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List of explorers

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This is thelatest accepted revision,reviewed on14 November 2025.

Leif Erikson (c. 970 –c. 1020) was a famousNorse explorer who is credited for being the first European to set foot onAmerican soil.

Explorers are listed below with their common names, countries of origin (modern and former), centuries of activity and main areas ofexploration.

Marco Polo (1254–1324) was an Italian explorer who recorded his 24 years-long travels in theBook of the Marvels of the World, introducing Europeans to Central Asia and China.[1]
Zheng He (1371 –c. 1435) was a Chinese explorer who sailed along the Southeast Asian, South Asian, Western Asian, and East African coasts along with his fleet of large ships and several hundred men.
PortugalDiogo Cão (c. 1452 – 1486) was the first European to explore theCongo River and the west coast of Africa, south of theequator.
PortugalBartolomeu Dias (c. 1450 – 1500) is known as the first European to sail around the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488, finding theeastern sea route to theIndian Ocean.
Crown of CastileChristopher Columbus (1451–1506) was an Italian explorer who led an expedition to the New World in 1492.His voyages are celebrated as the discovery of the Americas from a European perspective, and they opened anew era in the history of humankind and sustained contact between the two worlds.
Crown of CastileAlonso de Ojeda (c. 1466 – c. 1515) is noted as the discoverer of South America, as commander of the fleet withJuan de la Cosa andAmerigo Vespucci.
EnglandJohn Cabot (c. 1450 – c. 1500) was an Italian navigator who was the first European that sailed along to North American coast in 1497 since the Norse 500 years prior.
PortugalVasco da Gama (c. 1460 – 1524). Famous Portuguese explorer who sailed to India in 1497–98. He accomplished finding a sea route to Asia which Europeans had been attempting to do for decades prior.
SpainPortugalAmerigo Vespucci (1451–1512). Italian navigator who made several trips to theNew World. He is known for convincing the Europeans that the New World is not Asia, but an entirely new unknown continent. This new continent was soon named after him,America.
PortugalPedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 – c. 1520) discovered the land in what is nowBrazil in 1500 and claimed it forPortugal.
PortugalAfonso de Albuquerque (c. 1453 – 1515) raided, captured, and conquered many coastal cities in Asia that initiated Portugal's dominance in the Indian Ocean. He is also one of the first Europeans to sail to theEast Indies andSpice Islands, along withFrancisco Serrão andAntónio de Abreu.
SpainJuan Ponce de León (1474–1521) was the firstGovernor of Puerto Rico and discoveredFlorida in 1513. He is the first known European to set foot on today'scontiguous United States.
SpainVasco Núñez de Balboa (c. 1475 – 1519) is known for having crossed theIsthmus of Panama to thePacific Ocean in 1513, becoming the first European to reach and see the Pacific from the America's
SpainHernán Cortés (1485–1547). FamousConquistador who led the Spanish expedition to explore andconquer theAztec Empire (1519–1521).
SpainFerdinand Magellan (1480–1521) was a Portuguese explorer who led thesuccessful expedition under Spain to find a western sea route to Asia (1519–1521).
SpainJuan Sebastián Elcano (c. 1486 – 1526) took command after Ferdinand's death and completed the voyage, becoming the first person (along with 17 other crewmates) tocircumnavigate theEarth.
Kingdom of FranceJacques Cartier (1491–1557) was the first European to travel inland inNorth America and claimed the lands he explored forFrance in 1534.
EnglandFrancis Drake (c. 1540 – 1596) was an Englishprivateer who plundered many Spanish towns and ships in theCaribbean and elsewhere. However, he is most notable for completing the second circumnavigation of the world (1577–1580).
Kingdom of FranceSamuel de Champlain (1567–1635) is known as "The Father ofNew France". He founded the first permanent European settlements inCanada, and explored manylakes and rivers in the interior lands from early age to his death.
