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List of largest mergers and acquisitions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Megamerger" redirects here. For distributed algorithm in computing, seeMega-Merger.

The following tables list the largestmergers and acquisitions by decade of transaction. Transaction values are given in theUS dollar value for the year of the merger, adjusted for inflation. As of February 2026[update], the largest ever acquisition was the 2026 takeover ofxAI bySpaceX at $250 billion ($250 billion adjusted for inflation).AT&T appears in these lists the most times with six entries, for a combined transaction value of $334.4 billion. Mergers and acquisitions are notated with the year the transaction was initiated, not necessarily completed. Mergers are shown as the market value of the combined entities.

Free market enterprises

[edit]

1870s

[edit]

Top 2 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1870 to 1879:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11874United States Honeybrook Coal Company[2]United States Wilkesbarre Coal and Iron Company0.010.278
21879United StatesPacific Coast Oil Company[3]United States Star Oil0.0010.034

1880s

[edit]

Top 2 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1880 to 1889:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11884United StatesNew York Gas Light Company[4]United StatesManhattan Gas Light Company
United StatesMetropolitan Gas Light Company
United StatesMunicipal Gas Light Company
United StatesKnickerbocker Gas Light Company
United StatesHarlem Gas Light Company
0.0451.6
21883United StatesBuffalo, Pittsburgh and Western Railroad[5]United States Buffalo, New York and Philadelphia Railway
United States Olean and Salamanca Railroad
United States Oil City and Chicago Railroad Company
0.020850.704

1890s

[edit]

Top 2 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1890 to 1899:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11899United States American Spirits Manufacturing Company[6]United States Kentucky Distilleries and Warehouse Company
United States Spirits Distributing Company
0.1254.7
21899United StatesPullman Palace Car Company[7][8]United States Wagner Palace Car Company0.0742.8

1900s

[edit]

Top 3 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1900 to 1909:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11901United StatesCarnegie Steel Company[9]United StatesFederal Steel Company
United StatesNational Steel Company
0.49218.6
21907United StatesNew York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Company[10]United StatesBoston and Maine Corporation0.31010.5
31909United StatesInterborough Rapid Transit Company[11][12]United StatesMetropolitan Street Railway0.2227.8

1910s

[edit]

Top 3 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1910 to 1919:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11915United StatesMidvale Steel Company[13][14]United StatesRemington Arms Company
United States Worth Brothers Company
0.1003.1
21915United StatesUnited Dry Goods[15]United StatesAssociated Merchants Company0.0501.6
31918United StatesGeneral Motors[16]United StatesUnited Motors Company0.0450.941

1920s

[edit]

Top 5 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1920 to 1929:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11928United StatesConsolidated Gas Company of New York[17]United States Brooklyn Edison Company1.018.3
21929United StatesNiagara and Eastern Power Corporation[18]United StatesMohawkHudson Power Corporation
United StatesNortheastern Power Corporation
0.66512.2
31928United States United Light and Power Company[19]United StatesAmerican Light and Traction0.5229.6
41928United States Hodenpyl & Hardy[17][20]United States Stevens & Wood0.5009.2
51928United States Middle West Utilities[17]United States National Electric Power
United States National Public Service
United States New England Public Service
United States Inland Power and Light
0.4007.3

1930s

[edit]

Top 5 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1930 to 1939:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11930United StatesPacific Gas and Electric Company[21]United States Great Western Power Company
United StatesSan Joaquin Light and Power Corporation
United States Midland Counties Public Service Corporation
0.65012.2
21932United StatesSinclair Consolidated Oil Corporation[22][23]United States Prairie Oil and Gas
United States Prairie Pipe Line Company
0.54212.5
31934United StatesRepublic Steel[24]United StatesCorrigan-McKinney Steel Corporation0.3237.6
41931United StatesBethlehem Steel[25]United States Pittsburgh Steel Company0.0801.7
51932United StatesStudebaker Corporation[26]United StatesWhite Motor Company0.0260.599

1940s

[edit]

Top 5 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1940 to 1949:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11945United StatesConsolidated Edison[27]United States Brooklyn Edison Company
United States New York and Queens Light and Power Company
1.221
21948United States Central New York Power Corporation[28]United States New York Power and Light Corporation
United States Buffalo Niagara Electric Corporation
0.5006.5
31945United StatesPittsburgh Coal Company[29]United StatesConsolidation Coal Company0.1602.8
41948United StatesLong Island Lighting Company[30]United States Queens Borough Gas and Electric Company
United States Nassau & Suffolk Lighting Company
0.1401.8
51941United StatesCelanese Corporation[31]United States Celluoid Corporation0.0962.1

1950s

[edit]

Top 10 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1950 to 1959:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11959United StatesGeneral Telephone[32]United StatesSylvania Electric Products1.819.4
21957United StatesArmco[33]United States National Supply Company0.7688.6
31957United StatesAmerican Can Company[34]United States Marathon Corporation0.7178
41955United StatesMonsanto[35]United StatesLion Oil0.5506.5
51956United StatesContinental Can Company[36]United StatesRobert Gair Company0.5496.3
61954United StatesOlin Industries[37]United StatesMathieson Chemical0.5005.9
71955United States Sunray Oil Corporation[38]United States Mid-Continent Petroleum Corporation0.4865.7
81955United StatesSperry Corporation[39]United StatesRemington Rand0.4665.5
91953United StatesGulf Oil[40]United States Warren Petroleum Corporation0.4204.9
101954United StatesHudson Motor Car Company[41]United StatesNash-Kelvinator0.3554.2

1960s

[edit]

Top 10 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1960 to 1969:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11969United StatesAtlantic Richfield[42]United StatesSinclair Oil Corporation3.731.7
21965United StatesUnion Oil[43]United StatesPure Oil1.515
31968United StatesHunt-Wesson[44]CanadaCanada Dry
United StatesMcCall Corporation
1.09
41969United StatesXerox Corporation[45][46]United StatesScientific Data Systems0.9257.9
51967United StatesRockwell-Standard[47]United StatesNorth American Aviation0.9228.7
61968United StatesSun Oil[45][48]United StatesSunray DX Oil Company0.7636.9
71965United StatesContinental Oil Company[49]United StatesConsolidation Coal0.6206.2
81961United StatesAmerican-Marietta Corporation[50]United StatesGlenn L. Martin Company0.6006.3
91968United StatesControl Data Corporation[51]United StatesCommercial Credit Company0.5825.3
101967United StatesStudebaker Corporation[52]United StatesWorthington Corporation0.5505.2

1970s

[edit]

Top 15 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1970 to 1979:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11979United StatesShell Oil Company[53]United StatesBelridge Oil Company3.6515.8
21976United StatesGeneral Electric[54]United States Utah International2.1712
31979United StatesRCA[55]United StatesCIT Financial1.35.6
41979United StatesExxon[56]United States Reliance Electric1.25.2
51978United StatesUnited Technologies[57][58]United StatesCarrier Corporation1.04.8
61979United StatesMobil[59]United States General Crude Oil0.7653.3
71976United StatesAtlantic Richfield[45][60][61]United StatesAnaconda Copper0.7604.2
81978United StatesR. J. Reynolds Industries[62]United StatesDel Monte Corporation0.6203
91978United StatesJohns Manville[45][63]United States Olinkraft Inc0.5852.8
101977United StatesKennecott Copper[45][64]United States Carborundum Corporation0.5672.9
111978United StatesPhilip Morris[45][65]United StatesSeven-Up Bottling Co0.5202.5
121978United StatesBeatrice Foods[45][66]United StatesTropicana Products0.4882.4
131977United KingdomNetherlandsUnilever[45][67]United StatesNational Starch and Chemical0.4852.5
141974United KingdomBurmah Oil[45][68]United StatesSignal Oil & Gas0.4803.1
151979United StatesAmerican Brands[69]United StatesFranklin Life Insurance0.4652

1980s

[edit]

Top 30 M&A deals worldwide by value from 1980 to 1989:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
[1] Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11989United StatesKohlberg Kravis Roberts[70][71]United StatesRJR Nabisco31.078.6
21989JapanMitsui Bank[72]JapanTaiyo Kobe Bank22.857.8
31989United StatesWarner Communications[73]United StatesTime Inc.15.238.6
41984United StatesStandard Oil of California[74]United StatesGulf Oil13.240
51988United StatesPhilip Morris[75]United StatesKraft Foods13.134.8
61989United StatesBristol Myers[76]United StatesSquibb12.030.4
71984United StatesTexaco[77]United StatesGetty Oil10.130.6
81989United KingdomBeecham Group[78]United StatesSmithKline Beckman7.920
91987United KingdomBP[79][80][81]United StatesStandard Oil of Ohio7.821.6
101981United StatesE. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company[82]United StatesConoco7.325.2
111988CanadaCampeau Corporation[83]United StatesFederated Department Stores6.617.5
121985United StatesGeneral Electric[84]United StatesRCA6.318.4
131982United StatesUnited States Steel Corp.[85]United StatesMarathon Oil6.019.5
141985United StatesKohlberg Kravis Roberts[86]United StatesBeatrice Companies6.017.5
151985United StatesPhilip Morris Companies[87]United StatesGeneral Foods5.817
161987CanadaDome Mines[88]CanadaPlacer Development
CanadaCampbell Red Lake Mines
5.816.1
171984United StatesMobil[89]United StatesSuperior Oil Company5.717.3
181988United KingdomGrand Metropolitan[90]United StatesPillsbury Company5.715.2
191989United StatesDow Chemical Company[91]United StatesMarion Laboratories5.714.5
201984United KingdomNetherlandsRoyal Dutch/Shell Group[92][93]United StatesShell Oil Company5.516.6
211989United KingdomHanson plc[94]United KingdomConsolidated Gold Fields5.514
221985United StatesGeneral Motors[95]United StatesHughes Aircraft Company5.215.2
231988United KingdomBritish American Tobacco(United StatesBatus Inc.)[96]United StatesFarmers Insurance Group5.213.8
241987United StatesJohn Philp Thompson Sr.[97]United StatesSouthland Corporation5.114.1
251988United StatesThomas F. Frist Jr.
United StatesRichard Rainwater[98][99]
United StatesHCA Healthcare5.113.6
261988United StatesEastman Kodak[100]United StatesSterling Drug5.113.6
271981FranceElf Aquitaine[101]United StatesTexasgulf Inc.5.017.3
281985United StatesR.J. Reynolds Industries[102]United StatesNabisco Brands4.914.3
291986United StatesBurroughs Corporation[103]United StatesSperry Corporation4.813.8
301989JapanSony[104]United StatesColumbia Pictures4.812.2

1990s

[edit]

Top M&A deals worldwide by value ($20 billion or larger) from 1990 to 1999:[105]

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
11999United KingdomVodafone Airtouch plc[106]GermanyMannesmann183.0345.4
21999United StatesPfizer[107]United StatesWarner-Lambert90.0169.9
31998United StatesExxon[108][109]United StatesMobil77.2148.9
41998United StatesCiticorp[110]United StatesTravelers Group70.0135
51999United StatesBell Atlantic(Wireless Unit)[111][a]United KingdomVodafone Airtouch plc(US Wireless Unit)70.0132.1
61998United KingdomZeneca[112]SwedenAstra AB67.0129.3
71998United StatesNationsBank[113]United StatesBank America62.0119.6
81999United StatesSBC Communications[114]United StatesAmeritech Corporation62.0117
91999United KingdomVodafone Group[115]United StatesAirTouch Communications56.0105.7
101999FranceTotalFina[116]FranceElf Aquitaine54.3102.5
111998United StatesBell Atlantic[117]United StatesGTE53.36102.9
121996United StatesBell Atlantic[118]United StatesNYNEX52.0104.3
131998United KingdomBP[119]United StatesAmoco49.094.5
141999United StatesAT&T[120]United StatesTele-Communications Inc.48.090.6
151999JapanThe Sumitomo Bank[121][122]JapanThe Sakura Bank45.585.9
161999United StatesQwest Communications[123]United StatesUS West44.083.1
171998GermanyHoechst AG[124]FranceRhône-Poulenc43.083
181999ScotlandRoyal Bank of Scotland Group[125]United KingdomNational Westminster Bank plc42.580.2
191999JapanFuji Bank[126][121]JapanDai-Ichi Kangyo Bank
JapanIndustrial Bank of Japan
40.175.7
201997SwitzerlandZurich Insurance Group[127]United KingdomBritish American Tobacco (Financial Division)38.074.4
211998GermanyDaimler-Benz[128]United StatesChrysler38.073.3
221997United StatesWorldcom[129]United StatesMCI Communications37.072.5
231999GermanyMannesmann[130]United KingdomOrange UK36.068
241999United StatesViacom[131]United StatesCBS Corporation35.667.2
251998United StatesWells Fargo[132]United StatesNorwest Corporation34.065.6
261999ItalyOlivetti[133]ItalyTelecom Italia(55% Stake)34.064.2
271995JapanMitsubishi Bank[134]JapanThe Bank of Tokyo33.869.7
281998United StatesBanc One[135]United StatesFirst Chicago Bank29.857.5
291996SwitzerlandCiba-Geigy[136]SwitzerlandSandoz27.054.1
301999United KingdomBP-Amoco[137]United StatesAtlantic Richfield Company26.850.6
311999United StatesMonsanto[138]United StatesPharmacia & Upjohn26.550
321999United StatesLucent[139]United StatesAscend Communications25.247.6
331997SwitzerlandUnion Bank of Switzerland[140]SwitzerlandSwiss Bank Corporation25.049
341999United StatesClear Channel Broadcasting[141]United StatesAMFM Broadcasting Licenses, LLC23.844.9
351998United StatesBerkshire Hathaway[142]United StatesGen Re22.042.4
361999FranceBanque Nationale de Paris[143]FranceParibas20.037.8

