Africa

Americas

Asia

India and Pakistan

Nepal

South Yemen

Thailand

Europe

Germany

Italy

Oceania

See also

Notes

Africa

1. ^As the last living sister and daughter of the last and second-to-last kings respectively, Princess Rosa Paula Iribagiza is considered the head of the royal household. According to the relevant laws of succession, however, the crown must pass to a male member of the family.
2. ^Jean-Bédel Bokassa was Crown Prince of the Central African Empire from its inception on 4 December 1976 until its abolition on 20 September 1979.
3. ^Fuad II previously reigned asKing of Egypt and the Sudan during hisinfancy, from 26 July 1952 until the monarchy's official abolition in 1953. He reignedin absentia, and under aregent.
4. ^Designatedheir presumptive by his grandfather theEmperor on 14 April 1974. Confirmed asheir apparent by his fatherAmha Selassie I on 6 April 1988. He has used the title of crown prince since 7 April 1989, when his father was proclaimed emperor-in-exile. He is recognised as heir to the throne by the Imperial Crown Council.
5. ^The Solomonic dynasty of Ethiopia claims descent from KingSolomon ofIsrael, who belonged to theHouse of David. Both of the current claimants are from theHouse of Shoa, which represents the junior branch of the dynasty.
6. ^According to the1955 Constitution,^[1] the Emperor designated his successor from members of his own family, with the rule ofprimogeniture preferred but not necessarily followed. Candidates for the succession must be descendants of the Solomonic dynasty, in the male or female line. They must also be practising members of theEthiopian Orthodox Church, and their candidature must be approved by theImperial Crown Council. If the Emperor has no direct descendants, or if the crown prince is unable to perform his dynastic duties, the Crown Council selects the successor from amongst the members of the Solomonic dynasty.
7. ^Lij Girma claims that all governments in Ethiopia since the 1916 deposition of his grandfather are illegitimate, and as such, as the seniormost descendant of Iyasu V, he claims to be the nation's rightful monarch.
8. ^Iyasu V was heir apparent ofMenelik II and succeeded as Emperor upon the latter's death, but was never crowned. His reign was terminated with the sanction of theChurch following allegations of conversion to Islam.
9. ^Emmanuel Bushayija was chosen on 9 January 2017^[2] to succeed his paternal uncleKigeli V Ndahindurwa, who was deposed on 28 January 1961.^[3]
10. ^The royal Abanyiginya clan ofTutsis.^[4]
11. ^Themwami is selected from amongst members of the various royal clans by the Abiru, a traditional council ofTutsi andHutu elders.^[5]

Americas

1. ^The imperial family of Brazil is descended from theHouses of Braganza andOrléans. The current line of succession is disputed between two branches: theVassouras branch, headed by Prince Bertrand, and thePetrópolis branch, headed by Prince Pedro Carlos.
2. ^The current line of succession to the Mexican throne is descended from theHouse of Iturbide andHabsburg, which respectively ruled theFirst (1822–1823) andSecond (1864–1867) Empires of Mexico.Maximilian I of Habsburg renounced all his incidental Austrian succession rights in April 1864 and later adoptedAgustín de Iturbide y Green andSalvador de Iturbide y Marzán, two grandsons of EmperorAgustín I whom he appointed Prince of Iturbide and at the same time heir apparent.^[15]