Dutch RepublicEnglandHenry Hudson (c. 1565 – c. 1611) explored what is nowNew York and northeasternCanada. Today he has both ariver andbay named after him.
Dutch RepublicAbel Tasman (1603–1659) was a Dutch seafarer who was the first known European to sight the islands ofTasmania (named after him),New Zealand, andFiji (1642–43).
Kingdom of Great BritainJames Cook (1728–1779). Famous British explorer who led three voyages to thePacific. He is known for exploring and charting many islands in the ocean such asPolynesia,New Zealand,The Hawaiian Islands, and the eastern coast ofAustralia.
United KingdomDavid Livingstone (1813–1873) is a Scottish explorer and missionary who sought to convert the locals to Christianity and expand British colonization, all the while discovering lakes and rivers within Africa's interior.
NorwayRoald Amundsen (1872–1928) was a Norwegian explorer of thepolar regions. He led the first successful expedition to theSouth Pole in 1911, and eventually also reached theNorth Pole by air in 1926.
NameModern (and former) nationalityCenturiesMain areas explored
António de AbreuPortuguese16thIndonesia
Francisco ZeimotoPortuguese16thJapan
Thomas WyndhamEnglish16thWest Africa
Sir Richard GuildfordEnglish16thMediterranean Sea
William AdamsEnglish17thJapan
Diogo AfonsoPortuguese15thNorthwest African coast
EstevanicoMoroccan16thNorth America
Crispin AgnewScottish20thGreenland,Elephant Island,Northern Patagonian Icefield,Himalayas
Charles AlbanelFrench17thCanada (interior)
Afonso de AlbuquerquePortuguese16thAsia
Buzz AldrinAmerican20thThe Moon
Pero de AlenquerPortuguese15th/16thIndian Ocean
Jean Alfonse (João Afonso)Portuguese-French15th/16thIndian Ocean,Southeast Asia, possiblyAustralia;Brazil,North America
Benedict AllenEnglish20th/21stvarious
Diego de AlmagroSpanish16thPeru,Chile
László AlmásyHungarian19th/20thAfrica
Francisco de AlmeidaPortuguese16thIndia
Lourenço de AlmeidaPortuguese16thSri Lanka,India
Pedro de AlvaradoSpanish16thMexico,Guatemala,Honduras
Francisco ÁlvaresPortuguese16thEthiopia
Gonçalo ÁlvaresPortuguese15thGough Island,Namibia
Jorge ÁlvaresPortuguese16thChina
Roald AmundsenNorwegian20thSouth Pole,Antarctica,Northwest Passage
José Alberto de Oliveira AnchietaPortuguese19thGough Island
Charles John AnderssonSwedish19thSouthern Africa
António de AndradePortuguese16th/17thIndia,Tibet
Fernão Pires de AndradePortuguese16thMing China
Salomon August AndréeSwedish19thArctic
Roy Chapman AndrewsAmerican20thChina,Mongolia
Juan Bautista de AnzaSpanish18thCalifornia
Moncacht-ApéYazoo17th/18thNorth America
Dominick ArduinFrench20th/21stNorth Pole
Henryk ArctowskiPolish20thAntarctic,South America
Neil ArmstrongAmerican20thThe Moon
Ingólfur ArnarsonNorse9thIceland
Vladimir ArsenyevRussian20thFar East
Michael AsherEnglish20thAfrica
Pero de AtaídePortuguese16th/17thIndian Ocean
Vasco de AtaídePortuguese16th/17thIndia,Tibet
Vladimir AtlasovSiberian Cossack17thKamchatka Peninsula
François Xavier AubryFrench Canadian19thAmerican Southwest
Väinö AuerFinnish20thTierra del Fuego andPatagonia
Pedro Menéndez de AvilésSpanish16thFlorida
Juan de AyalaSpanish18thCalifornia
Lucas Vázquez de AyllónSpanish16thSouth Carolina