2000s

[edit]

Top M&A deals worldwide by value ($20 billion or larger) from 2000 to 2009:[105]

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)
12000United StatesAOL[144]United StatesTime Warner182.0332.3
22007FranceGaz de France[145]FranceSuez S.A.107.0162.3
32007ScotlandBelgiumSpainRFS Holdings[146][147]NetherlandsABN Amro98.0148.6
42004NetherlandsRoyal Dutch Petroleum[148][b]United KingdomShell Transport & Trading Company plc95.0158.1
52000United KingdomGlaxo Wellcome[149]United KingdomSmithKline Beecham76.0138.8
62001United StatesComcast[150]United StatesAT&T Broadband72.0127.9
72006ItalyBanca Intesa[151]ItalySanpaolo IMI71.0110.7
82009United StatesPfizer[152]United StatesWyeth68.099.7
92008United StatesUnited States Department of the Treasury[153][c]United StatesAmerican International Group67.899
102006United StatesAT&T[154][155]United StatesBellSouth67.0104.5
112008ItalyEnel
SpainAcciona[156]
SpainEndesa65.395.4
122004FranceSanofi[157]FranceAventis64.2106.9
132002United StatesAT&T[158]United StatesMediaOne62.0108.4
142002United StatesPfizer[159]United StatesPharmacia Corp.60.0104.9
152004United StatesJPMorgan Chase[160]United StatesBank One Corporation58.096.6
162008United KingdomHM Treasury[161][c]ScotlandRoyal Bank of Scotland Group58.084.7
172005United StatesProcter & Gamble[162]United StatesGillette57.091.8
182008BelgiumInBev[163]United StatesAnheuser-Busch52.075.9
192000GermanyDeutsche Telekom[164]United StatesVoicestream50.792.6
202008United KingdomLloyds TSB Group[165]United KingdomHBOS50.073
212008United StatesBank of America[166]United StatesMerrill Lynch & Co.50.073
222009United StatesUnited States Department of the Treasury[167][c]United StatesGeneral Motors49.572.5
232003United StatesBank of America[168]United StatesFleetBoston Financial47.080.3
242009SwitzerlandRoche Holding AG[169]United StatesGenentech46.868.6
252008United StatesUnited States Department of the Treasury[170][c]United StatesCitigroup45.065.7
262008United StatesUnited States Department of the Treasury[171][172][c]United StatesBank of America45.065.7
272009United StatesMerck & Co.[173]United StatesSchering-Plough41.160.2
282000United StatesJDS Uniphase[174]United StatesSDL Inc.41.074.9
292004United StatesCingular[175]United StatesAT&T Wireless41.068.3
302009United StatesExxonMobil[176]United StatesXTO Energy41.060.1
312000FranceFrance Télécom[177]United KingdomVodafone Airtouch plc(United KingdomOrange UK)40.373.6
322008SwitzerlandNovartis[178]United StatesAlcon39.057
332007United KingdomAustraliaRio Tinto[179]CanadaAlcan38.157.8
342000Hong KongPacific Century Cyber Works[180]Hong KongCable & Wireless HKT Ltd38.069.4
352005JapanTokyo Mitsubishi[181]JapanUFJ Holdings38.061.2
362006MexicoAmérica Móvil[182]MexicoAmérica Telecom37.057.7
372006United StatesThe Blackstone Group[183]United StatesEquity Office36.056.2
382005United StatesConocoPhillips[184]United StatesBurlington Resources35.657.3
392000United StatesChevron Corporation[185]United StatesTexaco35.063.9
402005United StatesSprint Corporation[186]United StatesNextel Communications35.056.3
412005United StatesBank of America[187]United StatesMBNA34.255.1
422000FranceVivendi[188]CanadaSeagram34.062.1
432006NetherlandsMittal Steel Company[189]LuxembourgArcelor33.6552.5
442007United StatesKohlberg Kravis Roberts
United StatesTexas Pacific Group[190]
United StatesTXU Corp.31.848.2
452005SpainTelefónica[191]United KingdomO231.650.9
462006FinlandNokia Corporation(Telecommunication Network Equipment Unit)[192][a]GermanySiemens AG(Telecommunication Network Equipment Unit)31.649.3
472000United StatesCitigroup[193]United StatesAssociates First Capital Corporation31.056.6
482000United StatesChase Manhattan Bank[194]United StatesJ.P. Morgan & Co.30.956.4
492007NorwayStatoil[195]NorwayNorsk Hydro30.045.5
502009United StatesComcast[196]United StatesGeneral Electric(United StatesNBCUniversal)30.044
512007United StatesKohlberg Kravis Roberts[197]United StatesFirst Data29.044
522007ItalyUniCredit[198]ItalyCapitalia29.044
532004BelgiumKBC Bank[199]BelgiumAlmanij28.1246.8
542008United StatesVerizon Wireless[200]United StatesAlltel28.141
552001AustraliaBHP Ltd.[201]United KingdomBilliton plc28.049.7
562003ItalyOlivetti[133]ItalyTelecom Italia(Remaining 45% Stake)27.847.5
572007United StatesTexas Pacific Group
United StatesGoldman Sachs Capital Partners[202]
United StatesAlltel27.541.7
582006United StatesBoston Scientific[203]United StatesGuidant27.242.4
592006United StatesThomas H. Lee Partners
United StatesBain Capital[204]
United StatesClear Channel Broadcasting26.741.6
602009United StatesBerkshire Hathaway[205]United StatesBurlington Northern Santa Fe Corp.26.338.5
612007United StatesThe Blackstone Group[206]United StatesHilton Hotels Corp26.039.4
622007United StatesFreeport-McMoRan[207]United StatesPhelps Dodge25.939.3
632006United StatesWachovia[208]United StatesGolden West Financial25.539.8
642008United KingdomHM Treasury[209][c]United KingdomLloyds Banking Group25.437.1
652008United StatesApollo Management
United StatesTexas Pacific Group[210]
United StatesHarrahs Entertainment25.136.7
662001United StatesHewlett Packard Company[211]United StatesCompaq25.044.4
672008United StatesUnited States Department of the Treasury[212][c]United StatesJPMorgan Chase25.036.5
682008United StatesUnited States Department of the Treasury[213][c]United StatesWells Fargo25.036.5
692008NetherlandsMinistry of Finance[214][c]BelgiumFortis(Dutch Unit)23.334
702001United StatesAmerican International Group[215]United StatesAmerican General23.040.8
712008United StatesMars, Incorporated[216]United StatesWm. Wrigley Jr. Company23.033.6
722007SpainIberdrola[217]ScotlandScottish Power22.534.1
732006United StatesRichard Kinder
United StatesGoldman Sachs Capital Partners
United StatesThe Carlyle Group
United StatesRiverstone Holdings
United StatesAmerican International Group[218]
United StatesKinder Morgan22.034.3
742007United StatesKohlberg Kravis Roberts
ItalyStefano Pessina[219]
United KingdomAlliance Boots22.033.4
752006GermanyBayer[220]GermanySchering AG21.533.5
762000United StatesVerisign[221]United StatesNetwork Solutions21.038.3
772000United StatesFirstar Corporation[222]United StatesU.S. Bancorp21.038.3
782006United StatesThomas F. Frist Jr.
United StatesBain Capital
United StatesKohlberg Kravis Roberts
United StatesMerrill Lynch Global Private Equity[223]
United StatesHCA Healthcare21.032.8
792006United StatesCVS[224]United StatesCaremark RX21.032.8
802007United StatesBank of America[225]NetherlandsABN AMRO(United StatesLaSalle Bank)21.031.8
812000United KingdomNetherlandsUnilever[226]United StatesBestfoods20.337.1
822001GermanyAllianz[227]GermanyDresdner Bank20.035.5
832006SpainFerrovial[228]United KingdomBAA plc20.031.2

2010s

[edit]

