List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust

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Name	Date of birth	Date of death	Age at death	Role	Fate
Adolf Hitler	April 20, 1889	April 30, 1945	56 years, 10 days	Leader of theNazi Party and theThird Reich	Committedsuicide bygunshot^[1]^[2]
Heinrich Himmler	October 7, 1900	May 23, 1945	44 years, 228 days	Reichsführer-SS Chief of German Police ReichMinister of the Interior	Arrested; committedsuicide by biting down on acyanide capsule
Hermann Göring	January 12, 1893	October 15, 1946	53 years, 276 days	Commander-in-Chief of theLuftwaffe President of the Reichstag Reichsminister of Aviation Established the Final Solution as official policy in July 1941.	Sentenced to death by hanging; committed suicide bycyanide poisoning hours before his execution
Reinhard Heydrich	March 7, 1904	June 4, 1942	38 years, 89 days	Chief of theReich Security Main Office (RSHA) Deputy Reich-Protector ofBohemia and Moravia (acting Protector)	Died ofsepsis caused by injuries sustained in anassassination attempt (Operation Anthropoid)
Adolf Eichmann	March 19, 1906	June 1, 1962	56 years, 74 days	Head of theGestapo Office of Jewish Affairs (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4). Charged by Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the mass deportations of Jews toghettos andextermination camps inEastern Europe.	Evaded arrest and escaped to Argentina in 1950. Discovered and kidnapped by Israeli agents in May 1960; subsequently brought to Israel, tried and executed by hanging in 1962.
Heinrich Müller	April 28, 1900	Unknown, but evidence points to May 1945	Unknown	SS-Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Polizei, Chief of theGestapo 1939–45	Disappeared; possibly killed in Berlin in May 1945 (unconfirmed)
Joseph Goebbels	October 29, 1897	May 1, 1945	47 years, 184 days	Chief Propagandist of the Nazi Party,Reich Minister of Propaganda Brief Chancellor of Germany	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Albert Speer	March 19, 1905	September 1, 1981	76 years, 166 days	Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production denied any involvement of knowledge of the Holocaust, letters found after his death proved he was aware amongst other crimes	Sentenced to 20 years in prison; released in 1966; died in 1981
Odilo Globocnik	April 21, 1904	May 31, 1945	41 years, 40 days	SS and Police Leader in theGeneral Government Head ofOperation Reinhard	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Theodor Eicke	October 17, 1892	February 26, 1943	50 years, 132 days	A major figure in the creation of theNazi concentration camps First commander ofSS Division Totenkopf, which became notorious for itswar crimes.	Killed in action
Richard Glücks	April 22, 1889	May 10, 1945	56 years, 18 days	Head of Concentration Camp Operations (Amt D: Konzentrationslagerwesen) in the SS Main Economic and Administrative Department (SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt)	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Albert Ganzenmüller	February 25, 1905	March 20, 1996	91 years, 23 days	Head ofDeutsche Reichsbahn and State Secretary inReich Ministry of Transport, involved with the mass deportations of German Jews to concentration camps and ghettos, also involved with the deportation of ghetto's residents to extermination camps	Died of natural causes
Ernst Kaltenbrunner	October 4, 1903	October 16, 1946	43 years, 12 days	Chief of theReich Security Main Office after Heydrich was assassinated	Executed by hanging
Hans Frank	May 23, 1900	October 16, 1946	46 years, 146 days	Governor-General of theGeneral Government	Executed by hanging
Karl Wolff	May 13, 1900	July 17, 1984	84 years, 66 days	Chief ofPersonal Staff Reichsführer-SS, liaison officer between SS and Adolf Hitler, Supreme SS and Police Leader in occupied Italy	Sentenced to 5 years in prison by a denazification court in 1948; released in 1949 after sentence reduced to 4 years; re-arrested in 1962; sentenced to 15 years in prison in 1964; released in 1971; died in 1984
Arthur Seyss-Inquart	July 22, 1892	October 16, 1946	54 years, 86 days	Reichskommissar ofthe Netherlands Deputy Governor-General of theGeneral Government, (October 12, 1939 – May 18, 1940)	Executed by hanging
Josef Bühler	February 16, 1904	August 22, 1948	44 years, 188 days	State Secretary and deputy toHans Frank, (May 18, 1940 – January 19, 1945)	Executed by hanging
Martin Bormann	June 17, 1900	May 2, 1945	44 years, 319 days	Head of the NaziParty Chancellery Private Secretary to Adolf Hitler	Sentenced to death by hangingin absentia; believed to have committed suicide to avoid capture in Berlin; the buried body was not found until 1972; the remains were conclusively identified in 1998.^[3]^[4]
Otto Georg Thierack	April 19, 1889	October 26, 1946	57 years, 190 days	Head ofNSRB, Minister of Justice in Saxony, President of theAcademy for German Law (20 August 1942 – 8 May 1945), Minister of Justice (24 August 1942 – 2 May 1945), Judge President of thePeople's Court, co-responsible for creating and establishing antisemitic and totalitarian laws that led to theFinal Solution and justified terror in occupied territories.	Committed suicide by poisoning himself
Kurt Daluege	September 15, 1897	October 24, 1946	49 years, 39 days	Chief of theOrdnungspolizei Deputy Reich-Protector ofBohemia and Moravia (acting Protector)	Executed by hanging
Oswald Pohl	June 30, 1892	June 7, 1951	58 years, 343 days	Chief of the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt (SS Main Economic and Administrative Department), the central SS financial office responsible for overall administration of the concentration camps. Directed the construction ofAuschwitz,Majdanek, andStutthof	Executed by hanging
Karl Hermann Frank	January 24, 1898	May 22, 1946	48 years, 118 days	State Secretary andSS and Police Leader inBohemia and Moravia	Executed by hanging
Alois Brunner	April 8, 1912	December 2001^[5] or December 2010^[6]	89 or 98	Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; organised the deportations of at least 140,000 Jews from France, Greece, Slovakia and Austria. Commandant of theDrancy internment camp.	Escaped to Egypt around 1954, then fled to Syria. Served as a consultant to the al-Assad regime on torture techniques; died in Syria of natural causes in December 2001
Theodor Dannecker	March 27, 1913	December 10, 1945	32 years, 258 days	Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; Head of theSD Hauptamt – Judenreferat (SD Head Office – Jewish Affairs Department) for Paris: September 1940 – July 1942 In charge of the Final Solution in Bulgaria, the Balkans and Hungary (from 1943)	Arrested by the U.S. military; committed suicide
Wilhelm Keitel	September 22, 1882	October 16, 1946	64 years, 24 days	Minister of War and chief of theSupreme Command of the Armed Forces	Executed by hanging. SeeWar crimes of the Wehrmacht.
Kurt Knoblauch	December 10, 1885	November 10, 1952	66 years, 336 days	Chief of theKommandostab Reichsführer-SS under Himmler. Coordinated Waffen-SS operations during thePripyat Marshes massacres	Sentenced to two years imprisonment in 1949; died in 1952.
Wilhelm Frick	March 13, 1877	October 16, 1946	69 years, 215 days	Reich Minister of the Interior (30 January - 20 August 1943), Reich Minister without Portfolio (24 August 1943 -30 April 1945),Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (24 August 1943 – 8 May 1945)	Executed by hanging
Hermann Höfle	June 19, 1911	August 20, 1962	51 years, 62 days	Coordinator ofOperation Reinhard	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Ante Pavelić	July 14, 1889	December 28, 1959	70 years, 167 days	Leader of theIndependent State of Croatia	Escaped to Argentina in 1948 via theratlines inSpain. Died from wounds sustained from an assassination attempt in 1957.
Bruno Tesch	August 14, 1890	May 16, 1946	55 years, 275 days	SoldZyklon B to the SS, knowing that it would be used to exterminate concentration camp prisoners	Executed by hanging
Karl Weinbacher	June 23, 1898	May 16, 1946	47 years, 327 days	SoldZyklon B to the SS, knowing that it would be used to exterminate concentration camp prisoners	Executed by hanging
Fritz ter Meer	July 4, 1884	October 27, 1967	83 years, 115 days	Member of the board ofIG Farben andBayer, co-responsible for creation ofMonowitz concentration camp and usage of slave labor	Spent 4 years in prison, died of natural causes.
Viktor Brack	November 9, 1904	June 2, 1948	43 years, 206 days	Organizer forAktion T4 Extensively involved in the process of establishment ofextermination camps forOperation Reinhard	Executed by hanging
Carl Oberg	January 27, 1897	June 3, 1965	68 years, 99 days	SS and Police Leader in Radom District (General Government) August 1941- May 1942,Higher SS and Police Leader in occupied France May 1942 - November 1944	Died of natural causes
Helmut Knochen	March 14, 1910	April 4, 2003	93 years, 21 days	Commandant ofSiPo andSD inParis, involved in mass deportations of theFrench Jews and also theFrench population in general	Sentenced to death in 1947 and 1954; commuted to life imprisonment; released in 1962; died in 2003
Walter Schimana	March 12, 1898	September 12, 1948	50 years, 184 days	SS and Police Leader in occupiedSoviet Union (centralRussia andBelarus),Higher SS and Police Leader in occupiedGreece	Committed suicide by hanging himself
Erwin Lambert	December 7, 1909	October 15, 1976	66 years, 313 days	Head of gas chamber construction duringOperation Reinhard	Served four years in prison after one trial, acquitted after a second trial on separate charges
Christian Wirth	November 24, 1885	May 26, 1944	58 years, 184 days	Inspector ofAktion T4 andOperation Reinhard; Commandant ofBełżec,March 17, 1942 – end ofAugust 1942	Assassinated
Rudolf Höss	November 25, 1901	April 16, 1947	45 years, 142 days	Commandant ofAuschwitz,May 4, 1940 – December 1, 1943,May 8, 1944 – January 18, 1945	Executed by hanging
Arthur Liebehenschel	November 25, 1901	January 24, 1948	46 years, 60 days	Commandant ofAuschwitz,December 1, 1943 – May 8, 1944 Commandant ofMajdanek,May 19, 1944 – July 22, 1944	Executed by hanging
Richard Baer	September 9, 1911	June 17, 1963	51 years, 279 days	Commandant ofAuschwitz, May 1944 – February 1945 Commandant ofMittelbau-Dora, February 1945 – April 1945	Arrested in 1960; died in prison while awaiting trial in 1963
Josef Kramer	November 10, 1906	December 13, 1945	39 years, 33 days	Commandant ofAuschwitz-Birkenau (1944) Commandant ofBergen-Belsen (1944–1945)	Executed by hanging
Martin Weiss	June 3, 1905	May 29, 1946	40 years, 360 days	Commandant ofDachau,January 3, 1942 – September 30, 1943 Commandant ofDachau,April 26, 1945 – April 28, 1945 Commandant ofNeuengamme,April 1940 – August 1942 Commandant ofMajdanek,November 1943 – May 1944	Executed by hanging
Hans Kammler	August 26, 1901	1945 (assumed)	44 years (assumed)	A deputy to Oswald Pohl inWVHA and chief of its Office C that was responsible for designing and building concentration camps, including gas chambers and crematoria.	Unknown