Diogo de AzambujaPortuguese15thWest African coast
George BackEnglish19thCanada (Arctic)
William BaffinEnglish17thNorthwest Passage, Canada (Arctic)
Ralph BagnoldBritish20thLibyan Desert
Abu Bakr IIMali Empire14thAtlantic Ocean,trans-Atlantic (allegedly)
Samuel BakerEnglish19thAfrica
Vasco Núñez de BalboaSpanish16thPanama, 'discovered' the Pacific Ocean
Robert BallardAmerican20thdeep sea wrecks,Titanic
Ann BancroftAmerican20th/21stArctic,Antarctic
Joseph BanksEnglish18thNewfoundland and Labrador,South Pacific
Hong BaoChinese15thSouth Asia,Southeast Asia,Middle East,East African coast
Giosafat BarbaroItalian15thBlack Sea,Near East
Duarte BarbosaPortuguese15th/16thIndian Ocean, 1stcircumnavigation
Pero de BarcelosPortuguese15th/16thNorth America
Afonso Gonçalves BaldaiaPortuguese15thWestern Sahara
Jeanne BaréFrench18th/19thPacific Ocean
Willem BarentszDutch16thNortheast Passage,Novaya Zemlya,Svalbard
Heinrich BarthGerman19thCentral and northernAfrica
Robert BartlettNewfoundlander20thArctic
William BartramAmerican18thSouthern United States
George BassEnglish18thAustralia,Tasmania
Henry Walter BatesEnglish19thAmazon basin
Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta[2][3]Marinid14thAfrica,Central Asia,China,Europe,Indian subcontinent,Middle East,Russia,Southeast Asia
Nicolas BaudinFrench18thAustralia
James BeckwourthAmerican19thSierra Nevada
William BeebeAmerican20thdeep sea
Pyotr BeketovRussian17thSiberia
Gertrude BellEnglish19th/20ththeregion of SyriaMesopotamiaAsia MinorArabia
Fabian Gottlieb von BellingshausenBaltic German19thAntarctica
Joseph René BellotFrench19thArctic
Móric BenyovszkyHungarian18thnorthernPacific Ocean[4]
Vitus BeringRussian (Danish-born)18thNorthern Pacific Ocean,Bering Strait,Alaska (North America)
Jean de BéthencourtFrench15thCanary Islands
Hiram Bingham IIIAmerican20thMachu Picchu,Peru
Laura BinghamEnglish20th/21stSouth America
Isabella BirdEnglish19th/20thNorth America,Hawaii,Japan,Korea,China,Vietnam,Singapore,Malaysia,India,Persia,Kurdistan,Turkey,Morocco
Stephen BishopAmerican19thMammoth Cave
John Blashford-SnellEnglish20th/21stvarious
Adriaen BlockDutch17thEast Coast of the United States
Nellie BlyAmerican19th/20thtrip around the world in 72 days
Juan Francisco de la Bodega y QuadraSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Benjamin BonnevilleAmerican19thOregon Country,Great Basin
Daniel BooneAmerican18thKentucky,Appalachian Mountains
Vittorio BottegoItalian19thSomalia
Adam BrandGerman17thRussia,China
Pierre Savorgnan de BrazzaItalian-French19thCongo
Saint BrendanIrish6thAtlantic Ocean,Iceland
Jim BridgerAmerican19thWestern United States
James BruceScottish18thAlgeria, theMiddle East,Egypt
William S. BruceScottish20thAntarctica
Jørgen BrønlundGreenlandic20thGreenland
Étienne BrûléFrench17thCanada (interior)
BungareeAboriginal Australian18th/19thAustralian coasts
Lafayette BunnellAmerican19thYosemite Valley
Johann Ludwig BurckhardtSwiss19thMiddle East,Sudan
Robert O'Hara BurkeIrish19thAustralia
Frederick Russell BurnhamAmerican19th/20thAfrica,Mexico
Richard Francis BurtonEnglish19thEast Africa
Thomas ButtonWelsh17thNorthwest Passage
