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Ahl al-Kisa Muhammad Ali Fatima Hasan Husayn
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The following is a list of extinctheterodox movements withinShia Islam. These are movements that no longer have any living followers or practitioners. These movements were created around certain beliefs that were unorthodox and not held by the mainstream Shia Muslims. These movements eventually, after their very brief existence, had their followers fall into mainstream Islam.

• Bazighiyya– who believed thatJa'far al-Sadiq was God.
• Dhammiyya– who believed thatAli was God andMuhammad was his appointed Messenger and Prophet.
• Ghurabiyya– who believed the angelGabriel was mistaken.
• Ibrahimiyya– who believed in manyheterodox practices influenced by theirQizilbash predecessors
• Hurufiyya– who believed God is incarnated in every atom, reminiscent of the Alevi-Bektashism.
  • Nuqtavi– who believed in a cyclical view of time, reminiscent of the Isma'ili Shia.
• Kaysanites– who believed in the Imamate of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah after the death ofHusayn Ibn 'Ali Ibn abu Talib.
  • Bayaniyya– the followers ofBayān al-Nahdi, who believed thatAbu Hashim was a prophet and would return to rule the world asMahdi.Bayān claimedprophethood for himself after the demise ofAbu Hashim, as well.^[1]: 83
  • Harbiyya or Harithiyya– the followers of ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Harb ibn al-Kindi, who initially taughtantinomianism then joinedIbn Mu'awiya's party and later expressed many extremist views about him. Furthermore, Ibn al-Harb introduced some fundamental doctrines includingmetempsychosis, cyclical history of eras and aeons into the radical branch of Shi'ism.^[2] The group claimed thatAbu Hashim designatedIbn Mu'awiya as his successor Imam ofHashimiyya.
    • Riyahiyya– Harbiyya and pro-AbbasidHashimiyya disputed overAbu Hashim's will about the imamate and eventually the disputed parties agreed upon the arbitration of their respected leader Abu Riyah, who decided that the imamate should remain inAbbasids. Most of the followers of Harbiyya, who had previously recognizedIbn Mu'awiya as their imam, seceded and joined to theAbbasid party and they had been calledRiyahiyya. Those who stayed inHarbiyya and continued to recognize the imamete ofIbn Mu'awiya subsequently called asJanahiyya.^[2]
    • Janahiyya– the followers ofʿAbd Allāh ibn Mu'awiya ibnʿAbd Allāh ibnJa'far, who was a descendant ofJa'far ibn Abi Talib known as Dhu'l-Janahayn, believed incarnation of God in a succession of Prophets and imams passing eventually throughIbn al-hanafiya andAbu Hashim toIbn Mu'awiya;transmigration of the souls; andthe allegorical interpretation of the Quran.^[3]
• Mughiriyya– who were influenced byMandean andManichean doctrines and were founded by the first Shi'i gnostic al-Mughira, who claimed that God is a man of light with a crown of light on his head resembling Mandean doctrine of deity referred to as "king of light". Al-Mughira further added that God has limbs corresponding to the letters of Arabic alphabet reminiscent of the teaching ofMarcus the Gnostic.^[4]
• Rawandiyya– who believed in the transmigration of souls. They asserted that the spirit that was inJesus was inAli, and the spirit of Adam was in Othman ibn Nahik.
• Ya’furiyya– who believed in reincarnation and that a man named Mu’ammar al-Kufi was their Lord.
• Soldiers of Heaven– who believed that their former leaderDia Abdul Zahra Kadim (died 2007 CE) was theMahdi and reincarnation ofAli ibn Abi Talib.

• Mutrafya – A Hamdani-based sect of the Zaydi Shia led Mutraf bin Shihab that start gaining followers in Yemen after the fall of the IsmailiZurayids, they were weakened by SunniAyyubids & later famously exterminated as heretics by the Zaydi imamAl-Mansur Abdallah for calling for backing aHamdani imam
• Dukayniyya– who believed Muhammad's followers fell into unbelief after his death because they did not uphold the Imamate of Ali.
• Khalafiyya– who believed in a unique line of Imams after Zayd ibn Ali ibn Husayn Ibn 'Ali Ibn abu Talib, starting with a man named Abd al-Samad and continuing with his descendants.
• Khashabiyya– who believed that the Imamate must remain only among the descendants of Hasan and Husayn, even if that Imam is ignorant, immoral and tyrannical.
• Tabiriyya/Butriyya/Salihiyya– who believed thecompanions, includingAbu Bakr,Umar andUthman, had been in error in failing to follow Ali, but it did not amount to sin.