Alexander Piorkowski	October 11, 1904	October 22, 1948	44 years, 11 days	Commandant ofDachau, February 1940 – September 1942	Executed by hanging
Otto Förschner	November 4, 1902	May 28, 1946	43 years, 205 days	Commandant ofMittelbau-Dora, October 1944 – January 1945	Executed by hanging
Max Pauly	June 1, 1907	October 8, 1946	39 years, 129 days	Commandant ofStutthof, September 1939 – August 1942 Commandant ofNeuengamme, September 1942 – May 1945	Executed by hanging
Heinrich Schwarz	June 14, 1906	March 20, 1947	40 years, 279 days	Commandant ofMonowitz, Commandant ofNatzweiler-Struthof, February 1945 – April 1945	Executed by firing squad
Karl-Otto Koch	August 2, 1897	April 5, 1945	47 years, 246 days	Commandant ofBuchenwald, August 1, 1937 – September 1941 Commandant ofMajdanek, September 1941 – August 24, 1942	Executed by Nazi Germany for multiple "unauthorized murders" and embezzlement
Paul-Werner Hoppe	February 28, 1910	July 15, 1974	64 years, 196 days	Commandant ofStutthof concentration camp, September 1942 - April 1945	Arrested in Italy in 1946; escaped in 1949; re-arrested in 1953; sentenced to 5 years and three months in prison, later increased to nine years; released in 1960; died in 1974
Karl Chmielewski	July 16, 1903	December 1, 1991	88 years, 138 days	Commandant ofGusen concentration camp, 1940-1942, commandant ofHerzogenbusch concentration camp, 1943	Arrested in 1959 in West Germany, released in 1979 on health grounds. Died of natural causes
Hans Loritz	December 12, 1895	January 31, 1946	50 years, 50 days	Commandant of Esterwegen concentration camp, July 1934 - April 1936, commandant of Dachau, April 1936 - July 1939, commandant of Sachsenhausen, March 1940 - September 1942, commandant of several work camps in Norway, 1942 - 1945	Committed suicide in internment camp
Hermann Pister	February 21, 1885	September 28, 1948	63 years, 250 days	Commandant ofBuchenwald, August 1, 1937 – September 1941	Died awaiting execution
Irmfried Eberl	September 8, 1910	February 16, 1948	37 years, 161 days	Commandant ofTreblinka,July 11, 1942 – August 26, 1942	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Hans Bothmann	November 11, 1911	April 4, 1946	34 years, 144 days	Commandant ofChelmno,April 1942 – July 1944	Arrested by theBritish Army; committed suicide by hanging
Herbert Lange	September 29, 1909	April 20, 1945	35 years, 203 days	Commandant ofChelmno,December 1941 – March 1942	Killed in action during theBattle of Berlin
Franz Stangl	March 26, 1908	June 28, 1971	63 years, 94 days	Commandant ofSobibor,April 28, 1942 – August 30, 1942; Commandant ofTreblinka,September 1, 1942 – August 1943	Arrested onFebruary 28, 1967; sentenced to life imprisonment onOctober 22, 1970; died in prison
Kurt Franz	January 17, 1914	July 4, 1998	84 years, 168 days	Commandant ofTreblinka,August 1943 – October 19, 1943	Arrested onDecember 2, 1959; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1965; released on health grounds in 1993
Richard Thomalla	October 23, 1903	May 12, 1945	41 years, 201 days	In charge of construction for theOperation Reinhard death camps:Bełżec,Sobibor andTreblinka	Extrajudicially executed by theNKVD
Franz Reichleitner	December 2, 1906	January 3, 1944	37 years, 32 days	Commandant ofSobibor,September 1, 1942 – October 17, 1943	Killed in action
Gottlieb Hering	June 2, 1887	October 9, 1945	58 years, 129 days	Commandant ofBełżec, end ofAugust 1942 – June 1943	Died of mysterious health complications
Amon Göth	December 11, 1908	September 13, 1946	37 years, 276 days	Commandant ofKraków-Płaszów	Executed by hanging
Siegfried Seidl	August 24, 1911	February 4, 1947	35 years, 164 days	Commandant ofTheresienstadt,November 1941 – July 1943 Leading member of the Sondereinsatzkommando Eichmann, which organized the mass deportations of approximately 437,000 Hungarian Jews, hundreds of thousands of whom were sent toAuschwitz and gassed	Executed by hanging
Karl Rahm	April 2, 1907	April 30, 1947	40 years, 28 days	Commandant ofTheresienstadt, January 1944 – May 1945	Executed by hanging
Max Koegel	October 16, 1895	June 27, 1946	50 years, 254 days	Commandant ofRavensbrück,January 1940 – August 1942 Commandant ofMajdanek,August 1942 – November 1942 Commandant ofFlossenbürg,April 1943 – April 1945	Committed suicide by hanging
Fritz Suhren	June 10, 1908	June 12, 1950	42 years, 2 days	Commandant ofRavensbrück, August 1942 – April 1945	Executed by firing squad
Franz Ziereis	August 13, 1905	May 25, 1945	39 years, 285 days	Commandant ofMauthausen,February 1939-May 1945	Shot by American soldiers while trying to escape, died of his injuries the next day
Aleksander Laak	August 24, 1907	September 6, 1960	53 years, 13 days	Commandant ofJägala	Committed suicide by hanging in Canada, allegedly to protect his relatives from potential reprisals
Hans Aumeier	August 20, 1906	January 24, 1948	41 years, 157 days	Commandant ofVaivara, August 1943 – November 1943 Deputy commandant atAuschwitz	Executed by hanging
Hanns Rauter	February 4, 1895	March 24, 1949	54 years, 48 days	Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) for the Netherlands	Executed by firing squad
Walter Rauff	June 19, 1906	May 14, 1984	77 years, 330 days	Close aide ofReinhard Heydrich. Group Leader II D of the RSHA (technical matters). Designed gas vans to poison Jews, and persons with disabilities.Einsatzkommando leader in North Africa (1942–43), SS and Gestapo commander in northwest Italy (1943–45).	Arrested in Italy in 1945; escaped in 1946, fled to Syria in 1948, to Ecuador in 1949, to Chile in 1958. Extradition request by Germany denied by Chile in 1963 on the grounds of expired statute of limitations. Most wanted Nazi fugitive in the 1970s and 1980s. Died of natural causes in Chile in 1984.
Eduard Wirths	September 4, 1909	September 20, 1945	36 years, 16 days	Human medical experimentation, and formal responsibility of medical staff atAuschwitz	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Josef Mengele	March 16, 1911	February 7, 1979	67 years, 328 days	Human medical experimentation, particularly children, and selection of prisoners to be gassed atAuschwitz	Escaped to Brazil; evaded arrest and suffered a heart attack while swimming in 1979
Fritz Katzmann	May 6, 1906	September 19, 1957	51 years, 136 days	SS and Police Leader of theDistrict of Galicia Responsible for the establishment of theLwów Ghetto, which had a population of 120,000 Polish Jews, only 823 surviving after the war. SS and Police Leader ofRadom District In charge of the establishment of theRadom Ghetto, which enclosed about 33,000 Polish Jews, the majority of whom died.	Evaded arrest after the war and died in 1957
Philipp Bouhler	September 11, 1899	May 19, 1945	45 years, 250 days	Chief of theChancellery of the Führer of the NSDAP, Director ofAktion T4	Arrested; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Karl Brandt	January 8, 1904	June 2, 1948	44 years, 146 days	Co-director ofAktion T4 Conducted human medical experimentation	Executed by hanging
Werner Heyde	April 25, 1902	February 13, 1964	61 years, 294 days	Senior medical expert forAktion T4	Arrested in 1945; escaped custody in 1947; turned himself in 1959; committed suicide while awaiting trial in 1964
Paul Nitsche	November 25, 1876	March 25, 1948	71 years, 121 days	Senior medical expert forAktion T4	Executed by guillotine
Ernst-Robert Grawitz	June 8, 1899	April 24, 1945	45 years, 320 days	Involved inAktion T4 and human medical experimentation in concentration camps	Committed suicide
Karl Gebhardt	November 23, 1897	June 2, 1948	50 years, 192 days	Oversaw human medical experimentation of concentration camp inmates atRavensbrück andAuschwitz	Executed by hanging
Wilhelm Harster	July 21, 1904	December 25, 1991	87 years, 157 days	Commander of the Security Police (SiPo) and SD (Kraków, 1939–40; Netherlands, 1940–43; Italy, 1943–45). Responsible for the deaths of at least 104,000 Jews.	Arrested in 1945 and transferred to Dutch custody. Tried and sentenced to 12 years imprisonment in 1949; served six years; deported to West Germany in 1955. Arrested and tried in 1967. Sentenced to 15 years imprisonment, but sentence commuted and released in 1969.
Karl Frenzel	August 28, 1911	September 2, 1996	85 years, 5 days	Commandant of Camp I (forced labor camp) atSobibor	Arrested onMarch 22, 1962; sentenced to life imprisonment onDecember 20, 1966; released on health grounds in 1982
Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski	March 1, 1899	March 8, 1972	73 years, 7 days	In charge ofNazi security warfare	Arrested in 1945; released in 1949; sentenced to 10 years imprisonment, which he served under house arrest; sentenced to 4.5 years imprisonment in 1958; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1961; died in prison in 1972
Herbert Backe	May 1, 1896	April 6, 1947	50 years, 340 days	Minister of Food and Agriculture, responsible for theHunger Plan	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Hermann Fegelein	October 30, 1906	April 28, 1945	38 years, 180 days	Responsible for thePripyat Marshes massacres	Executed by Nazi Germany for desertion after trying to flee fromBerlin in April 1945
Oskar Dirlewanger	September 26, 1895	June 7, 1945	49 years, 254 days	Commander of theDirlewanger Brigade	Arrested, then beaten to death by Polish guards while in custody
Bronislav Kaminski	June 16, 1899	August 28, 1944	45 years, 73 days	Commander of theKaminski Brigade	Executed by Nazi Germany after being court-martialed for looting
Jürgen Stroop	September 26, 1895	March 6, 1952	56 years, 162 days	Suppression and destruction of theWarsaw Ghetto Uprising	Executed by hanging
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg	March 17, 1897	September 20, 1944	47 years, 187 days	SS and Police Leader of the Warsaw area from 1941–43 Responsible for theGrossaktion Warsaw, the single most deadly operation against the Jews in the course of the Holocaust in occupied Poland, which entailed sending between 254,000 and 265,000 men, women and children aboard overcrowded Holocaust trains toTreblinka Leading figure in the destruction of theWarsaw Ghetto Uprising	Assassinated
Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger	February 27, 1894	May 9, 1945	51 years, 71 days	HigherSS and Police Leader (HSPPF) inoccupied Poland	Committed suicide
Wilhelm Koppe	June 15, 1896	July 2, 1975	79 years, 17 days	SS and Police Leader inReichsgau Wartheland (September 1939 - October 1943)Supreme SS and Police Leader inGeneral Government(October 1943 - 1945)	Died of natural causes
Friedrich Jeckeln	February 2, 1895	February 3, 1946	51 years, 1 day	Higher SS and Police Leader in Russia-South; Russia-North Responsible forRumbula,Babi Yar, andKamianets-Podilskyi massacres	Executed by hanging
Karl Eberhard Schöngarth	April 22, 1903	May 16, 1946	43 years, 24 days	Commanded multipleEinsatzgruppen units in Poland Commander of the BdS in the Netherlands (September 1944– May 1945)	Executed by hanging