Top M&A deals worldwide by value ($20 billion or larger) from 2010 to 2019:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)(with debt)
Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)(with debt)
Ref
12013United StatesVerizon CommunicationsUnited KingdomVodafone Group(RemainingVerizon Wireless 45% Stake)130.0175.5[229]
22015United StatesDow ChemicalUnited StatesE. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company130.0172.5[230]
32019United StatesUnited Technologies(Aerospace Division)United StatesRaytheon121.0148.8[231][232][233][234]
42015BelgiumAB InBevUnited KingdomSABMiller107.0141.9[235]
52015United StatesHeinzUnited StatesKraft100.0132.7[236]
62018United StatesEnergy Transfer EquityUnited StatesEnergy Transfer Partners90.0112.7[237][238]
72017GermanyLinde AGUnited StatesPraxair86.0110.3[239][240][d]
82016United StatesAT&TUnited StatesTime Warner85.4 —108.7111.9 —142.4[241]
92015Hong KongCheung Kong HoldingsHong KongHutchison Whampoa85.0112.8[242]
102015United StatesCharter CommunicationsUnited StatesTime Warner Cable78.7104.4[243]
112019United StatesBristol-Myers SquibbUnited StatesCelgene74.0 —95.091 —116.8[244][245][246][247]
122018United StatesThe Walt Disney CompanyUnited States21st Century Fox71.3 —85.189.3 —106.6[248][249]
132014United StatesKinder MorganUnited StatesKinder Morgan Energy Partners
United States Kinder Morgan Management
United States El Paso Pipeline Partners
71.094.3[250]
142015Republic of IrelandUnited StatesActavisUnited StatesAllergan, Inc70.593.5[251][d]
152015NetherlandsUnited KingdomRoyal Dutch ShellUnited KingdomBG Group70.0 —81.992.9 —108.6[252][253]
162019Saudi ArabiaSaudi AramcoSaudi ArabiaSABIC69.185[254]
172017United StatesCVS HealthUnited StatesAetna69.088.5[255][256][257]
182015United StatesDellUnited StatesEMC Corporation67.088.9[258]
192018JapanTakeda PharmaceuticalRepublic of IrelandUnited KingdomShire plc64.380.5[259][260][261]
202019United StatesAbbVieRepublic of IrelandUnited StatesAllergan plc63.077.5[262]
212019United KingdomGlaxoSmithKline(Consumer Health Unit)United StatesPfizer(Consumer Health Unit)62.877.2[263][264][a]
222014SwitzerlandHolcimFranceLafarge S.A.60.079.7[265]
232017FranceEssilorItalyLuxottica58.575[266]
242013RussiaRosneftRussiaTNK-BP55.074.2[267]
252016GermanyBayerUnited StatesMonsanto54.5 —63.571.4 —83.2[268][269]
262018United StatesCignaUnited StatesExpress Scripts54.0 —67.067.6 —83.9[270]
272019FranceGroupe PSAUnited KingdomFiat Chrysler50.061.5[271]
282014United StatesAT&TUnited StatesDirecTV49.0 —67.165.1 —89.1[272]
292017United KingdomBritish American TobaccoUnited StatesR. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company49.062.9[273]
302019United StatesDuPont(Nutrition & Biosciences Division)United StatesInternational Flavors & Fragrances45.455.8[274]
312016ChinaChemChinaSwitzerlandSyngenta43.056.3[275]
322014United StatesMedtronicRepublic of IrelandUnited StatesCovidien42.957[276][d]
332015IsraelTeva Pharmaceutical IndustriesRepublic of IrelandUnited StatesAllergan plc(Republic of IrelandUnited StatesActavis Generics)40.553.7[277][278][279]
342018United StatesComcast CorporationUnited KingdomSky plc39.048.8[280][281][282]
352018GermanyE.ON SEGermanyInnogy SE38.548.2[283]
362019United StatesOccidental Petroleum CorpUnited StatesAnadarko Petroleum38.0 —57.046.7 —70.1[284]
372015United StatesBerkshire HathawayUnited StatesPrecision Castparts37.249.3[285]
382015SingaporeAvago TechnologiesUnited StatesBroadcom Corporation37.049.1[286]
392018United StatesT-Mobile USUnited StatesSprint Corporation37.046.3[287][288]
402019United StatesFidelity National Information ServicesUnited StatesWorldpay, Inc.35.0 —4343 —52.9[289]
412018United StatesHarris CorporationUnited StatesL3 Technologies34.042.6[290]
422018United StatesIBMUnited StatesRed Hat34.042.6[291]
432016Republic of IrelandUnited KingdomShire plcUnited StatesBaxalta32.0 —3541.9 —45.9[292][293][d]
442016JapanSoftbank GroupUnited KingdomArm Holdings31.441.1[294]
452012SwitzerlandGlencoreSwitzerlandXstrata31.042.5[295]
462010FranceGDF SuezUnited KingdomInternational Power30.043.3[296]
472016United StatesGeneral Electric(United StatesGE Oil and Gas)United StatesBaker Hughes30.039.3[297]
482017United StatesUnited TechnologiesUnited StatesRockwell Collins30.038.5[298]
492017United StatesJohnson & JohnsonSwitzerlandActelion30.038.5[299]
502019JapanYahoo! JapanJapanLine Corporation30.036.9[300]
512012United StatesT-Mobile USUnited StatesMetroPCS29.640.5[301]
522011United StatesExpress ScriptsUnited StatesMedco Health Solutions29.140.7[302]
532015SwitzerlandACE LtdUnited StatesChubb Corporation28.337.5[303]
542016CanadaEnbridgeUnited StatesSpectra Energy28.036.7[304]
552019United StatesBB&TUnited StatesSunTrust Banks28.034.4[305]
562014United StatesReynolds AmericanUnited StatesLorillard Tobacco Company27.436.4[306]
572016CanadaAgriumCanadaPotash Corp of Saskatchewan Inc27.035.4[307]
582019United KingdomLondon Stock Exchange GroupUnited KingdomRefinitiv27.033.2[308]
592016United StatesMicrosoftUnited StatesLinkedIn Corp26.234.3[309]
602011United StatesDuke EnergyUnited StatesProgress Energy Inc26.036.3[310]
612019United StatesCharles SchwabUnited StatesTD Ameritrade26.032[311]
622014Republic of IrelandUnited StatesActavisUnited StatesForest Laboratories25.033.2[312][d]
632015CanadaEnbridge Income FundCanadaEnbridge (Canadian liquids pipeline business & certain renewable energy assets)25.033.2[313]
642016United StatesAbbott LaboratoriesUnited StatesSt Jude Medical25.0 —30.532.8 —40[314]
652019United StatesViacomUnited StatesCBS Corporation25.030.7[315]
662019United StatesPfizer(Upjohn Off-Patent Medicine Division)NetherlandsUnited StatesMylan25.030.7[316]
672017FranceUnibail-Rodamco SEAustraliaWestfield Corporation24.731.7[317]
682013United StatesMichael Dell
United StatesSilver Lake Partners
United StatesDell24.432.9[318][319]
692010United StatesCenturyLinkUnited StatesQwest Corporation24.034.6[320]
702012SpainMinistry of EconomySpainBankia24.032.9[321][c]
712015NetherlandsVimpelCom(Italian Assets)Cayman IslandsHong KongCK Hutchison Holdings(Italian Assets)24.031.8[322][a]
722016United StatesCenturyLinkUnited StatesLevel 3 Communications24.031.4[323]
732017United StatesBecton, Dickinson and CompanyUnited StatesC. R. Bard24.030.8[324]
742018United StatesDellUnited StatesVMware23.929.9[325][326]
752013United StatesLiberty GlobalUnited KingdomVirgin Media23.331.5[327][328][d]
762017United StatesVisa Inc.United KingdomVisa Europe23.329.9[329]
772013United StatesBerkshire Hathaway
United States3G Capital
United StatesHeinz23.031[330]
782014FranceNumericableFranceSFR23.030.5[331][332]
792017United KingdomVodafone Group(Indian Operations)IndiaIdea Cellular23.029.5[333][a]
802018United StatesMarathon Petroleum CorpUnited StatesAndeavor23.0 —35.628.8 —44.6[334]
812012JapanNippon SteelJapanSumitomo Metal Industries22.4530.7[335]
822014United StatesFacebook, IncUnited StatesWhatsApp Inc.22.029.2[336]
832018ItalyAtlantia
SpainGrupo ACS
SpainAbertis22.027.5[337]
842019United StatesFiservUnited StatesFirst Data22.027.1[338]
852018United KingdomVodafone GroupUnited KingdomLiberty Global(Germany & Eastern Europe Ops)21.827.3[339]
862012JapanSoftbank GroupUnited StatesSprint Corporation21.629.6[340][341]
872010NetherlandsVimpelComNetherlandsWeather Investments21.531[342]
882019United StatesGlobal PaymentsUnited StatesTSYS21.526.4[343]
892019United StatesDanaher CorporationUnited StatesGE(Biopharma Division)21.426.3[344]
902011United StatesJohnson & JohnsonSwitzerlandSynthes21.329.8[345]
912010MexicoAmérica MóvilMexicoTelmex21.030.3[346]
922011United StatesKinder MorganUnited StatesEl Paso Corporation21.029.4[347]
932015United StatesMPLXUnited StatesMarkWest Energy21.027.9[348]
942015United StatesAbbVieUnited StatesPharmacyclics21.027.9[349]
952018United StatesKeurig Green MountainUnited StatesDr Pepper Snapple Group21.026.3[350]
962011FranceSanofiUnited StatesGenzyme20.128.1[351]
972012BelgiumAB InBevMexicoGrupo Modelo20.127.5[352]
982016United StatesEnergy Transfer PartnersUnited StatesSunoco Logistics Partners20.026.2[353]
992016France SACAM MutualisationFranceCrédit Agricole(39 Regional Operators)20.026.2[354]
1002018United StatesThe Blackstone GroupCanadaThomson Reuters(Financial & Risk Unit)20.025[355][a]

2020s

[edit]

Top M&A deals worldwide by value ($20 billion or larger) from 2020 to 2029:

Key
Pending
RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)(with debt)
Inflation adjusted
(in billions USD)(with debt)
Ref
12026United StatesSpaceXUnited StatesxAI250.0250[356]
2 †2025United StatesUnion Pacific RailroadUnited StatesNorfolk Southern Railway85.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[357]
32020United KingdomUnilever plcNetherlandsUnilever N.V.81.098.4[358][b]
42021AustraliaBHP Group LimitedUnited KingdomBHP Group plc80.793.6[359][b]
5 †2025United StatesNetflix, Inc.United StatesWarner Bros. Discovery (TV, film studios and streaming division)72.0 —82.7Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[360]
62021United KingdomRoyal Dutch Shell plcNetherlandsRoyal Dutch Shell N.V.71.583[361][b]
72022United StatesMicrosoftUnited StatesActivision Blizzard68.773.8[362][363]
82022United StatesBroadcom Inc.United StatesVMware61.0 —69.065.5 —74.1[364]
92022IndiaHDFC BankIndiaHousing Development Finance Corporation60.064.5[365]
10 †2025AustriaOMV(AustriaBorealis 75% stake)
United Arab EmiratesADNOC(AustriaBorealis 25% stake)
United Arab EmiratesADNOC(United Arab EmiratesBorouge 54% stake)
AustriaBorealis(United Arab EmiratesBorouge 36% stake)
60.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[366][a]
112023United StatesExxonMobilUnited StatesPioneer Natural Resources59.5 —64.561.4 —66.6[367]
12 †2026United StatesDevon EnergyUnited StatesCoterra58.058[368]
132022ItalyEdizione
United StatesBlackstone Inc.
ItalyAtlantia56.3260.5[369]
14 †2025Saudi ArabiaPublic Investment Fund
United StatesSilver Lake
United StatesAffinity Partners
United StatesElectronic Arts55.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[370]
152023United StatesChevron CorporationUnited StatesHess Corporation53.0 —60.054.7 —61.9[371]
16 †2025United KingdomAnglo American plcCanadaTeck Resources53.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[372]
17 †2025United StatesKimberly-ClarkUnited StatesKenvue48.7Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[373]
182020United StatesS&P GlobalUnited KingdomIHS Markit44.053.5[374]
192022United StatesElon MuskUnited StatesTwitter, Inc.44.047.3[375][376]
202021United StatesDiscovery, Inc.United StatesAT&T(United StatesWarnerMedia)43.049.9[377][378]
212023United StatesPfizerUnited StatesSeagen43.044.4[379]
222020JapanNippon Telegraph and TelephoneJapanNTT Docomo40.048.6[380]
23 †2025United States AI Infrastructure Partnership
United StatesMicrosoft
United StatesNvidia
United StatesBlackRock
United StatesBlackRock (United StatesGlobal Infrastructure Partners)
United StatesxAI
United Arab EmiratesMGX Fund Management Limited
SingaporeTemasek
AustraliaMacquarie Group(United States Aligned Data Centers)40.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[381]
242020United KingdomAstraZenecaUnited StatesAlexion Pharmaceuticals39.047.4[382]
252020United KingdomLiberty Global(United KingdomVirgin Media)SpainTelefónica(United KingdomO2)38.046.2[383][384][a]
262024United StatesCapital OneUnited StatesDiscover Financial35.335.3[385]
272020United StatesAdvanced Micro DevicesUnited StatesXilinx35.042.5[386]
282024United StatesSynopsysUnited StatesAnsys35.035[387]
292021United StatesBlackstone Inc
United StatesThe Carlyle Group
United StatesHellman & Friedman
United StatesMedline Industries34.039.5[388]
302023United StatesBermudaBunge LimitedNetherlandsViterra34.035.1[389]
312025United StatesxAIUnited StatesX Corp.33.0 —45.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[390]
32 †2025JapanToyota Motor CorporationJapanToyota Industries33.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[391]
33 †2025United StatesAlphabet Inc.United StatesWiz, Inc.32.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[392]
342021CanadaCanadian Pacific RailwayUnited StatesKansas City Southern31.036[393]
352021Republic of IrelandAerCapUnited StatesGeneral Electric(Republic of IrelandUnited StatesGECAS)30.034.8[394]
362024United StatesMars Inc.United StatesKellanova30.0 —35.930 —35.9[395]
372021United StatesSquare, Inc.AustraliaAfterpay29.033.7[396]
382021United StatesOracle CorporationUnited StatesCerner Corporation28.332.8[397]
392023United StatesCiscoUnited StatesSplunk28.028.9[398]
402022United StatesAmgenRepublic of IrelandUnited StatesHorizon Therapeutics27.829.9[399]
412020United StatesSalesforce.comUnited StatesSlack Technologies27.733.7[400]
422022United StatesPrologisUnited StatesDuke Realty26.027.9[401]
432024United StatesDiamondback EnergyUnited StatesEndeavor Energy Resources26.026[402]
442025United StatesPalo Alto NetworksIsraelCyberArk25.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[403]
452025United StatesGlobal PaymentsUnited StatesGTCR(United StatesWorldpay 55% stake)
United StatesFIS(United StatesWorldpay 45% stake)
24.25Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[404]
46 †2025United StatesAT&TUnited StatesEchoStar (Various Wireless Spectrum Licenses)23.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[405]
472021GermanyVonoviaGermanyDeutsche Wohnen22.726.3[406]
482020United StatesHuntington BancsharesUnited StatesTCF Financial Corporation22.026.7[407]
49 †2025United StatesCharter CommunicationsUnited StatesCox Enterprises(United StatesCox Communications)21.9 —34.5Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[408]
502022FranceOrange S.A.(SpainOrange España)SpainGrupo MásMóvil21.322.9[409][a]
512020United StatesAnalog DevicesUnited StatesMaxim Integrated21.025.5[410]
522020JapanSeven & i HoldingsUnited StatesMarathon Petroleum (United StatesSpeedway LLC)21.025.5[411]
532020United StatesGilead SciencesUnited StatesImmunomedics21.025.5[412]
542022NetherlandsDSMSwitzerlandFirmenich21.022.6[413]
552023United StatesEndeavor Group(United StatesZuffa)United StatesWWE21.021.7[414]
56 †2025United StatesAbbott LaboratoriesUnited StatesExact Sciences Corp.21.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".[415]
572021CanadaRogers CommunicationsCanadaShaw Communications20.824.1[416]
582021SwitzerlandRocheSwitzerlandNovartis (Entire 1/3 voting stake inRoche)20.724[417]
592020United StatesAdvent International
United KingdomCinven
Germany RAG-Stiftung
GermanyThyssenKrupp(Elevator Division)20.424.8[418]
602023United StatesKKRItalyTIM Group(Fixed Line Network)20.020.6[419]

State-owned enterprises

[edit]

Top M&A deals worldwide by value ($20 billion or larger) between state-owned enterprises:

