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List of female heads of government in Australia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A total of sixteen women have served, or are serving, as the head of anAustralian government. Of these, one has served as theprime minister of Australia, eight as thepremier of astate and seven as the chief minister of aterritory. Twenty women have also served, or are serving, as the deputy head of government in Australian states and territories; one has served as thedeputy prime minister of the country, thirteen as the deputy premier of a state, and six as the deputy chief minister of a territory.

The first female head of government in Australia, wasRosemary Follett in 1989, who was the1st Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory.Carmen Lawrence became the first female premier of a state in 1990, by serving as the25th Premier of Western Australia. In 2010,Julia Gillard became the first, and to date, only female prime minister of Australia.

Today, every Australian state and territory has had at least one female head of government, except forSouth Australia; the Northern Territory has had the most, with four; the Australian Capital Territory has had three; Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria have each had a second female head of government serving in their respective jurisdiction. The most female heads to serve concurrently was four, during the 315 days between 16 May 2011 and 26 March 2012.Annastacia Palaszczuk, who served as the39th Premier of Queensland from 2015 to 2023, had the longest tenure of any female head of government in Australia. The shortest tenure belongs toEva Lawler, who served as the13th Chief Minister of the Northern Territory from December 2023 to August 2024.

There are currently two serving female heads of government in Australia:Jacinta Allan (49th Premier of Victoria) who was appointed on 27 September 2023, andLia Finocchiaro (14th Chief Minister of the Northern Territory) who was appointed on 28 August 2024. In addition, four women currently serve as deputy heads of government in Australia;Yvette Berry (Deputy Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory) since 31 October 2016;Susan Close (Deputy Premier of South Australia) since 21 March 2022;Prue Car (Deputy Premier of New South Wales) since 28 March 2023; andRita Saffioti (Deputy Premier of Western Australia) since 8 June 2023.

Female heads of government

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Heads

[edit]
PortraitTitleName
(birth–death)		Stateor territoryTerm startTerm endElectionsDurationPartyNotes
Chief MinisterRosemary Follett
(b. 1948)		Australian Capital Territory11 May 19895 December 19891989
1992
1995		4 years, 122 days Labor[a]
6 June 19912 March 1995 
PremierCarmen Lawrence
(b. 1948)		Western Australia12 February 199016 February 199319933 years, 4 days Labor[b]
PremierJoan Kirner
(1938–2015)		Victoria10 August 19906 October 199219922 years, 57 days Labor[c]
Chief MinisterKate Carnell
(b. 1955)		Australian Capital Territory2 March 199518 October 20001995
1998		5 years, 230 days Liberal[d]
Chief MinisterClare Martin
(b. 1952)		Northern Territory18 August 200126 November 20072001
2005		6 years, 100 days Labor[e]
PremierAnna Bligh
(b. 1960)		Queensland13 September 200726 March 20122009
2012		4 years, 195 days Labor[f]
PremierKristina Keneally
(b. 1968)		New South Wales4 December 200928 March 201120111 year, 114 days Labor[g]
Prime MinisterJulia Gillard
(b. 1961)		Australia
(Federal)		24 June 201027 June 201320103 years, 3 days Labor[h]
PremierLara Giddings
(b. 1972)		Tasmania24 January 201131 March 201420143 years, 66 days Labor[i]
Chief MinisterKaty Gallagher
(b. 1970)		Australian Capital Territory16 May 201111 December 201420123 years, 209 days Labor[j]
PremierAnnastacia Palaszczuk
(b. 1969)		Queensland14 February 201515 December 20232015
2017
2020		8 years, 304 days Labor[k]
PremierGladys Berejiklian
(b. 1970)		New South Wales23 January 20175 October 202120194 years, 255 days Liberal[l]
Chief MinisterNatasha Fyles
(b. 1978)		Northern Territory13 May 202221 December 2023—1 year, 222 days Labor[m]
PremierJacinta Allan
(b. 1973)		Victoria27 September 2023Incumbent—2 years, 60 days Labor[n]
Chief MinisterEva LawlerNorthern Territory21 December 202328 August 20242024251 days Labor[o]
Chief MinisterLia Finocchiaro
(b. 1984)		Northern Territory28 August 2024Incumbent20241 year, 90 days Country Liberal[p]