Asia

1. ^Ahmad Shah, second son of the last reigning king, was Crown Prince of Afghanistan from 26 November 1942 until the monarchy's end in 1973.
2. ^Rezā, eldest son of the last reigning shah, was Crown Prince of Iran from birth, on 31 October 1960, until the monarchy was deposed in 1979.
3. ^The name "Hashimites" refers to members of theHāshim clan, a sept of theQuraysh tribe to which theProphetMuhammad belonged.^[27]
4. ^Ra'ad's father,Prince Zeid, was appointed Head of the Royal House of Iraq following the assassination of King Faisal II during the coup d'état in 1958. Zeid was the son ofHussein bin Ali,King of Hejaz.
5. ^Yi Ku appointedYi Won, one of his first cousins once removed, as his heir in 10 July 2005 before his death.^[29] The status of Yi Won as the leader ofJeonju Lee Royal Family Association, however, didn't become valid until 22 July 2005.^[30] Yi Won later officially became the director of the family association on June 27, 2007.^[31]
6. ^The House of Yi consists of the descendants of theJoseon dynasty.
7. ^Andrew Lee was adopted by a claimant to the head of the house, Yi Seok. Seok claimed that, in the will of late crown princessYi Bangja, he was named as "first successor".^[33]
8. ^According to archives of Yi Seok's website, heabdicated to Andrew within that timeframe.
9. ^After the monarchy was abolished in 1975, the senior members of the royal family were imprisoned by the military. The deaths of the former King, Queen, and Crown Prince were confirmed by the Lao authorities on 17 December 1989. The dates of actual death were not released, but the current heir, who is the eldest son of the lateCrown Prince, escaped imprisonment and arrived in Thailand on 3 August 1981. He was confirmed as the successor to his grandfather by theRoyal Council in Exile on 19 September 1997.
10. ^The sultans of the Ottoman Empire also held the titleCaliph of Islam, thus claiming to be the spiritual leaders of all Muslims. TheOttoman Caliphate was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1924.^[36]
11. ^Many of the kings of the Qasimid dynasty also held the titleImam and Commander of the Faithful, and were the spiritual leaders of theZaidiyyah branch ofShi'a Islam. TheImamate ended with the republican revolution in 1962.
12. ^Gyanendra reigned asKing of Nepal between 7 November 1950 and 8 January 1951, and again from 4 June 2001 until the monarchy was abolished in 2008.
13. ^Members of the Shah dynasty of Nepal are descended from theParmar clan ofRajputs from the former state ofNarsinghgarh in modern India.
14. ^Binod is the eldest son ofPrincess Shanti Singh of Nepal (one of the ten people who died in theNepalese royal massacre). Binod is also the Director of Hotel Sherpa.
15. ^Succession to the throne, whilst hereditary, is also subject to confirmation from the reigning King of Nepal.
16. ^^abA branch of theHouse of Bagrationi. During thepartition of the kingdom in the 15th Century, the Bagratid dynasty split into two main lineages: the Mukhrani line ofKartli claiming the throne by virtue of being the genealogically senior line, and the Gruzinsky line ofKakheti claiming the throne by virtue of having produced the last reigning monarch. It is between these two lineages that the leadership of the Royal House of Georgia is now disputed. However, the current rival pretenders were married between 2009 and 2013 and had a sonGiorgi, who is heir apparent to both claims, thus making their unification in the near future almost certain.