Kurt Eberhard	September 12, 1874	September 8, 1947	72 years, 361 days	Military governor of German-occupiedKyiv Responsible for theBabi Yar massacre	Arrested; committed suicide
Walter von Reichenau	October 8, 1884	January 17, 1942	57 years, 101 days	Issued theSeverity Order Responsible for theBabi Yar andBila Tserkva massacres	Died after having a stroke, then suffering injuries in a plane crash
Hans Krueger	July 1, 1909	February 8, 1988	78 years, 222 days	Commandant of theStanisławów Ghetto Responsible for theStanislawow Ghetto massacre	Arrested in 1945; released in 1948; re-arrested in 1962; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1968; released on health grounds in 1986; died in 1988
Hans-Adolf Prützmann	August 31, 1901	May 16, 1945	43 years, 258 days	Supreme SS and Police Leader of Ukraine Higher SS and Police Leader of Russia-North; Russia-South Oversaw the activities of theEinsatzgruppen detachments that perpetrated the Holocaust in the Baltic States and Ukraine	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning while in Allied custody
Bruno Streckenbach	February 7, 1902	October 28, 1977	75 years, 263 days	Trained theEinsatzgruppen Commander ofEinsatzgruppe I in PolandSupp	Served 10 years in Soviet custody, but never tried; released onOctober 10, 1955
Ludwig Hahn	January 23, 1908	November 10, 1986	78 years, 291 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 1/I,Poland Suppression of theWarsaw Ghetto Uprising Suppression of theWarsaw Uprising	Arrested in 1960; released in 1961; briefly re-arrested in 1965 and 1966; arrested for the last time in 1972; sentenced to 12 years in prison in 1973; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1975; released on health grounds in 1983; died in 1986
Hans Biebow	December 18, 1902	June 23, 1947	45 years, 97 days	Chief of German administration of Litzmannstadt (Łódź) Ghetto	Executed by hanging
Karl Brunner	July 26, 1900	December 7, 1980	80 years, 134 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 4/I,Poland	Never prosecuted
Emanuel Schäfer	April 20, 1900	December 4, 1974	74 years, 228 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe II,Poland Commander of the BdS in Serbia, (January 6, 1942 – December 1944)	Sentenced to 21 months in prison by a denazification court in 1951; released in 1953. Sentenced to a further 6.5 years in prison in June 1953; released in 1956.
Friedrich Suhr	May 6, 1907	31 May, 1946	39 years, 25 days	Member of Gestapo Referat IVb (Jewish affairs) Commander of Sonderkommando 4b in Einsatzgruppe C, November 1942 - August 1943Commander of Einsatzkommando 6, August 1943 - November 1943,Commander of Sipo and SD in occupied France, December 1943 -December 1944	Committed suicide in prison
Lothar Beutel	May 6, 1902	May 16, 1986	84 years, 10 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe IV,Poland(1/2)	Served 10 years in Soviet custody, but never tried; released in October 1955. Arrested and charged in West Germany in 1965; released on bail in 1967; charges dropped in 1971; died in 1986.
Josef Albert Meisinger	September 14, 1899	March 7, 1947	47 years, 174 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe IV,Poland(2/2) Commander of the state police in Warsaw	Executed by hanging
Ernst Damzog	October 30, 1882	July 24, 1945	62 years, 267 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe V,Poland	Died under unclear circumstances
Gerhard Flesch	October 18, 1909	February 28, 1948	38 years, 133 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2/VI,Poland	Executed by firing squad
Franz Walther Stahlecker	October 10, 1900	March 23, 1942	41 years, 164 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,June 22, 1941–March 23, 1942(1/5)	Killed in action
Heinz Jost	July 9, 1904	November 12, 1964	60 years, 126 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,March 29, 1942–September 2, 1942(2/5)	Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1948; commuted to 10 years; released in December 1951; died in 1964
Humbert Achamer-Pifrader	November 21, 1900	April 25, 1945	44 years, 155 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,September 10, 1942–September 4, 1943(3/5)	Killed in air raid
Herbert Böttcher	April 24, 1907	June 12, 1950	43 years, 49 days	LastSS and Police Leader in District Radom inGeneral Government, May 12, 1942 - January 16, 1945.	Executed by hanging
Friedrich Panzinger	February 1, 1903	August 8, 1959	56 years, 188 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,September 5, 1943–May 6, 1944(4/5) Last chief of theKripo(2/2)	Arrested by the Soviets 1946, sentenced to 25 years in prison; released in 1955; re-arrested in 1959; committed suicide
Wilhelm Fuchs	September 1, 1898	January 24, 1947	48 years, 145 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,May 6, 1944–October 10, 1944(5/5) Commander ofEinsatzkommando 3,September 15, 1943–May 27, 1944 Commander ofEinsatzgruppe E, Croatia, October 1944–November 1944(3/3) Commander of the BdS in Serbia, (1941 – January 1942)	Executed by hanging
Eduard Strauch	August 17, 1906	September 15, 1955	49 years, 29 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2,Latvia,November 4, 1941–December 2, 1941(2/6) Commander ofSonderkommando 1b,March 1942–August 1942(3/4) Responsible forRumbula massacre	Sentenced to death by an American military court in 1948, then transferred to Belgium, where he received another death sentence. Strauch was never executed and died in custody.
Rudolf Lange	April 18, 1910	February 23, 1945	34 years, 311 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2,Latvia,December 3, 1941–1944	Believed to have been killed in action
Karl Jäger	September 20, 1888	June 22, 1959	70 years, 275 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 3,Lithuania,June 1941–August 1, 1943	Discovered and arrested in 1959; committed suicide while awaiting trial
Hermann Schaper	August 12, 1911	deceased after 2002	over 90 years	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Poland	Arrested in 1964; released due to insufficient evidence
Arthur Nebe	November 13, 1894	March 21, 1945	50 years, 128 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,June 1941–November 1941(1/5) Chief of theKripo(1/2) President ofInterpol	Executed byNazi Germany for involvement in the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler
Erich Naumann	April 29, 1905	June 7, 1951	46 years, 40 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe VI,Poland Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,November 1941–March 1943(2/5) Commander of the BdS in the Netherlands, September 1943–July 1944	Executed by hanging
Horst Böhme	August 24, 1909	April 10, 1945	35 years, 229 days	Lidice Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,March 12, 1943–August 28, 1943,August 12, 1944(3/5) and(4/5) Commander ofEinsatzgruppe C,north and central Ukraine,September 6, 1943–March 1944(3/3)	Presumed killed in action inKönigsberg,East Prussia; officially declared dead in 1954
Erich Ehrlinger	October 14, 1910	July 31, 2004	93 years, 291 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,August 28, 1943–April 1944(4/5); Commander ofSonderkommando 1b,June 1941–November 1941	Arrested inDecember 1958; sentenced to 12 years imprisonment
August von Meyszner	August 3, 1886	January 24, 1947	61 years,174 days	Commander ofOrpo inoccupied Norway 1940-1942 Higher SS and Police Leader inGerman-occupied territory of Serbia 1942-1944	Execution by hanging
Heinrich Seetzen	June 22, 1906	September 28, 1945	39 years, 98 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,April 28, 1944–August 1944(5/5); Commander ofEinsatzkommando 10a, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus,June 1941–July 1942	Arrested in September 1945; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Otto Bradfisch	May 10, 1903	June 22, 1994	91 years, 43 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 8,Belarus,June 1941–April 1, 1942	Arrested onApril 21, 1958; sentenced to 13 years imprisonment in 1963; released in 1969; died in 1994
Otto Rasch	December 7, 1891	November 1, 1948	56 years, 330 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe C,north and central Ukraine,June 1941–October 1941(1/3) Responsible for theBabi Yar massacre	Arrested; removed from trial on health grounds in February 1948; died in November 1948
Paul Blobel	August 13, 1894	June 7, 1951	56 years, 298 days	Commander ofSonderkommando 4a,north and central Ukraine, June 1941–13 January 1942(1/5), commander of theSonderaktion 1005 project Responsible for theBabi Yar andBila Tserkva massacres	Executed by hanging
Otto Ohlendorf	February 4, 1907	June 7, 1951	44 years, 124 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine,the Crimea, and north Caucasus,June 1941–July 1942(1/2)	Executed by hanging
Walther Bierkamp	December 17, 1901	May 15, 1945	43 years, 149 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine,the Crimea, and north Caucasus,July 1942–March 1943(2/2)	Committed suicide
Rolf Günther	January 8, 1913	August 1945	32 years	Deputy ofAdolf Eichmann, head ofsection IV B4 a (Evacuations) of Gestapo, co-responsible for deportations of Jews fromSalonika	Committed suicide
Josef Witiska	July 5, 1894	October 16, 1946	52 years, 103 days	Commander ofEinsatzgruppe H in Slovakia, September – November 1944 Commander of SiPo and SD (BdS), Slovakia, November 1944 – May 1945 Transported over 14,000 Slovaks to the death camps	Committed suicide
Bruno Müller	September 13, 1905	March 1, 1960	54 years, 170 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2/I,Poland Commander ofEinsatzkommando 11b,south Ukraine andthe Crimea,July 1941–October 1941	Sentenced to 20 years in prison for unrelated crimes in 1948; released in 1953; died in 1960
Werner Braune	April 11, 1909	June 7, 1951	42 years, 58 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 11b,south Ukraine andthe Crimea,October 1941–September 1942	Executed by hanging
Rudolf Batz	November 10, 1903	February 8, 1961	57 years, 90 days	Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2 OversawEinsatzgruppen killings in the Baltic States	Arrested in 1961; committed suicide while awaiting trial
Joachim Hamann^[7]	May 18, 1913	July 13, 1945	32 years, 56 days	Commander ofRollkommando Hamann, a small mobile unit established by him that murdered an estimated 60,000 Latvian Jews in massacres across occupied territory	Committed suicide
Ernst Girzick	October 17, 1911	March 4, 1977	65 years	Head of Central Office for the Settlement of the Jewish Question in Bohemia and Moravia, Member ofEichmann-Kommando in Budapest.	Sentenced to 15 years in prison in 1948; released in 1953; died in 1960
Franz Novak	January 10, 1913	October 21, 1983	70 years	Railway and transportation expert in Eichmann's Office of Jewish Affairs. Member of theEichmann-kommando responsible for the deportation ofHungarian Jews.	Died of natural causes
Ernst Boepple	November 30, 1887	December 15, 1950	63 years, 15 days	Deputy toJosef Bühler and State Secretary in General Government inoccupied Poland, co-responsible for the policy of terror, deportations toconcentration camps and forced labor.	Executed by hanging
