cheyne, S. M. (2019)."Small cat surveys: 10 years of data from Central Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo" .Journal of Threatened Taxa .11 (4):13478– 13491.doi :10.11609/jott.4466.11.4.13478-13491 ^ Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Datta, A.; Hearn, A.; Loken, B.; Lynam, A.; McCarthy, J.; Phan, C.; Rasphone, A.; Singh, P.; Wilting, A. (2016)."Pardofelis marmorata " .IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e.T16218A97164299. ^ Wilting, A.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Hearn, A.; Lynam, A.; Mathai, J.; McCarthy, J.; Meijaard, E.; Mohamed, A.; Ross, J.; Sunarto, S. & Traeholt, C. (2015)."Prionailurus planiceps " .IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e.T18148A50662095. ^ Gardner, P.; Hedges, S.; Pudyatmoko, S.; Gray, T.N.E.; Timmins, R.J. (2016)."Bos javanicus " .IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e.T2888A46362970.doi :10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T2888A46362970.en . Retrieved13 November 2021 . ^ Medway, L. (1977)."The Niah Excavations and an Assessment of the Impact of Early Man on Mammals in Borneo" (PDF) .Asian Perspectives .20 (1):51– 69. ^ Medway, L. (1977).Mammals of Borneo: field keys and an annotated checklist . Vol. 7. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. ^ Meijaard, E. (1999)."The Bornean Tiger; Speculation on its existence" .Cat News (30):12– 15.
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