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTotal asset value
(billions USD)
Inflation adjusted
(billions USD)
Note
12017ChinaShenhua GroupChinaChina Guodian Corporation278.0356.6In August 2017,SASAC announced thatChina Guodian Corporation (one of China's largest coal-fired power generators) andShenhua Group (China's biggest coal miner) would be jointly restructured, with Shenhua Group becomingChina Energy Investment Corporation and absorbing China Guodian Corporation to become the largest power company in the world by installed capacity.[420][421]
22015ChinaChina MinmetalsChinaChina Metallurgical Group245.6325.8In December 2016, China continued its consolidation drive, focusing on their mining sector where China Minmetals Corp took over equipment maker China Metallurgical Group Corp. Minmetals was China's biggest steel and base metals trader with revenue of more than $50 billion last year, whilst China Metallurgical Group reported revenues of more than $33 billion.[422][423]
32017China SinograinChina China National Cotton Reserves Corp.213.0273.2In January 2017, the Chinese government confirmed the merger of China National Cotton Reserves Corp and Sinograin as part of their drive to reduce the number of state-owned enterprises to a target of 100.[424]
42018ChinaChemChinaChinaSinochem120.0150.3Merger of the Chinese state-controlledChemChina andSinochem in a deal reported to be worth $120 billion.[425] The merger would create the largest entity in the industrial chemicals industry, overtakingBASF.[426][427][428][429] In January 2020 ChemChina and Sinochem consolidated their agricultural assets into a new holding company, to be called Syngenta Group.[430]
52015ChinaChina Power InvestmentChinaState Nuclear Power Technology Corporation112.6149.4In June 2015 the Chinese cabinet approved plans to merge state-owned China Power Investment (CPIC) with State Nuclear Power Technology increasing the exports of nuclear technology from the country, creating the new entityChina Power New Energy Development Company Limited, with assets of more than $112.6 billion and annual revenues of more than $32.6 billion.[431][432]
62018ChinaChina National Nuclear CorpChina China Nuclear Engineering & Construction99.0124Merger of China's second largest nuclear power producer, and their top nuclear power plant builder.[433]
72020China China Oil and Gas Pipeline Network
(PipeChina)
ChinaPetroChina
(Major oil and gas pipelines and storage facility assets)
ChinaSinopec
(Kanton's Yulin Pipeline Co & Beihai LNG terminal)
55.967.9PetroChina, China's state-owned oil and gas firm, announced it would sell its major oil and gas pipelines and storage facilities to a newly created State-owned enterprise, China Oil and Gas Pipeline Network, for $55.9 billion. This will lead to the creation of a new company, PipeChina, of which PetroChina will own a 29.9% equity stake worth around $21 billion, with the balance of the transaction paid in cash.Sinopec also announced it would sell some oil and gas pipeline assets to PipeChina for around $6 billion, of which over $3 billion will be used for an equity interest stake.[434] After the deals have completed, PipeChina will have a market capitalisation of 500 billion yuan ($71.3 billion); PetroChina will own 29.9% of the business, Sinopec 14% and CNOOC Gas and Power (a subsidiaryCNOOC Group) will own 2.9%.[435]
82014ChinaCITIC PacificHong KongCITIC Limited50.066.4CITIC Pacific Ltd completed its acquisition of 100 percent of CITIC Ltd after receiving all necessary regulatory approvals, and became China's largest conglomerate with a market value of about $50 billion.[436]
92000Hong KongChina Mobile (Hong Kong) LtdChina Beijing Mobile
China Shanghai Mobile
China Tianjin Mobile
China Hebei Mobile
China Liaoning Mobile
China Shandong Mobile
China Guangxi Mobile
34.262.4China Mobile acquired seven Chinese state-owned mobile communications businesses as part of a consolidation effort.[437]
102020RussiaMinistry of FinanceRussiaCentral Bank of Russia
(RussiaSberbank of Russia 50% Stake)
28.3134.4Russia tapped theRussian National Wealth Fund to buy the central bank's stake in Sberbank, ending years of debate about potential conflicts of interest arising from the central bank controlling the country's top lender.[438][439]
112008ChinaChina UnicomChinaChina Netcom24.035.1The merger took place as part of the first step in the country's reshuffling of its telecom shops.[440]

Largest ever deals which have failed to complete

[edit]

This lists catalogues M&A deals ($20 billion or larger in transaction value) which were confirmed, but for a number of reasons, failed to complete.