Gustav Lombard	April 10, 1895	September 18, 1992	97	Commander of8th SS Cavalry Division Florian Geyer, in this position he took part inPripyat Marshes massacres	Sentenced to 25 years in prison in 1947; released in 1955; died in 1992
Anton Burger	November 19, 1911	December 25, 1991	80 years	Judenreferent in Greece Commandant ofTheresienstadt concentration camp July 3, 1943 - February 7, 1944	Died of natural causes
Wolfgang Birkner	October 27, 1913	March 24, 1945	31 years, 148 days	Commander ofKommando Bialystok, a small mobile unit which murdered at least 1,800 Polish Jews	Killed in action
Otto Wächter	July 8, 1901	July 14, 1949	48 years, 6 days	Governor ofDistrict of Kraków andDistrict of Galicia inGeneral Government	Died reportedly from kidney disease as a fugitive
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel	January 2, 1886	August 30, 1944	58 years, 241 days	Ordered the mass deportations of Jews in France as a reprisal policy Collaborated with theEinsatzgruppen for reprisals against Jews in Ukraine	Executed byNazi Germany for involvement in the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler
Erich Hoepner	September 14, 1886	August 8, 1944	57 years, 329 days	Heavily collaborated withEinsatzgruppe A Carried out orders to summarily execute Communist officials under theCommissar Order	Executed byNazi Germany for involvement in the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler
Hans Graf von Sponeck	February 12, 1888	July 23, 1944	56 years, 154 days	Collaborated withEinsatzgruppe D	Imprisoned byNazi Germany after disobeying orders, then executed in the aftermath of the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler
Eduard Wagner	April 1, 1894	July 23, 1944	50 years, 113 days	Drew up regulations that allowed German soldiers to take hostages from civilian population and execute them as response to resistance Drew up the regulations withReinhard Heydrich to ensure the Wehrmacht's cooperation with theEinsatzgruppen in the murders of Soviet Jews Created and implemented deliberate starvation policies against Soviet prisoners of war	Committed suicide in the aftermath of the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler
Ulrich Greifelt	December 8, 1896	February 6, 1949	52 years, 60 days	Responsible for the mass expulsions of non-Germans, as well as a directive ordering the mass abductions of children suspecting of being ethnic Germans	Died in prison
Maria Mandel	January 10, 1912	January 24, 1948	36 years, 14 days	Commandant of female camp atAuschwitz	Executed by hanging
Fritz Hartjenstein	July 3, 1905	October 20, 1954	49 years, 109 days	Commandant ofAuschwitz-Birkenau Commandant ofNatzweiler-Struthof, May 9, 1944 – January 1945	Died awaiting execution
Johann Schwarzhuber	August 29, 1904	May 3, 1947	42 years, 247 days	Commandant of men's camp atAuschwitz, and selection of prisoners to be gassed atAuschwitz Commandant ofBirkenau	Executed by hanging
Martin Weiss	February 21, 1903	September 30, 1984	81 years, 222 days	Commander of theVilna Ghetto Commander of theYpatingasis būrys killing squad, which was largely responsible for thePonary massacre where approximately 100,000 people were shot, including 70,000 Jews.	Arrested in 1949; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1950; sentence suspended in 1971 and revoked in 1977; died in 1984
Eduard Roschmann	November 25, 1908	August 8, 1977	68 years, 256 days	Commandant of theRiga Ghetto	Arrested in 1945 but released early; fled to Argentina and subsequently escaped prosecution; died in 1977
Otto-Heinrich Drechsler	April 1, 1895	May 5, 1945	50 years, 34 days	General Commissioner for Latvia for Nazi Germany's occupation regime (Reichskommissariat Ostland) Major figure in the establishment of theRiga Ghetto	Taken into British custody; committed suicide
Friedrich Buchardt	March 17, 1909	December 28, 1982	73 years	Commandant ofVorkomando Moskau, a section ofEinsatzgruppe B, later worked in SD headquarters in occupiedŁódź and again as commandant ofEinsatzkommando 9, another section of Einsatzgruppe B operating nearVitebsk	Died of natural causes
Franz Murer	January 24, 1912	January 5, 1994	81 years, 346 days	Responsible for the establishment of theVilna Ghetto, which hosted a population of about 55,000 Jews, none of whom survived after the war Effectively ruled the ghetto until July 23, shortly before its liquidation	Arrested in 1947 and deported to the Soviet Union in January 1948; sentenced to 25 years in hard labor; released in 1955 due to theAustrian State Treaty. Arrested and prosecuted again in 1963 due to the intervention of the famous Nazi hunterSimon Wiesenthal; acquitted on all charges and died in 1994.
Franz Josef Huber	January 22, 1902	January 30, 1975	73 years, 8 days	Inspector ofSiPo (Security Police) and SD for Vienna, the "Upper" and "Lower Danube" regions; formal chief of theCentral Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna. Responsible for the mass deportations of tens of thousands of Austrian Jews	Died in 1975 without being prosecuted for any crimes
Edmund Veesenmayer	November 12, 1904	December 23, 1977	73 years, 42 days	Reich plenipotentiary to Hungary after the occupation of the country Helped establish theUstaše-led Independent State of Croatia Assisted in the deportations of 300,000 Hungarian Jews toAuschwitz	Arrested in 1945; sentenced to 20 years imprisonment in 1949; sentence commuted to 10 years imprisonment in 1951; released December, 1951; died in 1977
Jozef Tiso	October 13, 1887	April 18, 1947	59 years, 187 days	Leader of theState of Slovakia	Executed by hanging
Alexander Mach	October 11, 1902	October 15, 1980	78 years, 4 days	Head of theHlinka Guard, one of the leading forces in the extermination of 68,000–71,000 Slovak Jews during the Holocaust in Slovakia	Sentenced to 30 years imprisonment; released in 1968; died in 1980
Vojtech Tuka	July 4, 1880	August 20, 1946	66 years, 47 days	Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak State Leading figure in the mass deportations of Slovak Jews to Nazi concentration camps	Executed by hanging
Ludwig Fischer	April 6, 1905	March 8, 1947	41 years, 336 days	Governor of the Warsaw District Responsible for the establishment of theWarsaw Ghetto, the largest ghetto ever built by the Nazis	Executed by hanging
Jakob Sporrenberg	September 16, 1902	December 6, 1952	50 years, 91 days	Oversaw and implementedOperation Harvest Festival	Executed by hanging
Albert Forster	July 26, 1902	February 28, 1952	49 years, 217 days	Reichsstatthalter and Gauleiter ofReichsgau Danzig-West Prussia Incited themassacres in Piaśnica	Executed by hanging
Arthur Greiser	January 22, 1897	July 21, 1946	49 years, 180 days	Reichsstatthalter and Gauleiter ofReichsgau Wartheland	Executed by hanging
Josef Bürckel	March 30, 1895	September 28, 1944	49 years, 182 days	Influential in the rise of the Nazi movement Responsible for the establishment of theCentral Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna Gauleiter of Vienna Governor of the Vienna region Gauleiter ofGau Westmark	Died because of ill health
Ferdinand aus der Fünten	December 17, 1909	April 19, 1989	79 years, 123 days	Head of theCentral Office for Jewish Emigration in Amsterdam	Sentenced to death in 1950, which was commuted to life in imprisonment in 1951; released on health grounds in 1989; died later that year
Erich Koch	June 19, 1896	November 12, 1986	90 years, 146 days	Gauleiter ofEast Prussia Chief of Civil Administration (Chef der Zivilverwaltung) ofBezirk Bialystok Reich Commissioner for Ukraine (Reichskommissariat Ukraine)	Arrested by the British in 1949, and extradited to Poland in 1950. Sentenced to death in 1959, which was commuted to life imprisonment in 1960; died in prison in 1986.
Hinrich Lohse	September 2, 1896	February 25, 1964	67 years, 176 days	Gauleiter ofSchleswig-Holstein Reich Commissioner for Ostland (Reichskommissariat Ostland)	Arrested by the British in 1945; sentenced to 10 years in prison in 1948; released due to ill health in 1951; died in 1964
Viktors Arājs	January 13, 1910	January 13, 1988	78 years	Leader of theArajs Kommando, which murdered half of Latvia's Jewish population	Held in a British internment camp until 1949; evaded prosecution until 1979 when convicted for his involvement in theRumbula massacre and sentenced to life imprisonment; died in prison in 1988.
Fritz Dietrich	August 6, 1898	October 22, 1948	50 years, 77 days	Commander of SS police inLiepāja Responsible forLiepāja massacres	Executed by hanging
Jonas Noreika	October 8, 1910	February 26, 1947	36 years, 141 days	Responsible forPlungė massacre	Executed by shooting
Ion Antonescu	June 14, 1882	June 1, 1946	63 years, 352 days	Leader of Romania during World War II Responsible for theOdessa massacre, deportations toTransnistria, and theIași pogrom	Executed by firing squad
Pierre Laval	June 28, 1883	October 15, 1945	62 years, 109 days	Prime Minister ofVichy France	Executed by firing squad
Philippe Pétain	April 24, 1856	July 23, 1951	95 years, 90 days	Chief ofVichy France	Sentenced to death in 1945, but had his sentence commuted to life imprisonment due to his World War I service and old age; died in custody in 1951
Benito Mussolini	July 29, 1883	April 28, 1945	61 years, 273 days	Prime Minister ofFascist Italy Duce of theItalian Social Republic	Executed by firing squad
Vidkun Quisling	July 18, 1887	October 24, 1945	58 years, 98 days	Prime Minister ofGerman-occupied Norway	Executed by firing squad
Josef Terboven	May 23, 1898	May 8, 1945	46 years, 350 days	Reichkommissar ofGerman-occupied Norway	Committed suicide
Werner Best	July 10, 1903	June 23, 1989	85 years, 348 days	Chief of Department 1 of theGestapo; initiated a registry of all Jews in Germany Deputy to Reinhard Heydrich	Sentenced to death in 1948, later to 12 years imprisonment; released in 1951; held in detention in 1958 and charged again of war crimes in 1972; died in 1989 without serving time in prison a second time
Gustav Simon	August 2, 1900	December 18, 1945	45 years, 138 days	Chief ofGerman-occupied Luxembourg	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Vjekoslav Luburić	March 6, 1914	April 20, 1969	55 years, 45 days	Croatian Ustaše official who headed the system of concentration camps in theIndependent State of Croatia (NDH) during much ofWorld War II	Murdered in exile
Kurt Lischka	August 16, 1909	May 16, 1989	79 years, 273 days	Chief of theGestapo and commander of theSiPo and theSD in Paris Responsible of the single largest mass deportation of French Jews in Occupied France	Sentenced in 1980 to ten years imprisonment; released early on health grounds and died in 1989
Enno Lolling	June 19, 1888	May 27, 1945	56 years, 342 days	Chief medical officer of all SS concentration camps. Involved inhuman experimentation	Committed suicide
Ferenc Szálasi	Jan 6, 1897	Mar 12, 1946	49 years, 65 days	Leader of the HungarianGovernment of National Unity from 1944-1945. Deported tens of thousands of Jews to Nazi concentration camps	Executed by hanging