José de Bustamante y GuerraSpanish18thPacific Ocean
Richard E. ByrdAmerican20thNorth Pole,Antarctica
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de VacaSpanish16thSouthwestern United States,Mexico,Argentina
John Cabot[5]Italian15thNorth American mainland (Canada)
Sebastian CabotItalian15thNorthwest Passage (Canada),Río de la Plata,Paraná River (South America)
João CabralPortuguese16thBhutan &Nepal
Pedro Álvares CabralPortuguese15th/16thBrazil,Madagascar
Juan Rodríguez CabrilloPortuguese orSpanish16thCalifornia
Estêvão CacellaPortuguese16thHimalayas
Alvise CadamostoItalian15thCape Verde islands
Antoine de la Mothe CadillacFrench18thNorth America
René CailliéFrench19thNorth Africa
Álvaro CaminhaPortuguese15thSão Tomé and Príncipe islands
Pero Vaz de CaminhaPortuguese15thBrazil
Alberto del CantoPortuguese15th/16thNorthwesternMexico
Diogo CãoPortuguese15thwest coast ofAfrica (including theCongo River)
Hermenegildo de Brito CapeloPortuguese19thAfrican continent
John CarpiniItalian13thCentral Asia,Mongolia
Juan CarrascoSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Kit CarsonAmerican19thRocky Mountains,California,Oregon,Great Basin
Jan CarstenszDutch17thNew Guinea coast,Gulf of Carpentaria
Jacques CartierFrench16thSt. Lawrence River
João de CastroPortuguese15thIndia,Arabian Peninsula &Red Sea
René-Robert Cavelier de La SalleFrench17thMississippi embayment
BodhidharmaIndian/Persian5th/6thChina andSoutheast Asia (semi-legendary)
Thomas CavendishEnglish16thVirginia, Pacific coast ofCentral andSouth America
Merieme ChadidMoroccan,French20th/21stAntarctica,South America,Asia,Astronomer
Paul Du ChailluFrench19thAfrica
Harriet Chalmers AdamsAmerican19th/20thSouth America,Asia,South Pacific
Samuel de ChamplainFrench16th/17thQuebec,Great Lakes
Chang ChunChinese13thCentral Asia,Mongolia
Jean ChardinFrench17thPersia,India
Semion ChelyuskinRussian18thGreat Northern Expedition
Vasily ChichagovRussian18thNorthern Sea Route
Aleksei ChirikovRussian18thGreat Northern Expedition
Fletcher ChristianEnglish18thPolynesia
Boris ChukhnovskyRussian20thArctic
Hugh ClappertonScottish19thwest andCentral Africa
William ClarkAmerican19thWestern United States
Gonçalo CoelhoPortuguese15th/16thSouth American coast
Nicolau CoelhoPortuguese15thBrazil
Frank ColeCanadian20thSahara
Bartholomew ColumbusGenoese15th/16thHispaniola,The Antilles
Christopher Columbus[6]Genoese

15th/16th

Bahamas,Caribbean,Central America,South America (Colombia andVenezuela)
Diego ColumbusPortuguese16thHispaniola (MainlyDominican Republic)
George ComerAmerican19th/20thArctic
MegasthenesGreek3rd BCEIndia
Niccolò Da ContiItalian(Venetian)

15th

India,Southeast Asia
Frederick CookAmerican19th/20thArctic
James CookEnglish18thAustralasia,Oceania
Francisco Vásquez de CoronadoSpanish16thNew Mexico
MahindaIndian3rd BCESri Lanka
Diogo Álvares CorreiaPortuguese16thBrazil
Gaspar Côrte-RealPortuguese16thNewfoundland,Greenland
João Côrte-RealPortuguese15thAzores,Newfoundland (Possible exploration of North America in 1473)
Miguel Côrte-RealPortuguese16thGreenland,Newfoundland,Massachusetts
Hernán CortésSpanish16thMexico
Juan de la CosaSpanish15th/16thCaribbean,South America