RankYearPurchaserPurchasedTransaction value
(in billions USD)
Inflation adjusted valueNote
12020United KingdomAstra ZenecaUnited StatesGilead Sciences232.0281.9Astra Zeneca approached Gilead about a merger; however, a combination of a lack of interest from Gilead and theCOVID-19 pandemic led to any further talking being dropped. The deal also floundered due to the potential to distract both companies from their own pipelines and ongoing COVID-19 vaccine efforts.[441][442][443]
22019United StatesAltriaUnited StatesPhilip Morris International200.0246The merger was called off after a chilly reaction from investors, vaping related illnesses, and Altria's increasingly scrutinized $12.8 billion investment in vaping leaderJuul.[444]
32015United StatesPfizerRepublic of IrelandUnited StatesAllergan, plc160.0212.2The deal fell through over changes made totax inversion legislation by theGovernment of the United States.[445]
42008United KingdomAustraliaBHP BillitonUnited KingdomAustraliaRio Tinto148.0216.1As commodity prices fell in value, the deal became too risky for BHP Billiton to complete.[446][445]
52017United StatesKraft HeinzUnited KingdomNetherlandsUnilever143.0183.4Kraft's offer was an 18% premium to Unilever's closing share price the day before the announcement, however Unilever Executives claimed the deal undervalued the company,[447] as well as job-cut implications and regulator approval issues.[448] The bid was formally dropped on February 19, citing the complexities of acquiring control in a Dutch entity without the support of shareholders.[449]
62023United StatesCignaUnited StatesHumana140.0144.5The deal talks ended due to the parties not being able to agree on price. Also governmental antitrust action was a concern.[450]
71999United StatesMCI WorldComUnited StatesSprint129.0243.5The USDepartment of Justice andEuropean Commission prohibited the merger on competition grounds, with the DoJ filing a lawsuit against the transaction.[445][451][452][453]
82014United StatesPfizerUnited KingdomAstra Zeneca123.0163.4Significant concerns were raised by theGovernment of the United Kingdom over job security, in the end leading to a deal being abandoned due to resistance from the AstraZeneca Board.[445]
92018United StatesBroadcomUnited StatesQualcomm121.0151.5Qualcomm claimed that Broadcom had undervalued the business but did propose to meet Broadcom officials, with the initial offer of $121 billion ($140 billion with debt).[454][455] On February 21, Broadcom reduced their offer to $117 billion in light of Qualcomms increased bid for NXP Semiconductors.[456]
102018United StatesBroadcomUnited StatesQualcomm117.0146.5On February 21, Broadcom reduced their offer to $117 billion in light of Qualcomms increased bid for NXP Semiconductors.[456] The deal was effectively blocked after US PresidentDonald Trump blocked any deal based upon national security grounds.[457]
112009United KingdomAustraliaBHP Billiton(West Australian Iron Ore Assets)United KingdomAustraliaRio Tinto(West Australian Iron Ore Assets)116.0170Mining giants Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton abandoned a controversial merger of their Australian iron ore operations after anti-competition complaints from regulators and top customers includingChina.[458]
121999United StatesMCI WorldComUnited StatesSprint111.0209.5The Board of Sprint claimed that the first deal undervalued the company and thus rejected the proposal.[445]
132025United StatesParamount SkydanceUnited StatesWarner Bros. Discovery108.4Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".Warner Bros. Discovery's board rejected the hostile takeover bid and called it "illusory" as it accused Paramount Skydance of misleading shareholders about its financing.[459]
142014United StatesPfizerUnited KingdomAstra Zeneca106.0140.8AstraZeneca claimed the deal undervalued the company.[460][461]
152018United StatesBroadcomUnited StatesQualcomm103.0129$130 billion with assumed debt ($103 billion without), Qualcomm shareholders would get $60 in cash and $10 per share in Broadcom shares. Qualcomm rejected Broadcom's $103 billion takeover bid, saying the offer “dramatically” undervalued the U.S. company.[462][463]
162006United StatesKohlberg Kravis Roberts
United StatesTexas Pacific Group
United StatesThe Home Depot100.0156In a filing with theSecurities & Exchange Commission, Home Depot said that its board "unanimously" supports the management team and its current strategy. The potential world recordLBO bid never came to fruition after that.[464]
172014United StatesPfizerUnited KingdomAstra Zeneca98.9131.4AstraZeneca claimed the deal undervalued the company.[465]
182016United StatesHoneywellUnited StatesUnited Technologies90.0117.9Honeywell dropped a bid to acquire United Technologies, citing potential regulatory hurdles.[466][467]
192007United KingdomBarclaysNetherlandsABN AMRO89.6135.9Barclays lost out afterRBS Group,Fortis, andBanco Santander bid $98 billion with the plan to break ABN AMRO between the three banks.[468]
201999United StatesPfizerUnited StatesWarner-Lambert82.4155.5Pfizer made a hostile bid, just after the announcement of a $65 billion deal with American Home Products, the eventual purchase price would be in excess of $90 billion.[469][470][471]
211999GermanyDeutsche TelekomItalyTelecom Italia81.0152.9Olivetti was able to sway key Telecom Italia shareholders and win control of 51% of shares, killing the proposed merger of the telecommunication giants.[472][473]
222014United States21st Century FoxUnited StatesTime Warner80.0106.321st Century Fox abandoned its takeover of Time Warner, due to the unwillingness of the Time Warner Board to engage with the Fox executives. This also caused a sharp dip in Fox's stock price which made a deal unattractive to Fox shareholders.[474][475]
231998United StatesAmerican Home ProductsUnited KingdomSmithKline Beecham77.0148.5The deal was reportedly killed in response to British regulators who feared losing jobs to a proposed U.S. headquarters location.[476][477]
242019United StatesKKRUnited StatesWalgreens Boots Alliance70.086.1KKR did not follow through with a formal bid as the potential world recordLBO was simply deemed too large.[478][479]
252021United KingdomUnileverUnited KingdomGlaxoSmithKline(Consumer Health Unit)68.479.4Unilever made the offer for Glaxo's household brands unit in late 2021 but Glaxo's board andPfizer, which owns a minority stake in the business, rejected the bid as too low.[480]
262009SwitzerlandXstrataUnited KingdomAnglo American plc68.099.7Anglo American rejected rival mining group Xstrata's “merger of equals” proposal, knocking a no-premium marriage and a combination with what it regarded as Xstrata's inferior mines.[481]
272004United StatesComcastUnited StatesDisney66.0109.9Comcast executives abandoned the deal to buy Walt Disney after both investors and Disney executives failed to agree on the acquisition.[482]
281999United StatesWarner–LambertUnited StatesAmerican Home Products65.0122.7Following the merger announcement, Pfizer filed a complaint against Warner-Lambert and initiated an ultimately successful hostile takeover. Pfizer was looking to secure the full rights toLipitor which was co-marketed with Warner-Lambert.[483][484]
292018United StatesComcastUnited States21st Century Fox65.081.4Main Article:Acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney
302018JapanTakeda PharmaceuticalRepublic of IrelandUnited KingdomShire62.578.3Third bid, unanimously rejected by the Shire Board, who concluded that it significantly undervalued the company, its growth prospects as well as pipeline.[485]
312018JapanTakeda PharmaceuticalRepublic of IrelandUnited KingdomShire62.177.8Fourth bid with enhanced cash component, super-ceded by a fifth bid on April 24.[486]
322018JapanTakeda PharmaceuticalRepublic of IrelandUnited KingdomShire61.076.4Second bid, unanimously rejected by the Shire Board, who concluded that it significantly undervalued the company, its growth prospects as well as pipeline.[485]
332002United StatesComcastUnited StatesMediaOne60.0104.9Comcast initially bid $60 billion in stock for MediaOne but AT&T trumped them with a better offer of $62 billion in cash and stock.[158]
342020United StatesNextEra EnergyUnited StatesDuke Energy60.072.9NextEra Energy approached Duke Energy about a possible merger; however, Duke Energy rejected the bid. Even had Duke Energy accepted, the deal would have been unlikely to close due to regulatory hurdles particularly in the Carolinas, and Florida.[487][488]
352018JapanTakeda PharmaceuticalRepublic of IrelandUnited KingdomShire58.272.9First bid, unanimously rejected by the Shire Board, who concluded that it significantly undervalued the company, its growth prospects as well as pipeline.[485]
362025United StatesParamount SkydanceUnited StatesWarner Bros. Discovery57.0Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2024) in index "US".Warner Bros. Discovery CEODavid Zaslav believed the company was worth $30 per share, or around $70 billion, and convinced the board to reject the bid. Paramount Skydance CEODavid Ellison is expected to increase his bid.[489]
372007GermanyE.ONSpainEndesa54.081.9Intervention from the Spanish Government delayed the planned takeover and E.ON's offer was eventually trumped by a $65.3 billion deal withEnel andAcciona. The two divested several Spanish assets to E.ON upon completion.[490][491][492]
382014United StatesAbbVieRepublic of IrelandUnited KingdomShire54.071.7The deal fell through over changes made totax inversion legislation by theUS Government.[493]
392014CanadaValeant PharmaceuticalsUnited StatesAllergan Inc54.071.7Allergan argued that the Valeant cash-and-stock offer, would hurt its shareholders, given the Canadian drug-maker's history of cutting research and development spending at companies it acquires. Allergan would be acquired byActavis and formAllergan.[494]
402017United StatesDisneyUnited States21st Century Fox52.467.2Main Article:Acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney
411999FranceElf AquitaineFranceTotalFina50.094.4After TotalFina's hostile bid for Elf Aquitaine, Elf Aquitaine submitted their own hostile bid for TotalFina. They eventually consummated a 'friendly' merger.[495][496]
422008IndiaBharti AirtelSouth AfricaMTN Group50.073Bharti called off negotiations after MTN turned Bharti's takeover plan upside down, proposing to take over Bharti instead.[497]
432026JapanSoftBank GroupUnited StatesSwitch50.050Masayoshi Son wished to acquire the energy-efficient data center operator to roll outStargate AI infrastructure. However, some within SoftBank became wary about the size of the deal and the logistics of running data center campuses from Las Vegas to Atlanta. Son then conceded that a full acquisition was off the table and scrapped a planned January announcement.[498]
442024AustraliaBHP Group LimitedUnited KingdomAnglo American plc49.1849.2Anglo American rejected the third bid from BHP in a month. The structure of any deal and the fate of Anglo's businesses in South Africa remain big obstacles, with Anglo chairmanStuart Chambers highlighting concerns about completion and execution risks in BHP's proposal.[499]
452007CanadaTeachers' Private Capital
United StatesProvidence Equity
United StatesMadison Dearborn Partners
CanadaBCE Inc48.573.5Due to the tightening of thecredit market caused by thesubprime mortgage crisis, the investment banks financing the deal – led byCitigroup,Deutsche Bank and theRoyal Bank of Scotland – started negotiations on May 16, 2008, to revise the terms of their loans with greater interest rates and greater restrictions to protect themselves. On November 26, 2008, BCE announced thatKPMG had informed BCE that it would not be able to issue a statement on the solvency of the company after itsprivatization, one of the required conditions of the buyout. As a result, the purchase was cancelled.[500][501]
462015United StatesAnthemUnited StatesCigna48.063.7The transaction was blocked by US Federal Judges on grounds of diminished competition and the 'irreparable harm' that would be done to the US health insurance market.[502]
472008United StatesMicrosoftUnited StatesYahoo!47.569.4Yahoo pulled out of talks with Microsoft after they agreed to let Google sell search ads on its site.[503]
482015United StatesMonsantoSwitzerlandSyngenta46.561.7Monsanto dropped its hostile bid for Syngenta, refocusing on its five-year plan to double earnings and avoid a backlash from large shareholders.[504] Subsequently,Bayer purchasedMonsanto, withChemChina acquiringSyngenta.
492014United StatesComcastUnited StatesTime Warner Cable45.260Main Article:Attempted purchase of Time Warner Cable by Comcast
501996SwitzerlandCredit SuisseSwitzerlandUnion Bank of Switzerland45.090.2UBS not only spurned the offer from CS Holding but insisted that it had been "taken aback" by its rival's offer.[505]
512000United StatesGeneral ElectricUnited StatesHoneywell45.082.2The EU Competition commission recommended blocking the deal, arguing that the merger would reduce competition – specifically within the aerospace industry – which could end up generating higher prices for consumers.[506][507]
522012NetherlandsEADSUnited KingdomBAE Systems45.061.6Lack of investor support, coupled with opposition from theUK Government,German Government and theFrench Government (which also has a direct holding inEADS).[508]
532018United StatesQualcommNetherlandsNXP Semiconductors44.055.1Qualcomm raised their offer from $110 per share to $127.50 per share after pressure from activist investors.[509] In 2018, China failed to approve the merger, leading to its cancellation by Qualcomm on July 26, 2018.[510]
542024AustraliaBHP Group LimitedUnited KingdomAnglo American plc42.742.7Anglo American rejected the improved bid saying that it "continues to significantly undervalue".[511]
551999FranceBanque Nationale de ParisFranceParibas
FranceSociété Générale
41.077.4BNP launched a dual bid to create a European super-bank and to break up the planned Paribas-SocGen merger. The three party merger failed after SocGen shareholders did not tender enough shares. Paribas did successfully merge with BNP.[512][513][514]
562000United StatesUnited TechnologiesUnited StatesHoneywell40.073United Technologies ended merger talks with Honeywell after it had emerged that General Electric had dealt a counter-offer.[515][516]
572008FranceFrance TélécomSwedenTeliaSonera40.058.4France Telecom withdrew its bid after the two parties could not reach an agreement on the terms of the deal.[517]
582010United KingdomAustraliaBHP BillitonCanadaPotashCorp40.057.7Potash Corp rejected the offer claiming it undervalued the company.[518]
592015IsraelTeva Pharmaceutical IndustriesNetherlandsUnited StatesMylan40.053.1In April, Teva offered to acquireMylan for $40 billion,[519] only a fortnight after Mylan offered to acquirePerrigo for $29 billion.[520] Teva's offer for Mylan was contingent on Mylan abandoning its acquisition of Perrigo.[521] Mylan stated in June 2015 that Teva's disclosure that it had a 1.35 percent stake in Mylan violatedUS anti-trust rules.
602020United StatesNvidia CorporationJapanSoftBank Group(United KingdomArm Holdings)40.048.6Nvidia and the Softbank-owned Arm Holdings abandoned the attempted merger due to "significant regulatory challenges" as theUS Federal Trade Commission filed a lawsuit to block the merger. Softbank stated that Arm is likely toIPO instead.[522]
612011United StatesAT&TUnited StatesT-Mobile US39.054.5On August 31, 2011, theAntitrust Division of theUnited States Department of Justice formally announced that it would seek to block the takeover, and filed a lawsuit to such effect in federal court.[523]Main Article:Attempted purchase of T-Mobile USA by AT&T
622019Hong KongHong Kong Exchanges and ClearingUnited KingdomLondon Stock Exchange39.048$39 billion takeover proposal was rejected by the Board of the London Stock Exchange.[524][525][526]
632024AustraliaBHP Group LimitedUnited KingdomAnglo American plc39.039Anglo American rejected the bid saying that it significantly undervalued the company.[527]
642024CanadaAlimentation Couche-TardJapanSeven & i Holdings38.538.57-Eleven operator Seven & i said the takeover proposal was not in the best interest of shareholders and was likely to face significant antitrust challenges in the U.S., where the combined company would be the convenience store industry's biggest by a considerable margin.[528]
651999BermudaUnited StatesGlobal CrossingUnited StatesUS West37.069.8Global Crossing lost out on acquiring US West afterQwest outbid them.[529][530]
662015United StatesAetnaUnited StatesHumana37.049.1The transaction was blocked by US Federal Judges on grounds of diminished competition and the 'irreparable harm' that would be done to the US health insurance market.[502][531]
672010United KingdomPrudentialHong KongAIA Group35.551.2Prudential tried to lower their bid to $30 billion following shareholder opposition butAIG (then parent of AIA) said they would “not consider” any alterations to the deal. Prudential subsequently withdrew the deal.[532]
682014United StatesOmnicomFrancePublicis35.046.5Proposed merger asPublicis Omnicom Group. Omnicom wanted their people to occupy the CEO, CFO and general counsel jobs. Uncertainty over the deal lead to a drop in revenue of $1.5 billion in the period.[533]