Name

Photograph

Date of birth

Date of death

Age at death

Role

Fate

Adolf Hitler

April 20, 1889

April 30, 1945

56 years, 10 days

Leader of theNazi Party and theThird Reich

Committedsuicide bygunshot^[1]^[2]

Heinrich Himmler

October 7, 1900

May 23, 1945

44 years, 228 days

Reichsführer-SS

Chief of German Police
ReichMinister of the Interior

Arrested; committedsuicide by biting down on acyanide capsule

Hermann Göring

January 12, 1893

October 15, 1946

53 years, 276 days

Commander-in-Chief of theLuftwaffe
President of the Reichstag
Reichsminister of Aviation
Established the Final Solution as official policy in July 1941.

Sentenced to death by hanging; committed suicide bycyanide poisoning hours before his execution

Reinhard Heydrich

March 7, 1904

June 4, 1942

38 years, 89 days

Chief of theReich Security Main Office (RSHA)

Deputy Reich-Protector ofBohemia and Moravia (acting Protector)

Died ofsepsis caused by injuries sustained in anassassination attempt (Operation Anthropoid)

Adolf Eichmann

March 19, 1906

June 1, 1962

56 years, 74 days

Head of theGestapo Office of Jewish Affairs (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4). Charged by Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the mass deportations of Jews toghettos andextermination camps inEastern Europe.

Evaded arrest and escaped to Argentina in 1950. Discovered and kidnapped by Israeli agents in May 1960; subsequently brought to Israel, tried and executed by hanging in 1962.

Heinrich Müller

April 28, 1900

Unknown, but evidence points to May 1945

Unknown

SS-Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Polizei, Chief of theGestapo 1939–45

Disappeared; possibly killed in Berlin in May 1945 (unconfirmed)

Joseph Goebbels

October 29, 1897

May 1, 1945

47 years, 184 days

Chief Propagandist of the Nazi Party,Reich Minister of Propaganda
Brief Chancellor of Germany

Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning

Albert Speer

March 19, 1905

September 1, 1981

76 years, 166 days

Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production
denied any involvement of knowledge of the Holocaust, letters found after his death proved he was aware amongst other crimes

Sentenced to 20 years in prison; released in 1966; died in 1981

Odilo Globocnik

April 21, 1904

May 31, 1945

41 years, 40 days

SS and Police Leader in theGeneral Government

Head ofOperation Reinhard

Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning

Theodor Eicke

October 17, 1892

February 26, 1943

50 years, 132 days

A major figure in the creation of theNazi concentration camps

First commander ofSS Division Totenkopf, which became notorious for itswar crimes.

Killed in action

Richard Glücks

April 22, 1889

May 10, 1945

56 years, 18 days

Head of Concentration Camp Operations (Amt D: Konzentrationslagerwesen) in the SS Main Economic and Administrative Department (SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt)

Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning

Albert Ganzenmüller

February 25, 1905

March 20, 1996

91 years,

23 days

Head ofDeutsche Reichsbahn and State Secretary inReich Ministry of Transport, involved with the mass deportations of German Jews to concentration camps and ghettos, also involved with the deportation of ghetto's residents to extermination camps

Died of natural causes

Ernst Kaltenbrunner

October 4, 1903

October 16, 1946

43 years, 12 days

Chief of theReich Security Main Office after Heydrich was assassinated

Executed by hanging

Hans Frank

May 23, 1900

October 16, 1946

46 years, 146 days

Governor-General of theGeneral Government

Executed by hanging

Karl Wolff

May 13, 1900

July 17, 1984

84 years,

66 days

Chief ofPersonal Staff Reichsführer-SS, liaison officer between SS and Adolf Hitler, Supreme SS and Police Leader in occupied Italy

Sentenced to 5 years in prison by a denazification court in 1948; released in 1949 after sentence reduced to 4 years; re-arrested in 1962; sentenced to 15 years in prison in 1964; released in 1971; died in 1984

Arthur Seyss-Inquart

July 22, 1892

October 16, 1946

54 years, 86 days

Reichskommissar ofthe Netherlands

Deputy Governor-General
of theGeneral Government,
(October 12, 1939 – May 18, 1940)

Executed by hanging

Josef Bühler

February 16, 1904

August 22, 1948

44 years, 188 days

State Secretary and deputy toHans Frank,
(May 18, 1940 – January 19, 1945)

Executed by hanging

Martin Bormann

June 17, 1900

May 2, 1945

44 years, 319 days

Head of the NaziParty Chancellery

Private Secretary to Adolf Hitler

Sentenced to death by hangingin absentia; believed to have committed suicide to avoid capture in Berlin; the buried body was not found until 1972; the remains were conclusively identified in 1998.^[3]^[4]

Otto Georg Thierack

April 19, 1889

October 26, 1946

57 years, 190 days

Head ofNSRB, Minister of Justice in Saxony, President of theAcademy for German Law (20 August 1942 – 8 May 1945), Minister of Justice (24 August 1942 – 2 May 1945), Judge President of thePeople's Court, co-responsible for creating and establishing antisemitic and totalitarian laws that led to theFinal Solution and justified terror in occupied territories.

Committed suicide by poisoning himself

Kurt Daluege

September 15, 1897

October 24, 1946

49 years, 39 days

Chief of theOrdnungspolizei

Deputy Reich-Protector ofBohemia and Moravia (acting Protector)

Executed by hanging

Oswald Pohl

June 30, 1892

June 7, 1951

58 years, 343 days

Chief of the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt (SS Main Economic and Administrative Department), the central SS financial office responsible for overall administration of the concentration camps.

Directed the construction ofAuschwitz,Majdanek, andStutthof

Executed by hanging

Karl Hermann Frank

January 24, 1898

May 22, 1946

48 years, 118 days

State Secretary andSS and Police Leader inBohemia and Moravia

Executed by hanging

Alois Brunner

April 8, 1912

December 2001^[5] or December 2010^[6]

89 or 98

Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; organised the deportations of at least 140,000 Jews from France, Greece, Slovakia and Austria. Commandant of theDrancy internment camp.

Escaped to Egypt around 1954, then fled to Syria. Served as a consultant to the al-Assad regime on torture techniques; died in Syria of natural causes in December 2001

Theodor Dannecker

March 27, 1913

December 10, 1945

32 years, 258 days

Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; Head of theSD Hauptamt – Judenreferat (SD Head Office – Jewish Affairs Department) for Paris: September 1940 – July 1942

In charge of the Final Solution in Bulgaria, the Balkans and Hungary (from 1943)

Arrested by the U.S. military; committed suicide

Wilhelm Keitel

September 22, 1882

October 16, 1946

64 years, 24 days

Minister of War and chief of theSupreme Command of the Armed Forces

Executed by hanging. SeeWar crimes of the Wehrmacht.

Kurt Knoblauch

December 10, 1885

November 10, 1952

66 years, 336 days

Chief of theKommandostab Reichsführer-SS under Himmler. Coordinated Waffen-SS operations during thePripyat Marshes massacres

Sentenced to two years imprisonment in 1949; died in 1952.

Wilhelm Frick

March 13, 1877

October 16, 1946

69 years, 215 days

Reich Minister of the Interior (30 January - 20 August 1943), Reich Minister without Portfolio (24 August 1943 -30 April 1945),Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (24 August 1943 – 8 May 1945)

Executed by hanging

Hermann Höfle

June 19, 1911

August 20, 1962

51 years, 62 days

Coordinator ofOperation Reinhard

Arrested; committed suicide by hanging

Ante Pavelić

July 14, 1889

December 28, 1959

70 years, 167 days

Leader of theIndependent State of Croatia

Escaped to Argentina in 1948 via theratlines inSpain. Died from wounds sustained from an assassination attempt in 1957.

Bruno Tesch

August 14, 1890

May 16, 1946

55 years, 275 days

SoldZyklon B to the SS, knowing that it would be used to exterminate concentration camp prisoners

Executed by hanging

Karl Weinbacher

June 23, 1898

May 16, 1946

47 years, 327 days

SoldZyklon B to the SS, knowing that it would be used to exterminate concentration camp prisoners

Executed by hanging

Fritz ter Meer

July 4, 1884

October 27, 1967

83 years, 115 days

Member of the board ofIG Farben andBayer, co-responsible for creation ofMonowitz concentration camp and usage of slave labor

Spent 4 years in prison, died of natural causes.

Viktor Brack

November 9, 1904

June 2, 1948

43 years, 206 days

Organizer forAktion T4

Extensively involved in the process of establishment ofextermination camps forOperation Reinhard

Executed by hanging

Carl Oberg

January 27, 1897

June 3, 1965

68 years, 99 days

SS and Police Leader in Radom District

(General Government) August 1941- May 1942,Higher SS and Police Leader in occupied France May 1942 - November 1944

Died of natural causes

Helmut Knochen

March 14, 1910

April 4, 2003

93 years,

21 days

Commandant ofSiPo andSD inParis, involved in mass deportations of theFrench Jews and also theFrench population in general

Sentenced to death in 1947 and 1954; commuted to life imprisonment; released in 1962; died in 2003

Walter Schimana

March 12, 1898

September 12, 1948

50 years, 184 days

SS and Police Leader in occupiedSoviet Union (centralRussia andBelarus),Higher SS and Police Leader in occupiedGreece

Committed suicide by hanging himself

Erwin Lambert

December 7, 1909

October 15, 1976

66 years, 313 days

Head of gas chamber construction duringOperation Reinhard

Served four years in prison after one trial, acquitted after a second trial on separate charges

Christian Wirth

November 24, 1885

May 26, 1944

58 years, 184 days

Inspector ofAktion T4 andOperation Reinhard;

Commandant ofBełżec,March 17, 1942 – end ofAugust 1942

Assassinated

Rudolf Höss

November 25, 1901

April 16, 1947

45 years, 142 days

Commandant ofAuschwitz,May 4, 1940 – December 1, 1943,May 8, 1944 – January 18, 1945

Executed by hanging

Arthur Liebehenschel

November 25, 1901

January 24, 1948

46 years, 60 days

Commandant ofAuschwitz,December 1, 1943 – May 8, 1944

Commandant ofMajdanek,May 19, 1944 – July 22, 1944

Executed by hanging

Richard Baer

September 9, 1911

June 17, 1963

51 years, 279 days

Commandant ofAuschwitz, May 1944 – February 1945

Commandant ofMittelbau-Dora, February 1945 – April 1945

Arrested in 1960; died in prison while awaiting trial in 1963

Josef Kramer

November 10, 1906

December 13, 1945

39 years, 33 days

Commandant ofAuschwitz-Birkenau (1944)

Commandant ofBergen-Belsen (1944–1945)

Executed by hanging

Martin Weiss

June 3, 1905

May 29, 1946

40 years, 360 days

Commandant ofDachau,January 3, 1942 – September 30, 1943

Commandant ofDachau,April 26, 1945 – April 28, 1945
Commandant ofNeuengamme,April 1940 – August 1942
Commandant ofMajdanek,November 1943 – May 1944

Executed by hanging

Hans Kammler

August 26, 1901

1945 (assumed)

44 years (assumed)

A deputy to Oswald Pohl inWVHA and chief of its Office C that was responsible for designing and building concentration camps, including gas chambers and crematoria.