Deputy heads

[edit]
NameState/
territory		PartyHead of governmentTerm startTerm endDuration
Joan KirnerVictoria LaborJohn Cain II7 February 198910 August 19901 year, 184 days
Joan SheldonQueensland LiberalRob Borbidge19 February 199626 June 19982 years, 127 days
Sue NapierTasmania LiberalTony Rundle18 March 199614 September 19982 years, 180 days
Anna BlighQueensland LaborPeter Beattie28 July 200513 September 20072 years, 47 days
Katy GallagherAustralian Capital Territory LaborJon Stanhope20 April 200616 May 20115 years, 26 days
Marion ScrymgourNorthern Territory LaborPaul Henderson26 November 20078 February 20091 year, 74 days
Julia GillardAustralia LaborKevin Rudd3 December 200724 June 20102 years, 203 days
Lara GiddingsTasmania LaborDavid Bartlett26 May 200824 January 20112 years, 243 days
Carmel TebbuttNew South Wales LaborNathan Rees
Kristina Keneally		5 September 200828 March 20112 years, 204 days
Delia LawrieNorthern Territory LaborPaul Henderson9 February 200929 August 20123 years, 202 days
Robyn LambleyNorthern Territory Country LiberalTerry Mills29 August 20126 April 2013251 days
Jackie TradQueensland LaborAnnastacia Palaszczuk14 February 201510 May 20205 years, 86 days
Liza HarveyWestern Australia LiberalColin Barnett16 February 201617 March 20171 year, 29 days[24]
Nicole ManisonNorthern Territory LaborMichael Gunner
Natasha Fyles		12 September 201621 December 20237 years, 100 days
Yvette BerryAustralian Capital Territory LaborAndrew Barr31 October 2016Incumbent9 years, 26 days[25]
Vickie ChapmanSouth Australia LiberalSteven Marshall19 March 201822 November 20213 years, 248 days[26]
Susan CloseSouth Australia LaborPeter Malinauskas21 March 2022Incumbent3 years, 250 days[27]
Jacinta AllanVictoria LaborDaniel Andrews27 June 202227 September 20231 year, 92 days[28]
Prue CarNew South Wales LaborChris Minns28 March 2023Incumbent2 years, 243 days
Rita SaffiotiWestern Australia LaborRoger Cook8 June 2023Incumbent2 years, 171 days

Female opposition leaders

[edit]
PortraitName
(birth–death)		Stateor territoryTerm startTerm endElectionsDurationPartyNotes
Rosemary Follett
(b. 1948)		Australian Capital Territory5 December 19896 June 19911 year, 183 days Labor
Joan Kirner
(1938–2015)		Victoria6 October 199222 March 1993167 days Labor
Carmen Lawrence
(b. 1948)		Western Australia16 February 19937 February 1994356 days Labor[q]
Kate Carnell
(b. 1955)		Australian Capital Territory21 April 19939 March 199519951 year, 322 days Liberal
Rosemary Follett
(b. 1948)		Australian Capital Territory9 March 19955 March 1996362 days Labor
Maggie Hickey
(b. 1946)		Northern Territory16 April 19962 February 199919972 years, 292 days Labor
Kerry Chikarovski
(b. 1956)		New South Wales8 December 199828 March 200219993 years, 110 days Liberal[r]
Clare Martin
(b. 1952)		Northern Territory2 February 199927 August 200120012 years, 206 days Labor
Sue Napier
(1948–2010)		Tasmania2 July 199920 August 20012 years, 49 days Liberal[s]
Jodeen Carney
(b. 1965)		Northern Territory18 June 200529 January 20082 years, 225 days Country Liberal[t]
Isobel Redmond
(b. 1953)		South Australia8 July 200931 January 201320103 years, 207 days Liberal
Annastacia Palaszczuk
(b. 1969)		Queensland28 March 201214 February 201520152 years, 323 days Labor
Delia Lawrie
(b. 1966)		Northern Territory29 August 201220 April 20152 years, 234 days Labor[u]
Rebecca White
(b. 1983)		Tasmania17 March 201715 May 20212018
2021		4 years, 59 days Labor[v]
7 July 202110 April 202420242 years, 278 days 
Deb Frecklington
(b. 1971)		Queensland12 December 201712 November 202020202 years, 336 days Liberal National[w]
Liza Harvey
(b. 1966)		Western Australia13 June 201924 November 20201 year, 194 days Liberal
Jodi McKay
(b. 1969)		New South Wales29 June 201928 May 20211 year, 333 days Labor
Lia Finocchiaro
(b. 1984)		Northern Territory1 February 202028 August 202420245 years, 298 days Country Liberal
Elizabeth Lee
(b. 1979)		Australian Capital Territory27 October 202031 October 20244 years, 4 days Liberal
Mia Davies
(b. 1978)		Western Australia14 April 202130 January 20231 year, 291 days National
Leanne Castley
(b. 1974)		Australian Capital Territory31 October 2024Incumbent1 year, 26 days Liberal
Jess Wilson
(b. 1990)		Victoria18 November 2025Incumbent8 days Liberal

Timeline

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Heads

[edit]

Red represents members of theAustralian Labor Party, blue represents members of theLiberal Party of Australia.