692019United KingdomFiat ChryslerFranceRenault35.043At the end of May 2019, news broke of a potential $35 billion merger-of-equals betweenRenault andFiat Chrysler, aiming to create the third largest car manufacturer. The deal allegedly failed due to Nissan's abstaining from voting on the merger proposal and the French Government's stake in Renault.[534][535][536][537][538]
702020United StatesXeroxUnited StatesHP Inc35.042.5Xerox's second bid of $35 billion consisting of cash-and-stock saw an increase of $2 per share to buy HP. HP declined and told shareholders it would return $16 billion to shareholders in the next three years to ward off a hostile takeover attempt.[539][540][541]
711998United StatesAmerican Home ProductsUnited StatesMonsanto34.466.4The companies said that the deal was abandoned because it was not in the best interest of the shareholders. Yet, people close to the deal said the merger was terminated because of the power struggle between the two companies’ chairmen.[542]
721999ScotlandBank of ScotlandUnited KingdomNatWest34.364.7NatWest rejected the deal saying that it undervalued the company. They would end up being acquired byThe Royal Bank of Scotland Group for $42.5 billion.[543]
732018United StatesComcastUnited KingdomSky plc34.042.6Comcast offered £17.28 per share, exceeding Fox's offer of £15.67 per share, in a blind auction set up by the UK's Takeover Panel.[544]
742021CanadaCanadian National RailwayUnited StatesKansas City Southern33.639After US regulators rejected a key aspect of the proposed deal, Kansas City Southern notified Canadian National Railway that they were going to terminate the agreement. Kansas City Southern accepted Canadian Pacific Railway's revised offer of $31 billion which had previously been rejected in favor of the Canadian National Railway bid.[545]
752019United StatesXeroxUnited StatesHP Inc33.541.2Xerox's $33.5 billion (£25.8 billion) cash-and-stock offer to buy bigger rival HP was declined, with HP indicating it might make its own counter-offer for Xerox.[546]
761994United StatesBell AtlanticUnited StatesTele-Communications Inc33.070The companies blamed the deal's collapse on theFCC which voted to reduce cable television rates against the protests of the cable TV industry. The FCC denied this vehemently with an FCC commissionerJames Quello saying “They [Bell Atlantic] may be paying too much for it [TCI].”[547]
772016United StatesEnergy Transfer EquityUnited StatesWilliams Companies33.043.2Energy Transfer Equity terminated the merger agreement with Williams after ETE's counsel were unable to declare the deal as tax-free.[548]
782019United StatesChevron CorporationUnited StatesAnadarko Petroleum33.040.6On April 12,Chevron Corporation announced it would acquire Anadarko for $33 billion ($65 per share, 25% in cash, $50 billion including debt).[549] However, on April 24,Occidental Petroleum announced a counter-offer to Chevron's previous announcement, offering $38 billion ($76 per share, 50% in cash, $57 billion including debt) – Occidental's offer would ultimately prove successful.
792018United States21st Century FoxUnited KingdomSky plc32.540.7Fox raised their offer to $32.5 billion for Sky.[550]
802016GermanyDeutsche BörseUnited KingdomLondon Stock Exchange Group31.040.6The merger was prohibited on competition grounds by theEU Commission.[551][552][553][554]
812018United StatesComcastUnited KingdomSky plc31.038.8Comcast offered $31 billion forSky plc which Fox trumped.[555][556][557]
822021CanadaCanadian Pacific RailwayUnited StatesKansas City Southern31.036Kansas City Southern rejected the bid as theCanadian National Railway bid was still the superior offer.[558]
832000GermanyDeutsche BankGermanyDresdner Bank30.054.8Dresdner Bank abandoned the deal when the two couldn't agree on what to do with Dresdner's investment bank. Deutsche Bank wanted to sell most of it, but Dresdner did not want that to happen.[559]
842020United KingdomAon plcUnited KingdomWillis Towers Watson30.036.4Aon and Willis Towers Watson called off their merger after reaching an impasse with US regulators.[560][561]
852006United KingdomAvivaUnited KingdomPrudential29.646.2Aviva's all-stock proposal was rejected by the Prudential Board, despite Aviva offering a premium to the current share price.[562]
862017United StatesPPG IndustriesNetherlandsAkzo Nobel29.537.8Akzo again rejected PPG's bid, citing the deal still undervalued the company, as well as potentially facing antitrust risks, and not addressing other concerns such as "cultural differences".[563]
872004JapanSumitomo Mitsui Financial GroupJapanUFJ Bank29.248.6UFJ Bank rejected the proposal as it had already committed to a merger withMitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group.[564][565]
882017United StatesEmerson ElectricUnited StatesRockwell Automation29.037.2Rejected as Rockwell believed the offer still undervalued the company.[566]
891997United StatesGTEUnited StatesMCI28.054.8GTE made an unsolicited offer of $28 billion all-cash to MCI two weeks after Worldcom bid $30 billion in stock.Worldcom would end up winning with a $37 billion bid.[567]
902001United KingdomLloyds TSB GroupUnited KingdomAbbey National28.049.7The British Government blocked the proposed merger as they believed it would be against the public interest.[568]
912005SpainGas NaturalSpainEndesa28.045.1Endesa rejected the bid saying it was "manifestly insufficient". Endesa would be acquired for $65.3 billion byEnel andAcciona.[569][570]
922016CanadaCanadian PacificUnited StatesNorfolk Southern28.036.7Canadian Pacific Railway scrapped the deal after the U.S. Justice Department urged theSurface Transportation Board to reject a voting trust arrangement that was part of the bid. U.S. lawmakers, theU.S. military, andUPS andFedEx all opposed the merger as well.[571]
932016United StatesHalliburtonUnited StatesBaker Hughes28.036.7Oilfield services provider Halliburton and smaller rival Baker Hughes terminated their $28 billion merger deal after opposition from U.S. and European antitrust regulators.[572]
942007United StatesAlcoaCanadaAlcan27.641.9Alcan rejected the offer as they believed it did not reflect the full value of the company and advised shareholders not to tender any of their shares to the bid.[573]
952017United StatesEmerson ElectricUnited StatesRockwell Automation27.635.4Rejected as Rockwell believed the offer undervalued the company. The $27.6 billion was made up of $107.50 per share in cash with the rest of the balance being paid in 225 million shares of Emerson stock.[574][575][576]
962001United KingdomPrudentialUnited StatesAmerican General26.547.1Prudential's bid of $26.5 billion in stock was reduced to just over $20 billion when Prudential's shares plummeted after the announcement.AIG then stepped in and offered $23 billion which was accepted by American General.[577]
972017United StatesPPG IndustriesNetherlandsAkzo Nobel26.133.5Akzo rejected the unsolicited offer, claiming the revised offer was still too low. Akzo claimed that key stakeholder issues as well as uncertainties and risks that had already been raised in response to earlier offers had not been answered.[578]
982007United StatesExpress ScriptsUnited StatesCaremark Rx26.039.4Express Scripts bid $26 billion for Caremark Rx but refused to pay a $675 million breakup fee to void Caremark's pending merger withCVS. Even though Express Scripts offered $4 billion more than CVS, CVS and Caremark Rx completed their merger.[579]
992015NetherlandsUnited StatesMylanRepublic of IrelandUnited StatesPerrigo26.034.5In order for the hostile takeover to go through successfully, Mylan needed 50% of Perrigos shares to be tendered under the deal. However, only 40% or 58 million shares were tendered and the hostile takeover fell through.[580]
1002002United StatesHughes ElectronicsUnited StatesEchoStar25.644.8US and state anti-trust enforcers filed a lawsuit to halt the deal, claiming that the deal would eliminate competition and adversely effect consumers.[581][582]
1012013United StatesDish NetworkUnited StatesSprint Corporation25.534.4Sprint requested a revised offer but Dish stated that it was not practical to do so.[583]
1022004United StatesJohnson & JohnsonUnited StatesGuidant25.442.3Johnson & Johnson announced that it was acquiring Guidant on December 15, 2004, for $76 a share, with the deal being approved on April 27, 2005, by Guidant shareholders. However, on May 25 of the same year, Guidant reported 26 cases of implantable defibrillator failure, including a death. Johnson & Johnson announced the possibility of them pulling out from the deal, Guidant then sued Johnson & Johnson in an attempt to enforce the acquisition. However, they later re-negotiated a lower price of $21.5 billion.[584]
1032006United StatesBoston ScientificUnited StatesGuidant25.039A day afterJohnson & Johnson raised their price for Guidant to $23.2 billion, Boston Scientific announced a further increased offer.[584][585]
1042007United StatesJ.C. Flowers & Co.
United StatesFriedman Fleischer & Lowe
United StatesBank of America
United StatesJPMorgan Chase & Co.
United StatesSallie Mae25.037.9Sallie Mae attempted to craft an "alternative transaction" but the proposal was rejected. Subsequently, the takeover was dropped.[586][587]
1052013United StatesThe Blackstone GroupUnited StatesDell25.033.7Blackstone noted in a letter to Dell's special committee that a "unprecedented 14 percent market decline in PC volume in the first quarter of 2013" worried the firm and didn't line up with Dell's projections for modest industry growth. In addition, Blackstone's evaluation of Dell showed a "rapidly eroding financial profile." Blackstone subsequently withdrew their bid.[588]
1062021SwitzerlandChubbUnited StatesThe Hartford25.029The Hartford rejected two enhanced buyout offers.[589]
1072022United StatesKrogerUnited StatesAlbertsons25.026.9After a three-week trial, U.S. District JudgeAdrienne Nelson sided with theFederal Trade Commission and ruled that the merger was likely to remove direct competition between the two grocers, making it unlawful. The two companies subsequently called off the deal.[590][591][592]
1082005United StatesBoston ScientificUnited StatesGuidant24.639.6With the re-negotiated lower price of $21.5 billion between Johnson & Johnson and Guidant, Boston Scientific announced an unsolicited offer of $24.6 billion for Guidant (an offer of $72 per share of Guidant, $36 in cash and a fixed number of Boston Scientific shares valued at $36 a share).[584][593]
1092006United StatesJohnson & JohnsonUnited StatesGuidant24.237.7AfterBoston Scientific increased their offer to $25 billion, Johnson & Johnson further increased their offer to $24.2 billion.[584][594]
1102017United StatesPPG IndustriesNetherlandsAkzo Nobel24.130.9Akzo rejected the unsolicited offer, claiming the revised offer was still too low.[595]
1111998United StatesBank of New YorkUnited StatesMellon Bank Corporation24.046.3Bank of New York called off its takeover proposal after Mellon's Board declined to meet with Bank of New York officials to discuss the merger. The two would later merge in 2007.[596]
1122018United StatesAlbertsonsUnited StatesRite Aid24.030.1Albertsons and Rite Aid called off the planned merger after several advisory firms recommended voting against the proposal.[597][598]
1132021SwitzerlandChubbUnited StatesThe Hartford23.927.7The Hartford rejected two enhanced buyout offers.[589]
1142022United StatesPrologisUnited StatesDuke Realty23.725.5Duke Realty rejected the offer calling it "insufficient" despite being Prologis' third bid.[599]
1151988United StatesFirst Boston
United StatesPritzker family
United StatesPhilip Anschutz
United StatesRJR Nabisco23.3862.2The group's final bid was beat out byKohlberg Kravis Roberts.[600]
1162021SwitzerlandChubbUnited StatesThe Hartford23.2427The Hartford's board of directors unanimously rejected the unsolicited proposed takeover from Chubb stating that the transaction would "not be in the best interests of the company and its shareholders."[601]
1172006United StatesJohnson & JohnsonUnited StatesGuidant23.236.2After the re-negotiated lower price of $21.5 billion was trumped by Boston Scientific's offer of $24.6 billion, Johnson & Johnson raised their offer to $23.2 billion.[584][602]
1182016United StatesMondelez InternationalUnited StatesThe Hershey Company23.030.1Mondelez ceased its pursuit of the Hershey Co acquisition after the chocolate company turned down its $23 billion cash-and-stock offer.[603]
1192024United StatesAlphabetUnited StatesWiz23.023Wiz ended takeover talks, instead choosing to focus on anIPO. Wiz CEO Assaf Rappaport said, "Saying no to such humbling offers is tough, but with our exceptional team, I feel confident in making that choice."[604]
1201988United StatesShearson Lehman Hutton
CanadaF. Ross Johnson
United StatesRJR Nabisco22.960.9The group's final bid was beat out byKohlberg Kravis Roberts.[600]
1211995United StatesTracindaUnited StatesChrysler22.847Tracinda, led byKirk Kerkorian, was unable to come up with the financing in order to complete the deal. Chrysler was able to leverage its relationships with investment banks to block Kerkorian from being able to get the money necessary for the takeover.[605]
1222023SwitzerlandGlencoreCanadaTeck Resources22.523.2Copper and zinc miner Teck Resources rejected an unsolicited bid from Glencore, citing a reluctance to expose its shareholders to thermal coal, oil, LNG, and related sectors.[606]
1231996United KingdomBritish TelecomUnited StatesMCI22.044.1British Telecom held a partial stake in MCI since 1994 and was looking to acquire the entirety of it.Worldcom ended up winning the takeover fight with a $37 billion bid.[607]
1242020JapanSeven & i HoldingsUnited StatesMarathon Petroleum(United StatesSpeedway)22.026.7Seven & i and Marathon agreed to a price of $21 billion, after 5 months of baulking at the deal.[608]
1252021United StatesDraftKingsIsle of ManEntain22.025.5Neither DraftKings nor Entain explained exactly why the deal talks floundered but said in separate statements that they believed strongly in their individual growth prospects. The potential deal was likely hindered by Entain's joint venture withMGM,BetMGM.[609]
1262007United StatesVornado Realty Trust
United StatesStarwood Capital Group
United StatesWalton Street Capital
United StatesEquity Office21.632.8The Vornado-led takeover attempt failed after a better bid came fromThe Blackstone Group.[610][611]
1272007United KingdomTerra Firma Capital Partners
United KingdomWellcome Trust
United KingdomHBOS
United KingdomAlliance Boots21.632.8The Terra Firma-led takeover attempt failed after a better bid came from a group led byKohlberg Kravis Roberts.[612]
1281989FranceUnited KingdomJames Goldsmith
United KingdomJacob Rothschild
AustraliaKerry Packer
United KingdomBritish American Tobacco21.053.3British American Tobacco rejected the deal as it planned to break up the conglomerate which the company's chairmanPatrick Sheehy described as “most disadvantageous to the company, its shareholders, customers, policyholders and employees.”[613]
1292014FranceBouyguesFranceSFR20.627.4Bouygues offer was soon trumped byNumericable's, who purchased SFR for $23 billion.[614]
1302017GermanyHochtiefSpainAbertis20.125.8Hochtief launched a bid to rival a lesser one fromAtlantia. However, soon after Atlantia and Hochtief's parent company,ACS Group succeeded in the takeover with a joint bid.[615]
1312007LuxembourgCVC Capital PartnersUnited KingdomJ Sainsbury plc20.030.3The proposed offer collapsed because of CVC's failure to broker an agreement with theSainsbury family, owners of a nearly 20% stake, and trustees who demanded it fill a billion pound pension deficit.[616]
1322017SwitzerlandClariantUnited StatesHuntsman20.025.7After months of pressure from activist investors, the companies announced they would abandon their merger plans, with investors citing a reduction in shareholder value as the cause.[617]
1332020United StatesBlackstone Inc
United StatesGlobal Infrastructure Partners
United StatesKansas City Southern20.024.3Kansas City Southern rejected the $20 billion offer from a consortium led by Blackstone Inc and Global Infrastructure Partners.[618]
1342021CanadaAlimentation Couche-TardFranceCarrefour20.023.2The two abandoned talks on the proposed merger following stiff opposition from the French finance minister.[619]
1352021LuxembourgCVC Capital PartnersJapanToshiba20.023.2A notice for shareholders said the buyout offer "was not, objectively viewed, a bona-fide and feasible acquisition proposal" under Japanese regulations. Toshiba therefore sent CVC a "please explain" letter to seek more information. Toshiba said CVC's reply "contained no specific and detailed information capable of detailed evaluation."[620][621]
1362022United StatesAdobeUnited StatesFigma20.021.5The two companies abandoned the deal, with Adobe stating that there was "no clear path to receive regulatory approvals from the European Commission and the UK Competition and Markets Authority."[622][623]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefghiJoint Venture
  2. ^abcdDual Structure Consolidation
  3. ^abcdefghijBailout
  4. ^abcdefTax Inversion

