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List of islands in the Arctic Ocean

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

TheArctic Ocean, with borders as delineated by theInternational Hydrographic Organization (IHO), includingHudson Bay (some of which is south of57°N latitude, off the map) and all other marginal seas.

These islands of theArctic Ocean can be classified by the country that controls the territory.

Canada

[edit]

The islands of the Canadian Arctic over 5,000 km2 (1,900 sq mi), in order of descending area, are:[1] As of 2021[update] the total population of all islands in the Arctic was 23,073.[2][3]

Name
(group)
LocationArea[1]Area rankPop
(
2021[2][3])
NotesCoordinates
km2sqmiWorldCanada
Baffin IslandNunavut507,451195,9285113,039Population does not includeKinngait andQikiqtarjuaq. Both lie on small islands just off the coast of Baffin Island68°N70°W / 68°N 70°W /68; -70 (Baffin Island)[4]
Victoria IslandNorthwest Territories,
Nunavut
217,29183,897822,168Contains the world's largest island within an island within an island[5]70°25′N107°45′W / 70.417°N 107.750°W /70.417; -107.750 (Victoria Island)[6]
Ellesmere Island
(Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Nunavut196,23675,767103144Population includesGrise Fiord,Alert (Canada’s two most northerly communities) andEureka[7]79°50′N78°00′W / 79.833°N 78.000°W /79.833; -78.000 (Ellesmere Island)[8]
Banks IslandNorthwest Territories70,02827,038245104The summer home to hundreds of thousands of migratory birds who nest at Banks Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary No. 1 and Banks Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary No. 2[9][10]72°45′02″N121°30′10″W / 72.75056°N 121.50278°W /72.75056; -121.50278 (Banks Island)[11]
Devon Island
(Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Nunavut55,24721,3312760The largestuninhabited island on Earth[12]75°15′N088°00′W / 75.250°N 88.000°W /75.250; -88.000 (Devon Island)[13]
Axel Heiberg Island
(Sverdrup Islands,
Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Nunavut43,17816,6713270Known for its unusualfossil forests, which date from theEocene period[14]79°45′N091°00′W / 79.750°N 91.000°W /79.750; -91.000 (Axel Heiberg Island)[15]
Melville Island
(Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Northwest Territories,
Nunavut
42,14916,2743380The most northerly report of agrizzly bear sighting occurred here in 2003[16]75°30′02″N111°30′09″W / 75.50056°N 111.50250°W /75.50056; -111.50250 (Melville Island)[17]
Southampton IslandNunavut41,21415,9133491,038One of the few Canadian areas, and the only area in Nunavut, that does not usedaylight saving time[18]64°20′N084°40′W / 64.333°N 84.667°W /64.333; -84.667 (Southampton Island)[19]
Prince of Wales IslandNunavut33,33912,87240100North of North is set in the fictional town of Ice Cove, which is situated here[20]72°40′N99°00′W / 72.667°N 99.000°W /72.667; -99.000 (Prince of Wales Island)[21]
Somerset IslandNunavut24,7869,57046120Home ofFort Ross (1937-1948), the lasttrading post established by theHudson's Bay Company[22]73°15′N93°30′W / 73.250°N 93.500°W /73.250; -93.500 (Somerset Island)[23]
Bathurst Island
(Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Nunavut16,0426,19454130Home ofBrooman Point Village,Qausuittuq National Park, and thePolar Bear Pass National Wildlife Area[24][25][26]75°45′N100°00′W / 75.750°N 100.000°W /75.750; -100.000 (Bathurst Island)[27]
Prince Patrick Island
(Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Northwest Territories,
Nunavut
15,8486,11955140Mould Bay Weather Station, part of the Joint Arctic Weather Station system between Canada and the United States opened in 1948[28]76°45′02″N119°30′12″W / 76.75056°N 119.50333°W /76.75056; -119.50333 (Prince Patrick Island)[29]
King William IslandNunavut13,1115,06261151,349SirJohn Franklin’s two ships,HMS Erebus andHMS Terror, were found in what is now theWrecks of HMSErebus and HMSTerror National Historic Site[30]69°10′N97°25′W / 69.167°N 97.417°W /69.167; -97.417 (King William Island)[31]
Ellef Ringnes Island
(Sverdrup Islands,
Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Nunavut11,2954,36168160Isachsen, opened in 1948, formerly staffed weather station, but now anAutomated Surface Observing System[28]78°30′N102°15′W / 78.500°N 102.250°W /78.500; -102.250 (Ellef Ringnes Island)[32]
Bylot IslandNunavut11,0674,27371170Sirmilik National Park is located on the island[33]73°13′N78°34′W / 73.217°N 78.567°W /73.217; -78.567 (Bylot Island)[34]
Prince Charles IslandNunavut9,5213,67677190Uninhabited, howeverInuit visited the island to huntcaribou[35]67°47′N76°12′W / 67.783°N 76.200°W /67.783; -76.200 (Prince Charles Island)[36]
Cornwallis Island
(Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Nunavut6,9952,7019721183Resolute, the only community, was established in 1953 byforced migration know as theHigh Arctic relocation[37]75°08′N95°00′W / 75.133°N 95.000°W /75.133; -95.000 (Cornwallis Island)[38]
Coats IslandNunavut5,4982,123107240The last home of theSadlermiut[39]62°30′N083°00′W / 62.500°N 83.000°W /62.500; -83.000 (Coats Island)[40]
Amund Ringnes Island
(Sverdrup Islands
Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Nunavut5,2552,02911125078°20′N96°25′W / 78.333°N 96.417°W /78.333; -96.417 (Amund Ringnes Island)[41]
Mackenzie King Island
(Queen Elizabeth Islands)
Northwest Territories,
Nunavut
5,0481,94911626078°02′N109°50′W / 78.033°N 109.833°W /78.033; -109.833 (Mackenzie King Island)[42]