Thomas CoulterIrish19thMexico,Alta California
Jean CousinFrench15thPossibly the Americas around 1488. Possibly mouth of theAmazon River
Jacques-Yves CousteauFrench20ththedeep sea
Pero da CovilhãPortuguese15th/16thIndia,Ethiopia
Tom CreanIrish20thAntarctica
Andrew CroftEnglish20thArctic
Tristão da CunhaPortuguese16thTristan da Cunha islands
William Healey DallAmerican19thAlaska,Yukon
William DampierEnglish17th/18thAustralia,Panama, many other locations
Alexandra David-NéelFrench-Belgian20thTibet (Traveled toLhasa)
Isaac DavisWelsh18thHawaii
FaxianChinese5thIndia,Sri Lanka, andSoutheast Asia
John DavisEnglish16thEast Indies,Falkland Islands
Wang DayuanChinese14thSoutheast Asia,Singapore
Semyon DezhnevRussian17thSiberia,Bering Strait (80 years before Vitus Bering)
Bartolomeu DiasPortuguese15thAfrica
Dinis DiasPortuguese15thNorthwest African coast
Diogo DiasPortuguese16thMadagascar,Somalia
Pero DiasPortuguese15thAfrican coast
DicuilIrish8thEngland,Scotland
Karl von DitmarBaltic German19thKamchatka
Raphaël DomjanSwiss21stvarious
Francis DrakeEnglish16thCaribbean, Pacific Coast of North America
Gil EanesPortuguese15thNorthwest African coast
Juan Sebastián ElcanoSpanish16thcompletedFerdinand Magellan'scircumnavigation
Francisco de ElizaSpanish18thStrait of Juan de Fuca andStrait of Georgia
Lincoln EllsworthAmerican20thArctic andAntarctica
Franz EngelGerman19thSouth America
KaundinyaIndian1stSoutheast Asia
Leif ErikssonNorseViking11thVinland (Newfoundland) andNorth American mainland (Canada)
Erik the RedNorseViking10thGreenland
Pedro EscobarPortuguese15thSão Tomé and Príncipe islands
St Vincent Whitshed ErskineBritish-South African19thGazaland &Limpopo River
Eudoxus of CyzicusGreek2nd BCIndian Ocean, attemptedcircumnavigation ofAfrica
EuthymenesGreek6th BCNorthwest African coast
George EverestWelsh19thIndia
Evliya ÇelebiTurkish17thTurkey,Egypt,Africa,Europe
Edward John EyreEnglish19thAustralia
Ahmad ibn FadlanAbbasid Caliphate10thEastern Europe,Middle East,Russia
João Álvares FagundesPortuguese16thNewfoundland andNova Scotia
Edmund FanningAmerican18th/19thOceania
Percy Harrison FawcettEnglish20thAmazon rainforest
Álvaro FernandesPortuguese15thWest African coast
Baltasar FernandesPortuguese17thBrazil
Duarte FernandesPortuguese16thThailand
Juan FernándezSpanish16thJuan Fernández Islands,Pacific Ocean
Salvador FidalgoSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Peter FidlerEnglish18thWestern Canada
Sir Ranulph FiennesEnglish20th/21stArctic,Antarctica
Matthew FlindersEnglish18th/19thAustralia,Tasmania
Alexander ForbesScottish19thCalifornia
Peter ForsskålFinnish18thArabian Peninsula
John FranklinEnglish19thNorthwest Passage
Simon FraserScottish18th/19thBritish Columbia
Lançarote de FreitasPortuguese15thNorthwest African coast
John C. FrémontAmerican19thOregon Trail,Sierra Nevada
Marc-Joseph Marion du FresneFrench18thOceania
Louis de FreycinetFrench19thWestern Australia,Oceania
Martin FrobisherEnglish16thNorthwest Passage, Canada
Afanasy NikitinRussian15thOttoman Empire,Persia andIndia
Xu FuChinese3rd BCJapan
Juan de FucaGreek-Spanish16thStrait of Juan de Fuca,Canada–United States border