Europe

1. ^On 31 May 1961, Karl's fatherOtto renounced all claims to the Austrian throne in order to return from exile. He relinquished his position as head of the House of Habsburg to Karl on 1 January 2007.
2. ^^abA branch of theHouse of Lorraine cognatically descended from theHouse of Habsburg. The ducal family of Modena, which was historically descended from theHouse of Este, traditionally uses the nameAustria-Este, which has continued to be adopted as a title by the current line.
3. ^The Austro-Hungarian monarch held thecrowns ofAustria andHungary, and also reigned asKing ofBohemia,King ofCroatia, etc.
4. ^Simeon II reigned asTsar of Bulgaria from 28 August 1943 until the monarchy was deposed in theCommunist revolution of 1946. After returning to the country from exile in 1996, he later served asPrime Minister between 24 July 2001 and 17 August 2005.
5. ^^abcdA branch of theHouse of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, A sept of theErnestine branch of theHouse of Wettin.
6. ^The House of Bourbon is a branch of theCapetian Dynasty.
7. ^^abA branch of theHouse of Bourbon.
8. ^Charles Napoléon is the current head of the House of Bonaparte. His son, Jean Christophe, was posthumously appointed heir to the imperial claim in the will of his grandfather,Louis Napoléon.
9. ^A branch of theHouse of Aviz.
10. ^Margareta's fatherMichael I reigned asKing of Romania between 20 July 1927 and 8 June 1930, and again from 6 September 1940 until the monarchy's abolition during theCommunist revolution of 1947. A rival claim to the throne is maintained by the descendants ofCarol Lambrino, Michael's elder half-brother fromhis father's first marriage. Carol Lambrino's eldest son,Paul-Philippe, has maintained his claim to the throne since his father's death on 27 January 2006.
11. ^A line of theHouse of Hohenzollern.
12. ^The House of Romanov is a line of theHouse of Holstein-Gottorp, which itself is a branch of theHouse of Oldenburg.
13. ^^abFull title:Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias, used since 1721, although commonly designatedTsar. The emperors of Russia were also theGrand Dukes of Finland from 1809 until 1917, and theKings of Poland from 1815 until 1916.
14. ^KingPeter II of Yugoslavia is a grandson ofKingPeter I of Serbia.
15. ^^abThe House of Hanover is a branch of theHouse of Welf, which itself is a branch of theHouse of Este.
16. ^The kings of Saxony belonged to theAlbertine branch of the House of Wettin.
17. ^The royal family of Mecklenburg-Strelitz belongs to the Strelitz branch of the House of Mecklenburg.
18. ^A branch of theHouse of Oldenburg.
19. ^Officially the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, which is a branch of theHouse of Oldenburg.
20. ^The principalities ofHohenzollern-Hechingen andHohenzollern-Sigmaringen were created in 1576 from the partition of the territory ofHohenzollern. When the Hechingen lineage became extinct in 1869, the heirs of the Princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen reclaimed the titlePrince of Hohenzollern.
21. ^A branch of theHouse of Hohenzollern.
22. ^The territory ofReuss was partitioned between the sons of the reigning prince in 1564, eventually resulting in the principalities ofReuss Elder Line andReuss Younger Line. The elder lineage expired in 1927 through the death ofHeinrich XXIV (1902–1918), and inheritance passed to the junior line of Köstritz, whose heirs now claim the titlePrince Reuss.
23. ^For details on the unusual numbering system of the Reuss-Köstritz lineage, see themain article.
24. ^This branch is known as the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. The right to succession is currently disputed between two branches of the family.

Oceania

1. ^TheHouse of Kawānanakoa was acollateral line of succession of the reigningKalākaua dynasty.^[249] The penultimate king,Kalākaua, not having had any issue of his own, adopted and appointed the head of the Kawānanakoa as heirs after his own family line which ended with his sister, the last queenLiliʻuokalani. The House of Kawānanakoa is historically recognised as providing presumptive heirs to the throne should the monarchy berevived.
2. ^Noa Kalokuokamaile DeGuair is a descendant of theHouse of Kalokuokamaile, which was acollateral line of succession of theKamehameha dynasty, the first line of Hawaiʻian kings. It became extinct in the male line during the time of the monarchy, and now survives through the female line as the House of Laʻanui.^[250] The current descendants also belong to theWilcox lineage of English and Italian descent. His claim on the throne is disputed.
3. ^The House of Laʻanui consists of maternal descendants of the House of Kalokuokamaile,^[250] the seniormost branch of the chieflyHouse of Keōua Nui.^[251] It descends from theeldest half-brother of Hawaiʻi's first king,Kamehameha the Great, who united the small chiefdoms of the Hawaiʻian Islands under theKamehameha dynasty in 1810. When the male heirs of this lineage died out in 1872, it was replaced by the Kalākaua dynasty who ruled till 1893. It claims closer kinship to the kingdom's first dynasty while the Kawānanakoa line claims closer kinship to the kingdom's last dynasty.^[252]
4. ^Recognised as the rightful heir to the Tahitian throne by a majority of the royal family's current members. He has migrated overseas, however, and currently^[when?] lives in Paris.^[253]

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