Deputy heads

[edit]

Red represents members of theAustralian Labor Party, blue represents members of theLiberal Party of Australia and orange represents theCountry Liberal Party.

See also

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Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Elected 1stChief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory in May 1989, after her party formed government following the inauguralgeneral election in March 1989. Defeated in a vote-of-no-confidence in December 1989, toTrevor Kaine. Returned to power in June 1991, following a vote-of-no-confidence against Kaine. Led Labor to victory at the1992 general election. Defeated by the Liberals underKate Carnell at thegeneral election in February 1995. First woman to become Chief Minister of a Territory of the Commonwealth of Australia. Only female government head to serve non-consecutive terms.[1]
  2. ^Appointed 25thPremier of Western Australia in February 1990, following the resignation ofPeter Dowding. Defeated at thestate election in February 1993, byRichard Court (Liberal). First woman to become Premier of Western Australia, and hence, of a State within the Commonwealth of Australia.
  3. ^Appointed 42ndPremier of Victoria in August 1990, following the resignation ofJohn Cain II. Defeated at thestate election in October 1992, byJeff Kennett (Liberal). First woman Premier of Victoria.[2]
  4. ^Elected 3rd Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory in March 1995, after defeating Labor underRosemary Follett at thegeneral election. Led the Liberals to victory at the1998 general election. Resigned in October 2000.[3]
  5. ^Elected 7thChief Minister of the Northern Territory in August 2001, after defeating theCountry Liberal Party underDenis Burke at thegeneral election. Led Labor to victory at the2005 general election. Resigned in November 2007. First woman Chief Minister of the Northern Territory.[4]
  6. ^Appointed 37thPremier of Queensland in September 2007, following the retirement ofPeter Beattie. Led Labor to victory at the2009 state election. Defeated at thestate election in March 2012, byCampbell Newman (Liberal). First woman Premier of Queensland.[5][6]
  7. ^Appointed 42ndPremier of New South Wales in December 2009, following a Labor Party leadership challenge againstNathan Rees. Defeated at thestate election in March 2011, byBarry O'Farrell (Liberal). First woman Premier of New South Wales.[7]
  8. ^Appointed 27thPrime Minister of Australia in June 2010, following a Labor Party leadership challenge againstKevin Rudd. Led Labor to victory at the2010 federal election. Defeated in aleadership challenge by Rudd, in June 2013. First, and to date, only woman Prime Minister of Australia.[8]
  9. ^Appointed 44thPremier of Tasmania in January 2011, following the resignation ofDavid Bartlett. Defeated at thestate election, in March 2014. First, and to date, only woman Premier of Tasmania.[9][10][11]
  10. ^Appointed 6th Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory in May 2011, following the resignation ofJon Stanhope. Led Labor to victory at the2012 general election. Resigned in December 2014.[12]
  11. ^Elected 39th Premier of Queensland in February 2015, after defeating the Liberals underCampbell Newman at thestate election.[13][14] Led Labor to victory at the2017 state election[15] and the2020 state election.[16] Resigned in December 2023.[17] Only woman head of government to win three elections.
  12. ^Appointed 45th Premier of New South Wales in January 2017, following the resignation ofMike Baird. Led the Liberals to victory at the2019 state election.[18] Resigned in October 2021.
  13. ^Appointed 12thChief Minister of the Northern Territory on 13 May 2022, after the resignation ofMichael Gunner.[19] Resigned in December 2023.[20]
  14. ^Appointed 49thPremier of Victoria on 27 September 2023, after the resignation ofDaniel Andrews.[21]
  15. ^Appointed 13thChief Minister of the Northern Territory on 21 December 2023, after the resignation ofNatasha Fyles.[22] Defeated by the Country Liberals underLia Finocchiaro at thegeneral election in August 2024.
  16. ^Elected 14thChief Minister of the Northern Territory in August 2024, after defeating Labor underEva Lawler at thegeneral election.[23]
  17. ^Resigned in order to enter federal politics at the1994 Fremantle by-election.
  18. ^Challenged for the leadership byJohn Brogden, lost by one vote.
  19. ^Challenged for the leadership byBob Cheek.
  20. ^Challenged for the leadership byTerry Mills. Resigned in favour of Mills after vote was tied.
  21. ^Resigned as leader following a successful spill motion.