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefghijkl"US Inflation Calculator".US Inflation Calculator. Archived fromthe original on 2013-10-28. Retrieved2017-10-31.
  2. ^"CONSOLIDATION OF COAL COMPANIES".The New York Times. 6 February 1874.
  3. ^Karliner, Joshua (1997).The Corporate Planet: Ecology and Politics in the Age of Globalization. University of California Press.ISBN 9780871564344.
  4. ^"REDUCING THE PRICE OF GAS.; ELECTION OF OFFICERS OF THE CONSOLIDATED COMPANIES".The New York Times. 11 November 1884.
  5. ^"RAILROADS CONSOLIDATED.; ORGANIZATION OF THE BUFFALO, NEW-YORK AND PHILADELPHIA ROAD".The New York Times. 15 February 1883.
  6. ^"IMMENSE LIQUOR TRUST; Distilling Company of America, Capital $125,000,000, Formed. LARGE CONCERNS IN THE DEAL Traction Interests of New York and Philadelphia Control the Company -- The Money Involved".The New York Times. 22 June 1899.
  7. ^"WAGNER COMPANY TO SELL OUT; Pullman Directors Vote to Buy the Rival Concern -- Plan to be Submitted to Stockholders".The New York Times. 21 October 1899.
  8. ^"VANDERBILTS GET CONTROL".The New York Times. 27 October 1899.
  9. ^"History of United States Steel Corporation – FundingUniverse".
  10. ^"NEW HAVEN's GRASP; Greatly Strengthened by Its Acquisition of Boston & Maine Railroad. GIVES PRACTICAL MONOPOLY Mileage and Capitalization of Two Systems – President Roosevelt's Attitude Toward Merger".The New York Times. 10 June 1907.
  11. ^"TRACTION MERGER TERMS MADE PUBLIC; $222,000,000 Holding Company for All Concerns. TO RETIRE PRESENT HOLDINGS Interborough Stock Admitted at 200 Plus 90 – Metropolitan at 100 Plus 50 – Transit Improvement Predicted. TRACTION MERGER TERMS MADE PUBLIC".The New York Times. 27 December 1905.
  12. ^"TRACTION MERGER TERMS MADE PUBLIC; $222,000,000 Holding Company for All Concerns. TO RETIRE PRESENT HOLDINGS Interborough Stock Admitted at 200 Plus 90 – Metropolitan at 100 Plus 50 – Transit Improvement Predicted. TRACTION MERGER TERMS MADE PUBLIC".The New York Times. 27 December 1927.
  13. ^"MIDVALE STEEL CO. HEADS BIG MERGER; Absorbs Worth Brothers and Remington Arms Co. In a $100,000,000 Concern. IS MAKING 2,000,000 RIFLES Has Option on 300,000,000 Tons of Ore ;- Issues $55,000,000 Stock for Companies Combined".The New York Times. 7 October 1915.
  14. ^"MIDVALE STEEL CO. HEADS BIG MERGER; Absorbs Worth Brothers and Remington Arms Co. In a $100,000,000 Concern. IS MAKING 2,000,000 RIFLES Has Option on 300,000,000 Tons of Ore ;- Issues $55,000,000 Stock for Companies Combined".The New York Times. 7 October 1915.
  15. ^"PLAN A $50,000,000 DRY GOODS MERGER; New Company Proposed to Take over the United and the Associated Merchants. C.N. BLISS TO BE PRESIDENT Proposed Concern to Control Lord & Taylor and a Number of the Big Stores in Other Cities".The New York Times. 4 December 1915.
  16. ^"The turning wheel; the story of General Motors through twenty-five years, 1908–1933". Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Doran & Company. 1934.
  17. ^abc"UTILITY EXPANSION a FEATURE OF 1928; Many Big Mergers Effected, Including Brooklyn Edisonand Consolidated Gas.EXTENSIVE FINANCING DONEA.T.&T. Led with $185,000,000Stock Offering—Refundingfor Other Systems. Leading Mergers of Year. Other Corporate Changes".The New York Times. 2 January 1929.
  18. ^"UP-STATE UTILITIES NEARER TO MERGER; Terms Reported for Exchange of Stocks of Three Companies with Holding Concern. $665,000,000 VALUE SEEN Assumes Market Price of $30 a Share for Acquiring Corporation --Counter Trading Active. New Shares Between 28 and 33 Holdings of United Corporation".The New York Times. 15 June 1929.
  19. ^"$522,000,000 MERGER OF UTILITIES FORMED; Control of American Light and Traction Acquired by United Light and Power. DEAL CLOSED SECRETLY Koppers and Mellon Interests Said to Have Engineered Move --Earnings Improve. LOCAL COMPANY AFFECTED Brooklyn Borough Gas 90 per Cent. Owned by Subsidiary of Dominant Corporation. Aided by Mellon Interests. Gas System Rivalry Seen".The New York Times. 10 September 1928.
  20. ^"Cms Energy Corp | Encyclopedia.com".
  21. ^"UTILITIES ADVANCE $650,000,000 UNION; Acquisition of Stocks of Three Companies by Pacific Gas and Electric Approved. COMMISSION LOOKS AHEAD Defers Deals for Properties-- Expects Lowering of Rates for Public's Benefit. Price Not Basis for Rates. Precedents to be Followed. UTILITIES ADVANCE $650,000,000 UNION".The New York Times. 1 June 1930.
  22. ^"PRAIRIE COMPANIES JOIN SINCLAIR OIL; More Than 88% of Owners of Oil and Gas and Pipe Line Concerns Vote Merger. $500,000,000 UNIT FORMED Minority in Pipe Line Demands Cash at Intrinsic Value for Its Holdings. SINCLAIR BALLOTING HERE Other Meetings Held in Kansas -- H.F. Sinclair to Head New Executive Committee".The New York Times. 2 March 1932.
  23. ^"SINCLAIR PLANS TO MERGE THREE OIL COMPANIES".Imperial Valley Press. 1 March 1932.
  24. ^"BIG STEEL MERGER VOTED BY BOARDS; Republic and Corrigan-McKinney Directors Act, with Offer to Acquire Truscon".The New York Times. 28 August 1934.
  25. ^"BETHLEHEM TO GET PITTSBURGH STEEL; Schwab and the Company's Officials Negotiate on Terms of the Proposed Merger. EXCHANGE OF STOCK BASIS Acquisition of Seamless Tube Plant is the Purpose of the Proposed Transaction".The New York Times. 13 November 1931.
  26. ^"STUDEBAKER IN DEAL TO BUY WHITE MOTOR; Directors of Both Concerns Approve Merger Involving Assets of $85,000,000. PLAN UP TO STOCKHOLDERS Terms Provide for Payment of $26,250,000 in Cash, Notes and Stock. WHITE TO OPERATE AS UNIT Share Owners to be Represented on Studebaker Board and Execu- tive Committee".The New York Times. 14 September 1932.
  27. ^"UTILITY MERGER HERE GETS PSC APPROVAL".The New York Times. 27 July 1945.
  28. ^"MERGER APPROVED OF NIAGARA HUDSON; Public Service Commission Authorizes Company to Issue New Preferred, Common".The New York Times. 30 September 1948.
  29. ^"PROXY COUNT HALTS VOTE ON COAL MERGER".The New York Times. 25 July 1945.
  30. ^"UTILITIES' MERGER APPROVED BY PSC; Hearings on the Plan for Long Island Companies Will Start Before SEC Tuesday OPPOSITION IS EXPECTED Stockholders May Ask Change in the Suggestion to Pay 35 Cents for Each Share UTILITIES' MERGER APPROVED BY PSC".The New York Times. 19 June 1948.
  31. ^"MERGER PLAN APPROVED; Stockholders of Celluloid Vote on Celanese Union".The New York Times. 1 August 1941.
  32. ^"General Telephone and Sylvania Vote to Merge; SYLVANIA MERGER GIVEN APPROVAL".The New York Times. 12 February 1959.
  33. ^"NATIONAL SUPPLY, ARMCO SET TERMS; Directors Agree to Trade .85 Share of Former for 1 of Latter in Merger HOLDERS TO VOTE SOON Plan to Unite Steel Maker and Large Oil Equipment Concern Follows Trend".The New York Times. 21 December 1957.
  34. ^"American Can Reaches Terms Of Merger Dead With Marathon; MERGER PLANNED BY AMERICAN CAN".The New York Times. 18 October 1957.
  35. ^"MONSANTO PLANS LION OIL MERGER; Shareholders to Act Sept. 23 on Proposal for Combining Through Stock Transfer BOTH ISSUES ADVANCE Big Chemical Concern Would Enter Oil Field, Acquire Raw Materials Source".The New York Times. 22 July 1955.
  36. ^"CONTINENTAL CAN PLANNING MERGER; Would Join With Robert Gair, Second Largest Maker of Folding Cartons in U.S."The New York Times. 29 June 1956.
  37. ^"$500,000,000 Merger Is Planned By Mathieson and Olin Industries; 2 Concerns, With 59 Diversified Plants, Agree to Unite on a Share-for-Share Basis - Stockholders Vote June 29".The New York Times. 11 May 1954.
  38. ^"MERGER EFFECTED BY OIL COMPANIES; Stockholder Meetings Vote to Organize the Sunray Mid-Continent Oil Co".The New York Times. 11 May 1955.
  39. ^"Merger Discussions Announced By Sperry and Remington Rand; No Terms Reached Yet, Presidents Say -Companies Have More Than $466 Million Assets, $600 Million Sales".The New York Times. 17 March 1955.
  40. ^"Warren Petroleum Company | The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture". Okhistory.org.
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  480. ^"GSK rejected $68 billion Unilever bid for consumer division". 15 January 2022.
  481. ^"Anglo rejects Xstrata merger of equals plan".Reuters. June 22, 2009 – via www.reuters.com.
  482. ^"Comcast walks away from Disney bid".Archived from the original on 2016-09-23. Retrieved2016-09-22.
  483. ^"American Home, Warner-Lambert in merger talks – Nov. 3, 1999".money.cnn.com.
  484. ^"Emerging from the Merger: Warner-Lambert and Pfizer".
  485. ^abc"Statement re Proposal from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited".www.shire.com.Archived from the original on 2018-04-20. Retrieved2018-04-19.
  486. ^Martin, Ben (24 April 2018)."Shire willing to back $64 billion Takeda bid, market signals doubts".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2018-04-24. Retrieved2018-04-24.
  487. ^"NextEra's $60B Duke merger proposal has some strong upsides but significant obstacles, analyst finds".
  488. ^"Why the Proposed Mega-Merger of Duke Energy and NextEra is Unlikely to Succeed".Forbes.
  489. ^"Warner Bros. Discovery rejects $24-a-share takeover bid fom Paramount Skydance: sources".New York Post. 21 October 2025.
  490. ^"Eon drops out of Endesa fight".TheGuardian.com. 3 April 2007.
  491. ^"EU clears Enel-Acciona bid for Endesa".Reuters. June 16, 2008 – via www.reuters.com.
  492. ^"E.ON investors impatient, confused by Endesa saga".Reuters. March 8, 2007 – via www.reuters.com.
  493. ^Brodbeck, Laura (31 December 1969)."(SHPG), (ABBV) – 10 Giant M&A Deals That Almost Happened...But Fell Through At The Last Minute".Archived from the original on 23 September 2016. Retrieved22 September 2016.
  494. ^"Allergan agrees to $66 billion Actavis offer; Valeant walks".Reuters. November 17, 2014 – via www.reuters.com.
  495. ^"TotalFina rejects Elf again".CNN Money. 10 August 1999.
  496. ^Andrews, Edmund (20 July 1999)."INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS; Elf Aquitaine in $50 Billion Counterbid for Rival".The New York Times.
  497. ^Timmons, Heather (25 May 2008)."$50 Billion Telecom Deal Falls Apart".The New York Times.
  498. ^"SoftBank Halts Talks to Buy Data Center Firm Switch in Blow to Son's Stargate Ambitions".Bloomberg.com. 25 January 2026.
  499. ^"Anglo leaves door open to engage with BHP after spurning third offer".Reuters. 22 May 2024.
  500. ^"Key dates in the saga of the failed BCE buyout".Reuters. 11 December 2008.
  501. ^Privatization of BCE
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  503. ^"Yahoo reaches Google ad deal, Microsoft talks fail".Reuters. June 12, 2008 – via www.reuters.com.
  504. ^Gara, Antoine."Monsanto Drops $46.5B Bid For Syngenta, Paving Way For Stock Buyback Amid Market Rout".Forbes.Archived from the original on 2017-10-17. Retrieved2017-09-03.
  505. ^Ipsen, Erik (12 April 1996)."Switzerland's Top Bank Spurns Merger Bid from Arch-Rival".The New York Times.
  506. ^Lazaroff, Leon (23 May 2014)."5 Mergers That Failed".Archived from the original on 19 February 2017. Retrieved18 February 2017.
  507. ^"GE to Buy Honeywell for $45 Billion".ABC News.
  508. ^"BAE-EADS merger cancelled amid political impasse".BBC News. 10 October 2012.
  509. ^Roumeliotis, Greg (20 February 2018)."Qualcomm deals blow to Broadcom's bid with sweetened NXP deal".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2018-02-20. Retrieved2018-02-20.
  510. ^Obe, Mitsuru; Anzai, Akihide (2018-07-27)."China shifts blame to Qualcomm for collapse of NXP deal".Nikkei Asian Review.ISSN 2188-1413.Archived from the original on 2018-07-27. Retrieved2018-07-27.
  511. ^"Anglo American rejects BHP's revised $42.7-billion buyout proposal".Reuters. May 13, 2024 – via www.reuters.com.
  512. ^Cant, Rod (1 July 1999)."BNP raises offers to $41B" – via CNN Money.
  513. ^"SocGen blasts BNP bid". 12 March 1999 – via CNN Money.
  514. ^Andrews, Edmund (16 August 1999)."Huge French Bank Merger At an Impasse".New York Times.
  515. ^PELTZ, JAMES F. (20 October 2000)."Honeywell Talks Deal With United Technologies".Archived from the original on 19 February 2017. Retrieved18 February 2017 – via LA Times.
  516. ^"United Technology calls off Honeywell talks – Oct. 20, 2000".Archived from the original on 2017-02-19. Retrieved2017-02-18.
  517. ^"France Telecom withdraws TeliaSonera offer".Reuters. June 30, 2008 – via www.reuters.com.
  518. ^"BHP Billiton launches hostile bid for Potash".BBC News. 18 August 2010.
  519. ^Staff (April 21, 2015)."Teva Offers to Buy Mylan for $40B". GEN News Highlights.Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News.Archived from the original on April 25, 2015. RetrievedApril 21, 2015.