Other notable islands in the Canadian portion of the Arctic Ocean include:

Map this section's coordinates usingOpenStreetMapDownload coordinates asKML

Inhabited islands are:


Denmark

[edit]

Iceland

[edit]

Norway

[edit]

Russia

[edit]

Russian Arctic islands

Five new islands were discovered by Russia in October 2019.[54]

United States

[edit]

See also

[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide forIslands of the Arctic Ocean.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Atlas of Canada – Sea Islands". Atlas.nrcan.gc.ca. 12 August 2009. Archived fromthe original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved12 May 2019.
  2. ^abcdef"Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Nunavut".Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved19 February 2022.
  3. ^ab"Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Northwest Territories".Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved18 February 2022.
  4. ^"Baffin Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  5. ^Wolchover, Natalie (24 January 2012)."World's Largest Island-in-a-lake-on-an-island-in-a-lake-on-an-island Seen on Google Earth". LiveScience. Retrieved15 September 2013.
  6. ^"Victoria Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  7. ^Struzik, Edward."Alert".The Canadian Encyclopedia.Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved24 April 2022.
  8. ^"Ellesmere Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  9. ^"Banks Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary No. 1".Environment and Climate Change Canada. 3 June 2022.
  10. ^"Banks Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary No. 2".Environment and Climate Change Canada. 14 November 2019.
  11. ^"Banks Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  12. ^"Mars Researchers Rendezvous on Remote Arctic Island".Langley Research Center, Atmospheric Science Data Center, NASA. Archived fromthe original on 29 April 2017. Retrieved8 July 2019.
  13. ^"Devon Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  14. ^"The Fossilized Forest Of Axel Heiberg Island". The University of British Columbia. Retrieved15 November 2019.
  15. ^"Axel Heiberg Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  16. ^Doupé, Jonathan P.; England, John H.; Furze, M.; Paetkau, David (2007)."Most Northerly Observation of a Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos) in Canada: Photographic and DNA Evidence from Melville Island, Northwest Territories".Arctic.60 (3):271–276.doi:10.14430/arctic219.
  17. ^"Melville Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  18. ^"Current Local Time in Southampton Island, Nunavut, Canada".timeanddate.com. Retrieved21 June 2025.
  19. ^"Southampton Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  20. ^Pelletier, Jeff (10 April 2025)."A 'North of North' Ice Cove location guide".Nunatsiaq News. Retrieved1 May 2025.
  21. ^"Prince of Wales Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  22. ^"Northwest Passage:The National visits Canada's North".CBC News. 27 October 2006. Archived fromthe original on 3 November 2006. Retrieved14 August 2008.
  23. ^"Somerset Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  24. ^McGhee, Robert.Brooman Point Village. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved21 June 2025.
  25. ^"Qausuittuq National Park".Parks Canada. 5 June 2025. Retrieved21 June 2025.
  26. ^"Polar Bear Pass (Nanuit Itillinga) National Wildlife Area".Environment and Climate Change Canada. 28 November 2019. Retrieved21 June 2025.
  27. ^"Bathurst Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  28. ^ab"Mould Bay Weather Station".The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved21 June 2025.
  29. ^"Prince Patrick Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  30. ^"Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site".Parks Canada. 6 June 2019.Archived from the original on 8 October 2019. Retrieved8 October 2019.
  31. ^"King William Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  32. ^"Ellef Ringnes Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  33. ^"Sirmilik National Park". Parks Canada. 10 June 2025. Retrieved21 June 2025.
  34. ^"Bylot Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  35. ^Martini, I. P.; Wanless, H. R. (24 October 2014).Sedimentary Coastal Zones from High to Low Latitudes: Similarities and Differences. Geological Society of London.ISBN 9781862393745 – via Google Books.
  36. ^"Prince Charles Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  37. ^"Arctic Exile Monument Project". Retrieved17 March 2025.
  38. ^"Cornwallis Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  39. ^"In the bones of the world (Part eight)".Nortext Publishing Corporation (Iqaluit). Nunatsiaq News. 26 July 2002. Archived fromthe original on 28 March 2005. Retrieved28 March 2005.
  40. ^"Coats Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  41. ^"Amund Ringnes Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  42. ^"Mackenzie King Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  43. ^"Hans Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  44. ^abChase, Steven (10 June 2022)."Canada and Denmark reach settlement over disputed Arctic island, sources say".The Globe and Mail. Retrieved13 June 2022.
  45. ^ab"Canada and Denmark sign deal to divide uninhabited Arctic island".CBC News. 13 June 2022.
  46. ^"Herschel Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  47. ^"Yukon Inuvialuit Settlement Region Lands".Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada. 15 September 2010. Retrieved22 June 2025.
  48. ^"Broughton Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  49. ^"Dorset Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  50. ^"Flaherty Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  51. ^"Igloolik Island".Geographical Names Data Base.Natural Resources Canada.
  52. ^"Greenland and The Faroe Islands".UM-ENEN. Retrieved28 January 2025.
  53. ^"Political system".japan.um.dk. Retrieved28 January 2025.
  54. ^"Melting Glaciers Reveal Five New Islands in the Arctic".The Guardian.Agence France-Presse. 22 October 2019. Retrieved22 October 2019.
Lists of islands by continent
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