Unknown

Alexander Piorkowski

October 11, 1904

October 22, 1948

44 years, 11 days

Commandant ofDachau, February 1940 – September 1942

Executed by hanging

Otto Förschner

November 4, 1902

May 28, 1946

43 years, 205 days

Commandant ofMittelbau-Dora, October 1944 – January 1945

Executed by hanging

Max Pauly

June 1, 1907

October 8, 1946

39 years, 129 days

Commandant ofStutthof, September 1939 – August 1942

Commandant ofNeuengamme, September 1942 – May 1945

Executed by hanging

Heinrich Schwarz

June 14, 1906

March 20, 1947

40 years, 279 days

Commandant ofMonowitz,

Commandant ofNatzweiler-Struthof, February 1945 – April 1945

Executed by firing squad

Karl-Otto Koch

August 2, 1897

April 5, 1945

47 years, 246 days

Commandant ofBuchenwald, August 1, 1937 – September 1941

Commandant ofMajdanek, September 1941 – August 24, 1942

Executed by Nazi Germany for multiple "unauthorized murders" and embezzlement

Paul-Werner Hoppe

February 28, 1910

July 15, 1974

64 years, 196 days

Commandant ofStutthof concentration camp, September 1942 - April 1945

Arrested in Italy in 1946; escaped in 1949; re-arrested in 1953; sentenced to 5 years and three months in prison, later increased to nine years; released in 1960; died in 1974

Karl Chmielewski

July 16, 1903

December 1, 1991

88 years, 138 days

Commandant ofGusen concentration camp, 1940-1942, commandant ofHerzogenbusch concentration camp, 1943

Arrested in 1959 in West Germany, released in 1979 on health grounds. Died of natural causes

Hans Loritz

December 12, 1895

January 31, 1946

50 years, 50 days

Commandant of Esterwegen concentration camp, July 1934 - April 1936, commandant of Dachau, April 1936 - July 1939, commandant of Sachsenhausen, March 1940 - September 1942, commandant of several work camps in Norway, 1942 - 1945

Committed suicide in internment camp

Hermann Pister

February 21, 1885

September 28, 1948

63 years, 250 days

Commandant ofBuchenwald, August 1, 1937 – September 1941

Died awaiting execution

Irmfried Eberl

September 8, 1910

February 16, 1948

37 years, 161 days

Commandant ofTreblinka,July 11, 1942 – August 26, 1942

Arrested; committed suicide by hanging

Hans Bothmann

November 11, 1911

April 4, 1946

34 years, 144 days

Commandant ofChelmno,April 1942 – July 1944

Arrested by theBritish Army; committed suicide by hanging

Herbert Lange

September 29, 1909

April 20, 1945

35 years, 203 days

Commandant ofChelmno,December 1941 – March 1942

Killed in action during theBattle of Berlin

Franz Stangl

March 26, 1908

June 28, 1971

63 years, 94 days

Commandant ofSobibor,April 28, 1942 – August 30, 1942;

Commandant ofTreblinka,September 1, 1942 – August 1943

Arrested onFebruary 28, 1967; sentenced to life imprisonment onOctober 22, 1970; died in prison

Kurt Franz

January 17, 1914

July 4, 1998

84 years, 168 days

Commandant ofTreblinka,August 1943 – October 19, 1943

Arrested onDecember 2, 1959; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1965; released on health grounds in 1993

Richard Thomalla

October 23, 1903

May 12, 1945

41 years, 201 days

In charge of construction for theOperation Reinhard death camps:Bełżec,Sobibor andTreblinka

Extrajudicially executed by theNKVD

Franz Reichleitner

December 2, 1906

January 3, 1944

37 years, 32 days

Commandant ofSobibor,September 1, 1942 – October 17, 1943

Killed in action

Gottlieb Hering

June 2, 1887

October 9, 1945

58 years, 129 days

Commandant ofBełżec, end ofAugust 1942 – June 1943

Died of mysterious health complications

Amon Göth

December 11, 1908

September 13, 1946

37 years, 276 days

Commandant ofKraków-Płaszów

Executed by hanging

Siegfried Seidl

August 24, 1911

February 4, 1947

35 years, 164 days

Commandant ofTheresienstadt,November 1941 – July 1943

Leading member of the Sondereinsatzkommando Eichmann, which organized the mass deportations of approximately 437,000 Hungarian Jews, hundreds of thousands of whom were sent toAuschwitz and gassed

Executed by hanging

Karl Rahm

April 2, 1907

April 30, 1947

40 years, 28 days

Commandant ofTheresienstadt, January 1944 – May 1945

Executed by hanging

Max Koegel

October 16, 1895

June 27, 1946

50 years, 254 days

Commandant ofRavensbrück,January 1940 – August 1942

Commandant ofMajdanek,August 1942 – November 1942
Commandant ofFlossenbürg,April 1943 – April 1945

Committed suicide by hanging

Fritz Suhren

June 10, 1908

June 12, 1950

42 years, 2 days

Commandant ofRavensbrück, August 1942 – April 1945

Executed by firing squad

Franz Ziereis

August 13, 1905

May 25, 1945

39 years, 285 days

Commandant ofMauthausen,February 1939-May 1945

Shot by American soldiers while trying to escape, died of his injuries the next day

Aleksander Laak

August 24, 1907

September 6, 1960

53 years, 13 days

Commandant ofJägala

Committed suicide by hanging in Canada, allegedly to protect his relatives from potential reprisals

Hans Aumeier

August 20, 1906

January 24, 1948

41 years, 157 days

Commandant ofVaivara, August 1943 – November 1943

Deputy commandant atAuschwitz

Executed by hanging

Hanns Rauter

February 4, 1895

March 24, 1949

54 years, 48 days

Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) for the Netherlands

Executed by firing squad

Walter Rauff

June 19, 1906

May 14, 1984

77 years, 330 days

Close aide ofReinhard Heydrich. Group Leader II D of the RSHA (technical matters). Designed gas vans to poison Jews, and persons with disabilities.Einsatzkommando leader in North Africa (1942–43), SS and Gestapo commander in northwest Italy (1943–45).

Arrested in Italy in 1945; escaped in 1946, fled to Syria in 1948, to Ecuador in 1949, to Chile in 1958. Extradition request by Germany denied by Chile in 1963 on the grounds of expired statute of limitations. Most wanted Nazi fugitive in the 1970s and 1980s. Died of natural causes in Chile in 1984.

Eduard Wirths

September 4, 1909

September 20, 1945

36 years, 16 days

Human medical experimentation, and formal responsibility of medical staff atAuschwitz

Arrested; committed suicide by hanging

Josef Mengele

March 16, 1911

February 7, 1979

67 years, 328 days

Human medical experimentation, particularly children, and selection of prisoners to be gassed atAuschwitz

Escaped to Brazil; evaded arrest and suffered a heart attack while swimming in 1979

Fritz Katzmann

May 6, 1906

September 19, 1957

51 years, 136 days

SS and Police Leader of theDistrict of Galicia
Responsible for the establishment of theLwów Ghetto, which had a population of 120,000 Polish Jews, only 823 surviving after the war.
SS and Police Leader ofRadom District
In charge of the establishment of theRadom Ghetto, which enclosed about 33,000 Polish Jews, the majority of whom died.

Evaded arrest after the war and died in 1957

Philipp Bouhler

September 11, 1899

May 19, 1945

45 years, 250 days

Chief of theChancellery of the Führer of the NSDAP, Director ofAktion T4

Arrested; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning

Karl Brandt

January 8, 1904

June 2, 1948

44 years, 146 days

Co-director ofAktion T4

Conducted human medical experimentation

Executed by hanging

Werner Heyde

April 25, 1902

February 13, 1964

61 years, 294 days

Senior medical expert forAktion T4

Arrested in 1945; escaped custody in 1947; turned himself in 1959; committed suicide while awaiting trial in 1964

Paul Nitsche

November 25, 1876

March 25, 1948

71 years, 121 days

Senior medical expert forAktion T4

Executed by guillotine

Ernst-Robert Grawitz

June 8, 1899

April 24, 1945

45 years, 320 days

Involved inAktion T4 and human medical experimentation in concentration camps

Committed suicide

Karl Gebhardt

November 23, 1897

June 2, 1948

50 years, 192 days

Oversaw human medical experimentation of concentration camp inmates atRavensbrück andAuschwitz

Executed by hanging

Wilhelm Harster

July 21, 1904

December 25, 1991

87 years, 157 days

Commander of the Security Police (SiPo) and SD (Kraków, 1939–40; Netherlands, 1940–43; Italy, 1943–45). Responsible for the deaths of at least 104,000 Jews.

Arrested in 1945 and transferred to Dutch custody. Tried and sentenced to 12 years imprisonment in 1949; served six years; deported to West Germany in 1955. Arrested and tried in 1967. Sentenced to 15 years imprisonment, but sentence commuted and released in 1969.