  22. ^Resigned as leader following electoral defeat.
  23. ^Resigned as leader following electoral defeat.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Profile.womenaustralia.info. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  2. ^Wallace, Rick (1 June 2015)."Joan Kirner, first female premier of Victoria, dies aged 76".The Australian. Retrieved20 January 2016.
  3. ^"Carnell, Anne Katherine – profile". Encyclopedia of Australian Science. 1 August 2007. Archived fromthe original on 13 August 2012. Retrieved19 April 2013.
  4. ^Murdoch, Lindsay."Clare Martin and deputy quit".The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  5. ^Koren Helbig; Sarah Vogler (25 March 2012)."Anna Bligh quits: 'Labor cannot rebuild with me in its ranks'".The Sunday Mail. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  6. ^"Bligh resigns after election wipe-out". ABC News. 25 March 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  7. ^"Keneally sworn in as state's first female premier".Herald Sun. 4 December 2009.
  8. ^"The Hon Julia Gillard MP, Member for Lalor (Vic)".Australian House of Representatives. Retrieved20 January 2016.
  9. ^"Bartlett confirms resignation on Facebook".ABC News. Australia. 23 January 2011. Archived fromthe original on 23 January 2011.
  10. ^"Tasmanian premier to resign".The Sydney Morning Herald.AAP. 23 January 2011.
  11. ^Atherton, Ben (15 March 2014)."Liberals swept to power in Tasmania, Labor hopeful of clinging to power in South Australia".ABC News. Australia. Retrieved20 January 2016.
  12. ^"Katy Gallagher resigns as Chief Minister, declares for Senate".The Canberra Times. 5 December 2014. Retrieved4 December 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  13. ^Robertson, Joshua (13 February 2015)."Annastacia Palaszczuk new premier of Queensland after Labor wins 44 seats".The Guardian. Retrieved20 January 2016.
  14. ^"Queensland election 2015: Annastacia Palaszczuk sworn in as Premier".Australian Broadcasting Corporation (14 February 2015). 14 February 2015. Retrieved20 January 2016.
  15. ^"Queensland election: Labor's Annastacia Palaszczuk claims victory with at least 47 seats".Australian Broadcasting Corporation (8 December 2017). 8 December 2017. Retrieved8 December 2017.
  16. ^Beaumont, Adrian (31 October 2020)."Labor wins Queensland election, as Greens could win up to four seats".The Conversation. Retrieved31 October 2020.
  17. ^Rebgetz, Louisa (10 December 2023)."Annastacia Palaszczuk, the 'accidental premier' who became a Labor legend and trailblazer for women".Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved11 December 2023.
  18. ^Blumer, Clare. (23 January 2017)."Gladys Berejiklian is Premier of New South Wales, replacing Mike Baird".ABC. Retrieved 23 January 2017
  19. ^Vivian, Steve, Gibson, Jano, and Perera, Alicia. (13 May 2022)."Natasha Fyles sworn in as Northern Territory Chief Minister, replacing Michael Gunner".Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  20. ^Hislop, Jack and Morgan, Thomas. (19 December 2023)."Northern Territory Chief Minister Natasha Fyles resigns amid mounting pressure over leadership".Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  21. ^Kolovos, Benita and Ore, Adeshola. (27 September 2023)."Jacinta Allan named as new premier of Victoria".The Guardian. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  22. ^Brissenden, Neve. (20 December 2023)."NT Treasurer Eva Lawler set for Chief Minister’s job".Australian Associated Press. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  23. ^Parkinson, Amanda. (24 August 2024)."Country Liberals clinch victory in NT election".The Canberra Times. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  24. ^AAP. (13 March 2017)."WA election: Alannah MacTiernan seeks cabinet role in McGowan government".The Australian. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
  25. ^Lawson, Kirsten. (17 October 2016)."ACT election 2016: Yvette Berry backed for Labor deputy as Greens weigh up coalition or crossbench".The Canberra Times. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  26. ^Dayman, Isabel (22 November 2021)."Vickie Chapman steps down as SA Deputy Premier and aside from ministerial roles pending ombudsman investigation".ABC News (Australia).Archived from the original on 21 November 2021. Retrieved30 December 2021.
  27. ^"SA election 2022: Liberal minister Corey Wingard set to lose seat, One Nation could gain in upper house".ABC News. 20 March 2022.
  28. ^"Victorian Labor endorses Jacinta Allan as deputy premier after mass ministerial resignations".ABC News. 25 June 2022.

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