  520. ^Staff (April 8, 2015)."Mylan Offers $28.9B for Perrigo". GEN News Highlights.Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News.Archived from the original on April 25, 2015. RetrievedApril 21, 2015.
  521. ^"Teva Offers to Buy Mylan in $40.1B Cash-And-Stock Deal".Pharmaceutical Processing. Associated Press. April 21, 2015.Archived from the original on April 21, 2015. RetrievedApril 21, 2015.
  522. ^Batchelor, James (February 8, 2022)."Nvidia's acquisition of Arm cancelled due to "significant regulatory challenges"".GamesIndustry.biz.
  523. ^"T-Mobile Antitrust Challenge Gives AT&T Little Recourse".Bloomberg.com. September 2011.Archived from the original on 2017-09-10. Retrieved2017-03-29 – via www.bloomberg.com.
  524. ^"Hong Kong exchange vows to press on with $39 billion LSE bid after rebuff".Reuters. September 13, 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
  525. ^"Hong Kong Exchange faces uphill battle with $39 billion bid for LSE".Reuters. September 11, 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
  526. ^"LSE confirms Hong Kong Exchanges proposal, says committed to Refinitiv deal".Reuters. September 11, 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
  527. ^"Anglo American rejects BHP's $39 billion takeover proposal".Reuters. April 26, 2024 – via www.reuters.com.
  528. ^"Japan's Seven & i rejects Couche-Tard's $38.5 billion takeover offer".Reuters. September 6, 2024 – via www.reuters.com.
  529. ^"Global Crossing, U S West to merge – May 17, 1999".money.cnn.com.
  530. ^"Qwest Wins U S West for $35 Billion, Ending Duel with Global Crossing".Wall Street Journal. 19 July 1999.
  531. ^"Aetna-Humana $37B merger blocked over fear it would harm consumers".USA Today.
  532. ^"Prudential abandons bid for AIA".BBC News. 2 June 2010.
  533. ^"Battle for control destroyed $35-billion Omnicom-Publicis merger".Reuters. May 9, 2014 – via www.reuters.com.
  534. ^Frost, Giulio Piovaccari (27 May 2019)."Fiat Chrysler and Renault pursue $35 billion merger to combat car industry upheaval".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved2019-05-28.
  535. ^"Renault to decide next week whether to proceed with FCA merger talks: Sources".Reuters. 27 May 2019. Archived fromthe original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved2019-05-28.
  536. ^Shirouzu, Naomi Tajitsu (28 May 2019)."Blindsided by FCA-Renault talks, Nissan risks being left by the roadside".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved2019-05-28.
  537. ^Kar-Gupta, Sudip (28 May 2019)."France wants FCA-Renault job guarantees and Nissan on board".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved2019-05-28.
  538. ^Lienert, Paul (28 May 2019)."How Renault, Fiat Chrysler could save through sharing".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved2019-05-28.
  539. ^"Xerox courts HP shareholders as takeover battle heats up".Yahoo Finance.
  540. ^"HP Announces Huge Share Buyback and Once Again Rejects Xerox Takeover Offer".
  541. ^"Defending against Xerox, HP doubles down on share buybacks, cost cuts".Reuters. February 24, 2020 – via www.reuters.com.
  542. ^Morrow, David; Feder, Barnaby (14 October 1998)."American Home Products' Deal with Monsanto Collapses".The New York Times.
  543. ^"NatWest rejects takeover bid".TheGuardian.com. 24 September 1999.
  544. ^"Comcast ups Sky bid to $34 billion, escalating battle with Rupert Murdoch".
  545. ^"Kansas City Southern settles on Canadian Pacific's $31 billion bid".MarketWatch. Associated Press. 12 September 2021.
  546. ^"HP down 5% after Xerox bid rejection, counter offer hints".Reuters. November 18, 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
  547. ^"Bell Atlantic, TCI $33-Billion Merger Canceled".Los Angeles Times. February 24, 1994.
  548. ^"Energy Transfer Is Terminating Its $33 Billion Merger With Williams".Fortune.
  549. ^Hiller, John Benny (12 April 2019)."Chevron to buy Anadarko for $33 billion in shale, LNG push".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2019-04-12. Retrieved2019-04-14.
  550. ^Baccardax, Martin (July 11, 2018)."Fox Increases Sky Bid to $32.5 Billion, Topping Comcast Approach".TheStreet.
  551. ^"European Commission – PRESS RELEASES – Press release – Mergers: Commission blocks proposed merger between Deutsche Börse and London Stock Exchange".Archived from the original on 2017-03-29. Retrieved2017-03-29.
  552. ^"London Stock Exchange-Deutsche Boerse deal blocked by EU".BBC News. 29 March 2017.Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved21 July 2018.
  553. ^"London Stock Exchange and Deutsche Boerse agree merger".BBC News. 16 March 2016.Archived from the original on 27 July 2018. Retrieved21 July 2018.
  554. ^"EU vetos Deutsche Boerse-London Stock Exchange merger deal".Reuters. March 29, 2017 – via www.reuters.com.
  555. ^"Comcast's bid for Sky could lure Disney in bidding war".Reuters. March 2018. Archived fromthe original on 2018-03-05. Retrieved2018-04-06.
  556. ^Sandle, Paul (25 April 2018)."Comcast confirms £22 billion bid for Sky, sparking battle with Fox".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2018-04-25. Retrieved2018-04-25.
  557. ^Wilson, Bill (25 April 2018)."Comcast starts £22bn bidding war for Sky".BBC News.Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved14 October 2018.
  558. ^"Kansas City Southern rejects new bid from Canadian Pacific".AP NEWS. 2021-08-12. Retrieved2021-08-20.
  559. ^"Failed Merger a Blow to Deutsche Bank's Credibility".
  560. ^"Aon and Willis Towers Watson agree to terminate merger deal and end litigation with DoJ". 26 July 2021.
  561. ^Dummett, Ben (9 March 2020)."Insurance Broker Aon Strikes Year's Biggest M&A Deal on Tumultuous Markets Day".Wall Street Journal.
  562. ^"Aviva abandons Prudential merger". 24 March 2006.
  563. ^"How PPG lost its $29.5 billion bet on Dulux paint".Reuters. June 1, 2017 – via www.reuters.com.
  564. ^Twaronite, Osamu Tsukimori."SMFG bids $29.2B to merge with UFJ".Marketwatch.
  565. ^MarketWatch, C. B. S. (30 July 2004)."UFJ rejects Sumitomo offer".MarketWatch.
  566. ^Roumeliotis, Greg (22 November 2017)."Rockwell Automation rebuffs Emerson's latest $29 billion bid".Reuters. Archived fromthe original on 2017-11-22. Retrieved2017-11-22.
  567. ^Schiesel, Seth (16 October 1997)."The Battle for Mci: The Offer; Gte Joins Bidding for Mci, Offering $28 Billion in Cash".The New York Times.
  568. ^"Lloyds TSB/Abbey tie-up blocked". 10 July 2001.
  569. ^"Endesa bid rejected amid storm of conspiracy".www.telegraph.co.uk. 7 September 2005.
  570. ^Timmons, Heather (13 December 2005)."Energy, the Hot Deal Field, is Likely to Get Still Hotter".The New York Times.
  571. ^"Canadian Pacific terminates effort to buy Norfolk Southern | CBC News".
  572. ^"Halliburton and Baker Hughes scrap $28 billion merger".Reuters. May 1, 2016 – via www.reuters.com.
  573. ^"Alcan Rejects Alcoa's $27.6 Billion Takeover Bid".The New York Times. 22 May 2007.
  574. ^"BRIEF-Emerson Electric has made multiple offers for Rockwell Automation – CNBC".reuters.com. 31 October 2017. Archived fromthe original on 16 November 2017. Retrieved22 November 2017.
  575. ^Roumeliotis, Greg (31 October 2017)."Rockwell Automation rejects Emerson's $27 billion takeover bid".reuters.com. Archived fromthe original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved22 November 2017.
  576. ^"BRIEF-Rockwell Automation says board rejected takeover proposals from Emerson".reuters.com. 31 October 2017. Archived fromthe original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved22 November 2017.
  577. ^"Prudential loses US merger battle". 11 May 2001.
  578. ^"Akzo Nobel CEO says PPG proposal is insufficient".reuters.com. 3 April 2017. Archived fromthe original on 23 May 2017. Retrieved22 November 2017.
  579. ^"Express Scripts files suit over Caremark-CVS fee".Reuters. January 21, 2007 – via www.reuters.com.
  580. ^"Mylan's Hostile Bid for Perrigo Fails".Archived from the original on 2017-02-11. Retrieved2017-03-29.
  581. ^Lazaroff, Leon (23 May 2014)."5 Mergers That Failed".Archived from the original on 19 February 2017. Retrieved18 February 2017.
  582. ^"EchoStar, Hughes scrap merger plans".
  583. ^"Dish abandons Sprint bid for now to focus on Clearwire".Reuters. June 18, 2013 – via www.reuters.com.
  584. ^abcde"Guidant formally drops J&J merger, chooses Boston Scientific".CNN. January 25, 2006.
  585. ^"Boston Scientific tops J&J offer for Guidant".NBC News. 5 December 2005.
  586. ^"Sallie says deal to close but buyer source disagrees".Reuters. 2007-08-07. Retrieved2023-05-19.
  587. ^"Sallie Mae Says Buyers Have Walked Away".New York Times. 12 December 2007.
  588. ^Tibken, Shara (19 April 2013)."Dell confirms Blackstone drops takeover bid amid PC slump".CNET.
  589. ^ab"Insurer Chubb 'disappointed' as Hartford rebuffs more buyout offers".Reuters. 2021-04-22. Retrieved2023-05-19.
  590. ^"U.S. grocer Kroger carts away Albertsons for $25 bln but faces antitrust test".Reuters. 14 October 2022.
  591. ^"Albertsons demands billions from rival Kroger after terminating merger bid".Reuters. 11 December 2024.
  592. ^"Kroger's $25-billion deal for grocery rival Albertsons blocked by US courts".Reuters. 11 December 2024.
  593. ^"Boston Scientific grants, then retracts extension in bidding war for Guidant". 13 January 2006.
  594. ^"J&J Rival Now Leads Guidant Bid War".CBS News. 17 January 2006.
  595. ^"Akzo Nobel Rejects a Sweetened $24 Billion Takeover Bid from U.S. Paints Giant PPG".Fortune. March 22, 2017.
  596. ^"BNY withdraws Mellon bid".CNN. May 20, 1998.
  597. ^"Grocery chain Albertsons to acquire Rite Aid".CNBC. 20 February 2018.
  598. ^"Albertsons, Rite Aid kill merger deal". 9 August 2018.
  599. ^Wack, Chris (2022-05-11)."Duke Realty Rejects Nearly $24 Billion Buyout Offer From Prologis".Wall Street Journal. Retrieved2022-05-12.
  600. ^ab"HISTORY OF THE RJR NABISCO TAKEOVER".New York Times. 2 December 1988.
  601. ^"The Hartford rejects Chubb's $23B buyout bid".Fox Business. 23 March 2021.
  602. ^Sorkin, Andrew Ross; Meier, Barry (12 January 2006)."Johnson Raises Bid for Control of Guidant".The New York Times.
  603. ^"Mondelez abandons pursuit of U.S. chocolate maker Hershey".Reuters. 2016-08-29. Retrieved2023-05-19.
  604. ^"Cybersecurity firm Wiz calls off $23 billion deal with Google, memo says".Reuters. 2016-08-29.
  605. ^Brown, Warren (June 1, 1995)."Kerkorian widraws bid to acquire Chrysler Corp".The Washington Post.
  606. ^Denina, Clara; Desai, Pratima (2023-04-03)."Copper miner Teck Resources rejects Glencore's $22.5 bln offer".Reuters. Retrieved2023-05-19.
  607. ^Landler, Mark (2 November 1996)."A British Company Weighs Buying Mci in $22 Billion Deal".The New York Times.
  608. ^"Japan's Seven & i seals $21 billion deal for Marathon Petroleum's Speedway gas stations".Reuters. 2020-08-02. Retrieved2023-05-19.
  609. ^Ravikumar, Sachin; M, Muvija (26 October 2021)."DraftKings drops $22 bln pursuit of Ladbrokes owner Entain".Reuters.
  610. ^"Vornado Makes Joint Bid For Equity Office of $52 a Share".CNBC. 17 January 2007.
  611. ^McSherry, Mark (9 August 2007)."Vornado out; Blackstone poised to buy Equity Office".Reuters.
  612. ^"KKR Trumps Boots Bidding War; Terra Firma Withdraws".CNBC. 23 April 2007. Archived fromthe original on May 10, 2007.
  613. ^Prokesch, Steven (24 April 1990)."Goldsmith Ends Bid For B.A.T."The New York Times.
  614. ^"Bouygues Boosts SFR Bid to Take Cash Portion to $21 Billion".Bloomberg News. 4 April 2014.
  615. ^"Timeline: ACS's Hochtief sparks takeover battle for Abertis".Reuters. 18 October 2017.
  616. ^Sanderson, Rachel; Goldfarb, Jeffrey (9 August 2007)."CVC drops plan to bid for UK's Sainsbury".Reuters.
  617. ^Hirt, John Miller and Oliver (27 October 2017)."Activist investors scupper $20 billion Clariant-Huntsman merger".reuters.com. Archived fromthe original on 19 November 2017. Retrieved22 November 2017.
  618. ^"Kansas City Southern rejects $20 billion takeover bid from investor group: WSJ".Reuters. 2020-09-09. Retrieved2023-05-19.
  619. ^Rascouet, Angelina; Rastello, Sandrine; Robinson, Blaise (16 January 2021)."Couche-Tard, Carrefour end merger talks amid French objections".BNN Bloomberg.
  620. ^Sharwood, Simon (21 April 2021)."Toshiba rejects private equity buyout offer on grounds it was scarcely credible".The Register.
  621. ^Yamanaka, Toru (7 April 2021)."Japan's Toshiba reportedly considers a $20 billion deal to take it private".CNBC.
  622. ^Field, Hayden; Goswami, Rohan (December 18, 2023)."Adobe and Figma call off $20 billion deal".CNBC.
  623. ^Cimilluca, Cara Lombardo and Dana (2022-09-15)."Adobe to Buy Collaboration-Software Company Figma for About $20 Billion".Wall Street Journal. Retrieved2022-09-15.
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