Karl Frenzel

August 28, 1911

September 2, 1996

85 years, 5 days

Commandant of Camp I (forced labor camp) atSobibor

Arrested onMarch 22, 1962; sentenced to life imprisonment onDecember 20, 1966; released on health grounds in 1982

Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski

March 1, 1899

March 8, 1972

73 years, 7 days

In charge ofNazi security warfare

Arrested in 1945; released in 1949; sentenced to 10 years imprisonment, which he served under house arrest; sentenced to 4.5 years imprisonment in 1958; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1961; died in prison in 1972

Herbert Backe

May 1, 1896

April 6, 1947

50 years, 340 days

Minister of Food and Agriculture, responsible for theHunger Plan

Arrested; committed suicide by hanging

Hermann Fegelein

October 30, 1906

April 28, 1945

38 years, 180 days

Responsible for thePripyat Marshes massacres

Executed by Nazi Germany for desertion after trying to flee fromBerlin in April 1945

Oskar Dirlewanger

September 26, 1895

June 7, 1945

49 years, 254 days

Commander of theDirlewanger Brigade

Arrested, then beaten to death by Polish guards while in custody

Bronislav Kaminski

June 16, 1899

August 28, 1944

45 years, 73 days

Commander of theKaminski Brigade

Executed by Nazi Germany after being court-martialed for looting

Jürgen Stroop

September 26, 1895

March 6, 1952

56 years, 162 days

Suppression and destruction of theWarsaw Ghetto Uprising

Executed by hanging

Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg

March 17, 1897

September 20, 1944

47 years, 187 days

SS and Police Leader of the Warsaw area from 1941–43

Responsible for theGrossaktion Warsaw, the single most deadly operation against the Jews in the course of the Holocaust in occupied Poland, which entailed sending between 254,000 and 265,000 men, women and children aboard overcrowded Holocaust trains toTreblinka

Leading figure in the destruction of theWarsaw Ghetto Uprising

Assassinated

Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger

February 27, 1894

May 9, 1945

51 years, 71 days

HigherSS and Police Leader (HSPPF) inoccupied Poland

Committed suicide

Wilhelm Koppe

June 15, 1896

July 2, 1975

79 years, 17 days

SS and Police Leader inReichsgau Wartheland

(September 1939 - October 1943)Supreme SS and Police Leader inGeneral Government(October 1943 - 1945)

Died of natural causes

Friedrich Jeckeln

February 2, 1895

February 3, 1946

51 years, 1 day

Higher SS and Police Leader in Russia-South; Russia-North

Responsible forRumbula,Babi Yar, andKamianets-Podilskyi massacres

Executed by hanging

Karl Eberhard Schöngarth

April 22, 1903

May 16, 1946

43 years, 24 days

Commanded multipleEinsatzgruppen units in Poland

Commander of the BdS in the Netherlands (September 1944– May 1945)

Executed by hanging

Kurt Eberhard

September 12, 1874

September 8, 1947

72 years, 361 days

Military governor of German-occupiedKyiv

Responsible for theBabi Yar massacre

Arrested; committed suicide

Walter von Reichenau

October 8, 1884

January 17, 1942

57 years, 101 days

Issued theSeverity Order

Responsible for theBabi Yar andBila Tserkva massacres

Died after having a stroke, then suffering injuries in a plane crash

Hans Krueger

July 1, 1909

February 8, 1988

78 years, 222 days

Commandant of theStanisławów Ghetto

Responsible for theStanislawow Ghetto massacre

Arrested in 1945; released in 1948; re-arrested in 1962; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1968; released on health grounds in 1986; died in 1988

Hans-Adolf Prützmann

August 31, 1901

May 16, 1945

43 years, 258 days

Supreme SS and Police Leader of Ukraine

Higher SS and Police Leader of Russia-North; Russia-South

Oversaw the activities of theEinsatzgruppen detachments that perpetrated the Holocaust in the Baltic States and Ukraine

Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning while in Allied custody

Bruno Streckenbach

February 7, 1902

October 28, 1977

75 years, 263 days

Trained theEinsatzgruppen

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe I in PolandSupp

Served 10 years in Soviet custody, but never tried; released onOctober 10, 1955

Ludwig Hahn

January 23, 1908

November 10, 1986

78 years, 291 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 1/I,Poland

Suppression of theWarsaw Ghetto Uprising

Suppression of theWarsaw Uprising

Arrested in 1960; released in 1961; briefly re-arrested in 1965 and 1966; arrested for the last time in 1972; sentenced to 12 years in prison in 1973; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1975; released on health grounds in 1983; died in 1986

Hans Biebow

December 18, 1902

June 23, 1947

45 years,

97 days

Chief of German administration of Litzmannstadt (Łódź) Ghetto

Executed by hanging

Karl Brunner

July 26, 1900

December 7, 1980

80 years, 134 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 4/I,Poland

Never prosecuted

Emanuel Schäfer

April 20, 1900

December 4, 1974

74 years, 228 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe II,Poland

Commander of the BdS in Serbia, (January 6, 1942 – December 1944)

Sentenced to 21 months in prison by a denazification court in 1951; released in 1953. Sentenced to a further 6.5 years in prison in June 1953; released in 1956.

Friedrich Suhr

May 6, 1907

31 May, 1946

39 years, 25 days

Member of Gestapo Referat IVb (Jewish affairs)

Commander of Sonderkommando 4b in Einsatzgruppe C, November 1942 - August 1943Commander of Einsatzkommando 6, August 1943 - November 1943,Commander of Sipo and SD in occupied France, December 1943 -December 1944

Committed suicide in prison

Lothar Beutel

May 6, 1902

May 16, 1986

84 years, 10 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe IV,Poland(1/2)

Served 10 years in Soviet custody, but never tried; released in October 1955. Arrested and charged in West Germany in 1965; released on bail in 1967; charges dropped in 1971; died in 1986.

Josef Albert Meisinger

September 14, 1899

March 7, 1947

47 years, 174 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe IV,Poland(2/2)
Commander of the state police in Warsaw

Executed by hanging

Ernst Damzog

October 30, 1882

July 24, 1945

62 years, 267 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe V,Poland

Died under unclear circumstances

Gerhard Flesch

October 18, 1909

February 28, 1948

38 years, 133 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2/VI,Poland

Executed by firing squad

Franz Walther Stahlecker

October 10, 1900

March 23, 1942

41 years, 164 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,June 22, 1941–March 23, 1942(1/5)

Killed in action

Heinz Jost

July 9, 1904

November 12, 1964

60 years, 126 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,March 29, 1942–September 2, 1942(2/5)

Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1948; commuted to 10 years; released in December 1951; died in 1964

Humbert Achamer-Pifrader

November 21, 1900

April 25, 1945

44 years, 155 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,September 10, 1942–September 4, 1943(3/5)

Killed in air raid

Herbert Böttcher

April 24, 1907

June 12, 1950

43 years, 49 days

LastSS and Police Leader in District Radom inGeneral Government, May 12, 1942 - January 16, 1945.

Executed by hanging

Friedrich Panzinger

February 1, 1903

August 8, 1959

56 years, 188 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,September 5, 1943–May 6, 1944(4/5)
Last chief of theKripo(2/2)

Arrested by the Soviets 1946, sentenced to 25 years in prison; released in 1955; re-arrested in 1959; committed suicide

Wilhelm Fuchs

September 1, 1898

January 24, 1947

48 years, 145 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe A,Baltic states,May 6, 1944–October 10, 1944(5/5)
Commander ofEinsatzkommando 3,September 15, 1943–May 27, 1944
Commander ofEinsatzgruppe E, Croatia, October 1944–November 1944(3/3)
Commander of the BdS in Serbia, (1941 – January 1942)

Executed by hanging

Eduard Strauch

August 17, 1906

September 15, 1955

49 years, 29 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2,Latvia,November 4, 1941–December 2, 1941(2/6)

Commander ofSonderkommando 1b,March 1942–August 1942(3/4)

Responsible forRumbula massacre

Sentenced to death by an American military court in 1948, then transferred to Belgium, where he received another death sentence. Strauch was never executed and died in custody.

Rudolf Lange

April 18, 1910

February 23, 1945

34 years, 311 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2,Latvia,December 3, 1941–1944

Believed to have been killed in action

Karl Jäger

September 20, 1888

June 22, 1959

70 years, 275 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 3,Lithuania,June 1941–August 1, 1943

Discovered and arrested in 1959; committed suicide while awaiting trial

Hermann Schaper

August 12, 1911

deceased after 2002

over 90 years

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Poland

Arrested in 1964; released due to insufficient evidence

Arthur Nebe

November 13, 1894

March 21, 1945

50 years, 128 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,June 1941–November 1941(1/5)
Chief of theKripo(1/2)
President ofInterpol

Executed byNazi Germany for involvement in the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler

Erich Naumann

April 29, 1905

June 7, 1951

46 years, 40 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe VI,Poland

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,November 1941–March 1943(2/5)

Commander of the BdS in the Netherlands, September 1943–July 1944

Executed by hanging

Horst Böhme

August 24, 1909

April 10, 1945

35 years, 229 days

Lidice
Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,March 12, 1943–August 28, 1943,August 12, 1944(3/5) and(4/5)

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe C,north and central Ukraine,September 6, 1943–March 1944(3/3)

Presumed killed in action inKönigsberg,East Prussia; officially declared dead in 1954

Erich Ehrlinger

October 14, 1910

July 31, 2004

93 years, 291 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,August 28, 1943–April 1944(4/5);

Commander ofSonderkommando 1b,June 1941–November 1941

Arrested inDecember 1958; sentenced to 12 years imprisonment

August von Meyszner

August 3, 1886

January 24, 1947

61 years,174 days

Commander ofOrpo inoccupied Norway 1940-1942

Higher SS and Police Leader inGerman-occupied territory of Serbia 1942-1944

Execution by hanging

Heinrich Seetzen

June 22, 1906

September 28, 1945

39 years, 98 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe B,Belarus,April 28, 1944–August 1944(5/5);

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 10a, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus,June 1941–July 1942

Arrested in September 1945; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning

Otto Bradfisch

May 10, 1903

June 22, 1994

91 years, 43 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 8,Belarus,June 1941–April 1, 1942

Arrested onApril 21, 1958; sentenced to 13 years imprisonment in 1963; released in 1969; died in 1994

Otto Rasch

December 7, 1891

November 1, 1948

56 years, 330 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe C,north and central Ukraine,June 1941–October 1941(1/3)

Responsible for theBabi Yar massacre

Arrested; removed from trial on health grounds in February 1948; died in November 1948

Paul Blobel

August 13, 1894

June 7, 1951

56 years, 298 days

Commander ofSonderkommando 4a,north and central Ukraine, June 1941–13 January 1942(1/5), commander of theSonderaktion 1005 project

Responsible for theBabi Yar andBila Tserkva massacres

Executed by hanging

Otto Ohlendorf

February 4, 1907

June 7, 1951

44 years, 124 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine,the Crimea, and north Caucasus,June 1941–July 1942(1/2)

Executed by hanging

Walther Bierkamp

December 17, 1901

May 15, 1945

43 years, 149 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine,the Crimea, and north Caucasus,July 1942–March 1943(2/2)

Committed suicide

Rolf Günther

January 8, 1913

August 1945

32 years

Deputy ofAdolf Eichmann, head ofsection IV B4 a (Evacuations) of Gestapo, co-responsible for deportations of Jews fromSalonika

Committed suicide

Josef Witiska

July 5, 1894

October 16, 1946

52 years, 103 days

Commander ofEinsatzgruppe H in Slovakia, September – November 1944

Commander of SiPo and SD (BdS), Slovakia, November 1944 – May 1945

Transported over 14,000 Slovaks to the death camps

Committed suicide

Bruno Müller

September 13, 1905

March 1, 1960

54 years, 170 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2/I,Poland

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 11b,south Ukraine andthe Crimea,July 1941–October 1941

Sentenced to 20 years in prison for unrelated crimes in 1948; released in 1953; died in 1960

Werner Braune

April 11, 1909

June 7, 1951

42 years, 58 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 11b,south Ukraine andthe Crimea,October 1941–September 1942

Executed by hanging

Rudolf Batz

November 10, 1903

February 8, 1961

57 years, 90 days

Commander ofEinsatzkommando 2

OversawEinsatzgruppen killings in the Baltic States

Arrested in 1961; committed suicide while awaiting trial

Joachim Hamann^[7]

May 18, 1913

July 13, 1945

32 years, 56 days

Commander ofRollkommando Hamann, a small mobile unit established by him that murdered an estimated 60,000 Latvian Jews in massacres across occupied territory

Committed suicide

Ernst Girzick

October 17, 1911

March 4, 1977

65 years

Head of Central Office for the Settlement of the Jewish Question in Bohemia and Moravia, Member ofEichmann-Kommando in Budapest.