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Twelver Shi'ism
The Fourteen Infallibles Muhammad Fatimah TheTwelve Imams Ali Hasan Husayn al-Sajjad al-Baqir al-Sadiq al-Kazim ar-Rida al-Taqi al-Naqi al-Askari al-Mahdi
Principles Monotheism Justice Prophethood Imamate Judgement Day
Other beliefs Imamate of the Family Angels Mourning of Muharram Intercession Occultation Wilayat al-Faqih Usul al-fiqh Ijtihad Taqlid Irfan
Practices Salat Sawm Hajj Zakat Khums Jihad Amr bi-l maʿrūf Nahy ani l-Munkar Tawalli Tabarri
Other practices Mourning of Muharram Arba'een Pilgrimage Intercession
Holy cities Mecca Medina Najaf Karbala Mashhad Jerusalem Samarra Kadhimiya Qom
Groups Ja'fari Usuli Akhbari Shaykhi
Other related sects and groups Alawites Sufi orders andAlevism Qizilbash Safaviyya Bektashism and folk religion Malamatiyya Qalandariyya Hurufism Bektashism Galibi Ni'matullāhī
Scholarship Law Marja' (list) Hawza Ayatollah (list) Allamah Seghatoleslam Hojatoleslam Ijtihad
Hadith collections The Four Books Kitab al-Kafi Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih Tahdhib al-Ahkam Al-Istibsar Other hadith collections Book of Sulaym ibn Qays Bihar al-Anwar Wasā'il al-Shīʿa Reality of Certainty Nahj al-Balagha Mafatih al-Jinan Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya Al-Amali
Sources ofijtihad and jurisprudence Qur'an Hadiths ofThe Infallibles Consensus Reason
Related topics List of Twelver Shia books Criticism of Twelver Shi'ism
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• Nawusiyya– who believedJa'far al-Sadiq would return as the Mahdi.^[5]
• Fathiyya or Aftahiyya– who believedAbdallah al-Aftah was the succeeding Imam after his fatherJa'far al-Sadiq's death.^[5]
• Shumaytiyya– who believedMuhammad al-Dibaj was the succeeding Imam after his fatherJa'far al-Sadiq's death.^[5]
• Muhammadites– who believed thatMuhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi was the true 11th Imam, rather thanHasan al-Askari.
• Tawussites– who believed that Ja'far al-Sadiq was the Mahdi and that he was alive and did not die.
• Waqifites– who believed in the Imamate ofMusa al-Kadhim but refused to accept the Imamate of his successorAli ar-Ridha.
• Musha'sha'– founded and led by Muhammad ibn Falah, an Iraqi-born theologian who believed himself to be the earthly representative of Ali and the Mahdi.
• Jaffariyya - founded byJaffar ibn Ali al-Hadi, the youngest son ofAli al-Hadi who claimed the imamate after the death of his brother - the eleventh imamHasan Al-Askari. He denied that his brother Al-Askari had a son.^[6] By denying the existence of the twelfthImam Mehdi all together, claiming it was a fabrication, Jafar was known as al-Kadhdhāb ( 'the Liar'), in theTwelver Shia community.^[6]

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Community Branches/sects Musta'li Tayyibi Dawoodi Bohra Progressive Hebtiahs Bohra Atba-i-Malak Bohra Badar Vakil Sulaymani Bohra Alavi Bohra Qutbi Bohra Hafizi Nizari Seveners Qarmatians Assassins Satpanth States Qarmatian state ofBahrayn Fatimid Caliphate Multan Sulayhid dynasty Zurayid dynasty Hamdanid dynasty Nizari Ismaili state People Hamdan Qarmat ibn Faraj ibn Ḥawshab ibn al-Fadl al-Jayshani ibn Mansur al-Yaman Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi Abu Tahir al-Jannabi Qadi Numan al-Nasafi al-Sijistani al-Kirmani al-Shirazi al-Naysaburi Nasir Khusraw Pamiris Queen Arwa al-Sulayhi Dhu'ayb ibn Musa Hasan-i Sabbah Hassan Ala Zikrihi's-Salam Rashid ad-Din Sinan Pir Sadardin Aga Khans Khojas Dā'ī al-Mutlaqs Nasir al-Din Nasir Hunzai Centers Cairo Anjudan Nizārī strongholds Alamut Atashgah Gerdkuh Lambsar Masyaf Maymun-Diz Rudkhan Qalaat al-Madiq Other Palace of Queen Arwa Queen Arwa Mosque Nizārī Constitution Delegation Ginans Holy Du'a Jama'at Khana Qiyama Abbasid-Baghdad Manifesto House of Knowledge Women
Earlyleaders Ali Hasan Husayn al-Sajjad al-Baqir Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar al-Mubārak Muhammad ibn Ismāʿīl ash-Shākir ʿAbad Allāh(al-Wāfī Ahmad) Ahmad(al-Taqī Muhammad) Ḥusayn(ar-Raḍī ʿAbd Allāh) ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdī bi'l-Lāh al-Qāʾim al-Manṣūr Maʿad al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh Nizār al-ʿAzīz biʾllāh, Manṣūr al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh ʿAlī al-Ẓāhir li-iʿzāz Dīn Allāh Maʿad al-Mustanṣir bi'l-Lāh Nizār al-Muṣṭafā li-Dīn’il-Lāh /Aḥmad al-Mustāʿlī bi'l-Lāh Manṣūr al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām’il-Lāh ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Ḥāfiz li-Dīn Allāh /Abu'l-Qāsim al-Tayyib
Incumbent leaders Nizārī Ismā'īlīImām:Aga Khan V Musta'li Ismaili-TaiyabiDā'ī al-Mutlaqs: Alavi Bohra:Haatim Zakiyuddin Dawoodi Bohra:Mufaddal Saifuddin Qutbi Bohra:Taher Fakhruddin
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• Hafizi– who believed the Caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate,Al Hafiz and his descendants were also the Imam of the Time.
• Seveners–believed thatIsma'il ibn Jafar was the seventh and the last Imam (hereditary leader of the Muslim community in the direct line of Ali). They believed his son,Muhammad ibn Isma'il, would return and bring about an age of justice as Mahdi.
• Qarmatians– a sect of Seveners who believed in a world view where every phenomenon repeated itself in cycles, where every incident was replayed over and over again.

• Islamic schools and branches
• Shi'a view of Ali

• Daftary, Farhad (2007).The Ismāʿı̄lı̄s: Their History and Doctrines (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ISBN 978-0-521-61636-2.
• Madelung, Wilferd; Walker, Paul Ernest (1997).An Ismaili heresiography: the "Bāb Al-shayṭān" from Abū Tammām's Kitāb Al-shajara. BRILL.ISBN 978-90-04-11072-4.
• Momen, M. (1985).An Introduction to Shi'i Islam. Yale University Press.ISBN 9780300035315.

• Shia Islamic branches
• Schisms in Islam
• Islam-related lists
• Extinct Islamic sects

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