Sentenced to 15 years in prison in 1948; released in 1953; died in 1960

Franz Novak

January 10, 1913

October 21, 1983

70 years

Railway and transportation expert in Eichmann's Office of Jewish Affairs. Member of theEichmann-kommando responsible for the deportation ofHungarian Jews.

Died of natural causes

Ernst Boepple

November 30, 1887

December 15, 1950

63 years,

15 days

Deputy toJosef Bühler and State Secretary in General Government inoccupied Poland, co-responsible for the policy of terror, deportations toconcentration camps and forced labor.

Executed by hanging

Gustav Lombard

April 10, 1895

September 18, 1992

Commander of8th SS Cavalry Division Florian Geyer, in this position he took part inPripyat Marshes massacres

Sentenced to 25 years in prison in 1947; released in 1955; died in 1992

Anton Burger

November 19, 1911

December 25, 1991

80 years

Judenreferent in Greece

Commandant ofTheresienstadt concentration camp July 3, 1943 - February 7, 1944

Died of natural causes

Wolfgang Birkner

October 27, 1913

March 24, 1945

31 years, 148 days

Commander ofKommando Bialystok, a small mobile unit which murdered at least 1,800 Polish Jews

Killed in action

Otto Wächter

July 8, 1901

July 14, 1949

48 years, 6 days

Governor ofDistrict of Kraków andDistrict of Galicia inGeneral Government

Died reportedly from kidney disease as a fugitive

Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel

January 2, 1886

August 30, 1944

58 years, 241 days

Ordered the mass deportations of Jews in France as a reprisal policy

Collaborated with theEinsatzgruppen for reprisals against Jews in Ukraine

Executed byNazi Germany for involvement in the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler

Erich Hoepner

September 14, 1886

August 8, 1944

57 years, 329 days

Heavily collaborated withEinsatzgruppe A

Carried out orders to summarily execute Communist officials under theCommissar Order

Executed byNazi Germany for involvement in the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler

Hans Graf von Sponeck

February 12, 1888

July 23, 1944

56 years, 154 days

Collaborated withEinsatzgruppe D

Imprisoned byNazi Germany after disobeying orders, then executed in the aftermath of the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler

Eduard Wagner

April 1, 1894

July 23, 1944

50 years, 113 days

Drew up regulations that allowed German soldiers to take hostages from civilian population and execute them as response to resistance

Drew up the regulations withReinhard Heydrich to ensure the Wehrmacht's cooperation with theEinsatzgruppen in the murders of Soviet Jews

Created and implemented deliberate starvation policies against Soviet prisoners of war

Committed suicide in the aftermath of the failed20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler

Ulrich Greifelt

December 8, 1896

February 6, 1949

52 years, 60 days

Responsible for the mass expulsions of non-Germans, as well as a directive ordering the mass abductions of children suspecting of being ethnic Germans

Died in prison

Maria Mandel

January 10, 1912

January 24, 1948

36 years, 14 days

Commandant of female camp atAuschwitz

Executed by hanging

Fritz Hartjenstein

July 3, 1905

October 20, 1954

49 years, 109 days

Commandant ofAuschwitz-Birkenau

Commandant ofNatzweiler-Struthof, May 9, 1944 – January 1945

Died awaiting execution

Johann Schwarzhuber

August 29, 1904

May 3, 1947

42 years, 247 days

Commandant of men's camp atAuschwitz, and selection of prisoners to be gassed atAuschwitz

Commandant ofBirkenau

Executed by hanging

Martin Weiss

February 21, 1903

September 30, 1984

81 years, 222 days

Commander of theVilna Ghetto

Commander of theYpatingasis būrys killing squad, which was largely responsible for thePonary massacre where approximately 100,000 people were shot, including 70,000 Jews.

Arrested in 1949; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1950; sentence suspended in 1971 and revoked in 1977; died in 1984

Eduard Roschmann

November 25, 1908

August 8, 1977

68 years, 256 days

Commandant of theRiga Ghetto

Arrested in 1945 but released early; fled to Argentina and subsequently escaped prosecution; died in 1977

Otto-Heinrich Drechsler

April 1, 1895

May 5, 1945

50 years, 34 days

General Commissioner for Latvia for Nazi Germany's occupation regime (Reichskommissariat Ostland)
Major figure in the establishment of theRiga Ghetto

Taken into British custody; committed suicide

Friedrich Buchardt

March 17, 1909

December 28, 1982

73 years

Commandant ofVorkomando Moskau, a section ofEinsatzgruppe B, later worked in SD headquarters in occupiedŁódź and again as commandant ofEinsatzkommando 9, another section of Einsatzgruppe B operating nearVitebsk

Died of natural causes

Franz Murer

January 24, 1912

January 5, 1994

81 years, 346 days

Responsible for the establishment of theVilna Ghetto, which hosted a population of about 55,000 Jews, none of whom survived after the war
Effectively ruled the ghetto until July 23, shortly before its liquidation

Arrested in 1947 and deported to the Soviet Union in January 1948; sentenced to 25 years in hard labor; released in 1955 due to theAustrian State Treaty. Arrested and prosecuted again in 1963 due to the intervention of the famous Nazi hunterSimon Wiesenthal; acquitted on all charges and died in 1994.

Franz Josef Huber

January 22, 1902

January 30, 1975

73 years, 8 days

Inspector ofSiPo (Security Police) and SD for Vienna, the "Upper" and "Lower Danube" regions; formal chief of theCentral Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna.
Responsible for the mass deportations of tens of thousands of Austrian Jews

Died in 1975 without being prosecuted for any crimes

Edmund Veesenmayer

November 12, 1904

December 23, 1977

73 years, 42 days

Reich plenipotentiary to Hungary after the occupation of the country

Helped establish theUstaše-led Independent State of Croatia

Assisted in the deportations of 300,000 Hungarian Jews toAuschwitz

Arrested in 1945; sentenced to 20 years imprisonment in 1949; sentence commuted to 10 years imprisonment in 1951; released December, 1951; died in 1977

Jozef Tiso

October 13, 1887

April 18, 1947

59 years, 187 days

Leader of theState of Slovakia

Executed by hanging

Alexander Mach

October 11, 1902

October 15, 1980

78 years, 4 days

Head of theHlinka Guard, one of the leading forces in the extermination of 68,000–71,000 Slovak Jews during the Holocaust in Slovakia

Sentenced to 30 years imprisonment; released in 1968; died in 1980

Vojtech Tuka

July 4, 1880

August 20, 1946

66 years, 47 days

Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak State

Leading figure in the mass deportations of Slovak Jews to Nazi concentration camps

Executed by hanging

Ludwig Fischer

April 6, 1905

March 8, 1947

41 years, 336 days

Governor of the Warsaw District

Responsible for the establishment of theWarsaw Ghetto, the largest ghetto ever built by the Nazis

Executed by hanging

Jakob Sporrenberg

September 16, 1902

December 6, 1952

50 years, 91 days

Oversaw and implementedOperation Harvest Festival

Executed by hanging

Albert Forster

July 26, 1902

February 28, 1952

49 years, 217 days

Reichsstatthalter and Gauleiter ofReichsgau Danzig-West Prussia

Incited themassacres in Piaśnica

Executed by hanging

Arthur Greiser

January 22, 1897

July 21, 1946

49 years, 180 days

Reichsstatthalter and Gauleiter ofReichsgau Wartheland

Executed by hanging

Josef Bürckel

March 30, 1895

September 28, 1944

49 years, 182 days

Influential in the rise of the Nazi movement

Responsible for the establishment of theCentral Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna
Gauleiter of Vienna
Governor of the Vienna region
Gauleiter ofGau Westmark

Died because of ill health

Ferdinand aus der Fünten

December 17, 1909

April 19, 1989

79 years, 123 days

Head of theCentral Office for Jewish Emigration in Amsterdam

Sentenced to death in 1950, which was commuted to life in imprisonment in 1951; released on health grounds in 1989; died later that year

Erich Koch

June 19, 1896

November 12, 1986

90 years, 146 days

Gauleiter ofEast Prussia

Chief of Civil Administration (Chef der Zivilverwaltung) ofBezirk Bialystok
Reich Commissioner for Ukraine (Reichskommissariat Ukraine)

Arrested by the British in 1949, and extradited to Poland in 1950. Sentenced to death in 1959, which was commuted to life imprisonment in 1960; died in prison in 1986.

Hinrich Lohse

September 2, 1896

February 25, 1964

67 years, 176 days

Gauleiter ofSchleswig-Holstein

Reich Commissioner for Ostland (Reichskommissariat Ostland)

Arrested by the British in 1945; sentenced to 10 years in prison in 1948; released due to ill health in 1951; died in 1964

Viktors Arājs

January 13, 1910

January 13, 1988

78 years

Leader of theArajs Kommando, which murdered half of Latvia's Jewish population

Held in a British internment camp until 1949; evaded prosecution until 1979 when convicted for his involvement in theRumbula massacre and sentenced to life imprisonment; died in prison in 1988.

Fritz Dietrich

August 6, 1898

October 22, 1948

50 years, 77 days

Commander of SS police inLiepāja

Responsible forLiepāja massacres

Executed by hanging

Jonas Noreika

October 8, 1910

February 26, 1947

36 years, 141 days

Responsible forPlungė massacre

Executed by shooting

Ion Antonescu

June 14, 1882

June 1, 1946

63 years, 352 days

Leader of Romania during World War II

Responsible for theOdessa massacre, deportations toTransnistria, and theIași pogrom

Executed by firing squad

Pierre Laval

June 28, 1883

October 15, 1945

62 years, 109 days

Prime Minister ofVichy France

Executed by firing squad

Philippe Pétain

April 24, 1856

July 23, 1951

95 years, 90 days

Chief ofVichy France

Sentenced to death in 1945, but had his sentence commuted to life imprisonment due to his World War I service and old age; died in custody in 1951

Benito Mussolini

July 29, 1883

April 28, 1945

61 years, 273 days

Prime Minister ofFascist Italy
Duce of theItalian Social Republic

Executed by firing squad

Vidkun Quisling

July 18, 1887

October 24, 1945

58 years, 98 days

Prime Minister ofGerman-occupied Norway

Executed by firing squad

Josef Terboven

May 23, 1898

May 8, 1945

46 years, 350 days

Reichkommissar ofGerman-occupied Norway

Committed suicide

Werner Best

July 10, 1903

June 23, 1989

85 years, 348 days

Chief of Department 1 of theGestapo; initiated a registry of all Jews in Germany

Deputy to Reinhard Heydrich

Sentenced to death in 1948, later to 12 years imprisonment; released in 1951; held in detention in 1958 and charged again of war crimes in 1972; died in 1989 without serving time in prison a second time

Gustav Simon