Vivian FuchsEnglish20thAntarctica
Alfons GabrielAustrian20thIran
Yuri GagarinSoviet20thEarth orbit
Martín GaleanoItalian(Genoese)-Spanish16thColombia
Dionisio Alcalá GalianoSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Juan GalindoSpanish/Irish19thMesoamerica (Mayan remains)
Estevão da GamaPortuguese16thTrindade and Martim Vaz islands,Indian Ocean
João da GamaPortuguese16thHokkaido,Kuril islands,North Pacific,North America
Paulo da GamaPortuguese15thsea route fromEurope toIndia
Vasco da GamaPortuguese15th/16thsea route fromEurope toIndia
Pedro Sarmiento de GamboaSpanish16thSolomon Islands
Thomas GannIrish19th/20thMesoamerica (Mayan remains)
Francisco GarcésSpanish18thSouthwestern United States, northwestern Mexico
Aleixo GarciaPortuguese16thBrazil,Paraguay andBolivia
Francisco García Jofre de LoaísaSpanish16thPacific Ocean
Francis GarnierFrench19thMekong River
Adrien de GerlacheBelgian19th/20thAntarctica,Arctic
Romolo GessiItalian19ththeNile,Sudan
Humphrey GilbertEnglish16thNorth America
Ernest GilesAustralian19thCentral Australia
Diogo GomesPortuguese15thWest African coast
André GonçalvesPortuguese15th/16thBrazil
Antão GonçalvesPortuguese15thWest African coast
Lopes GonçalvesPortuguese15thAtlantic Ocean
Binot Paulmier de GonnevilleFrench15th/16thBrazil (Santa Catarina)
James Augustus GrantScottish19thEast Africa
João GregoPortuguese15thAfrican coast
Juan de GrijalvaSpanish16thMexico,Nicaragua
Grigory Grum-GrshimailoRussian19th/20thCentral Asia,Tuva,Far East
Gonzalo GuerreroSpanish16thYucatán Peninsula
Mikhail GvozdevRussian18thFirst Kamchatka Expedition,Great Northern Expedition
Charles GwynnIrish19th/20thSudan
Niels Peter Høeg HagenDanish20thGreenland
Hanno the NavigatorCarthaginian6th BCWest African coast
HannuEgyptian21st/20th BCEast Africa
Gonzalo López de HaroSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Alfred HarrisonEnglish20thArctic
Dirk HartogDutch17thWestern Australian coast
Ahmed Pasha Hassanein[7]Egyptian20thOweinat and theSahara
Ferdinand Vandeveer HaydenAmerican19thRocky Mountains and theWestern United States
Zheng HeChinese15thSouth Asia,Southeast Asia,Middle East,East African coast
Samuel HearneEnglish18thNorth Canada,Arctic
Bruno de HecetaSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Sven HedinSwedish19th/20thCentral Asia
Matthew Alexander HensonAmerican20thArctic
Louis HennepinBelgian-French17thNorth American interior
Pedro de HerediaSpanish16thNorthernColombia
Bjarni HerjulfssonNorseViking10thNorth America
William Lewis HerndonAmerican19thAmazon basin
HerodotusGreek5th BCNear East,Middle East,North Africa
Thor HeyerdahlNorwegian20thanthropological ocean voyages
Sir Edmund HillaryNew Zealander20thMount Everest,Antarctica
Himilco the NavigatorCarthaginian6th BCNorthwestern coast ofEurope
HippalusGreek1st BCIndian Ocean
Clement HodgkinsonEnglish19thNew South Wales (Australia)
Pelham AldrichEnglish19th/20thArctic
Emil HolubCzech19thAfrica
Robert HottotFrench20thCongo River
Cornelis de HoutmanDutch16thsea route from Europe toIndonesia
Frederick de HoutmanDutch16th/17thWestern Australian coast
William HovellEnglish19thSouthernNew South Wales
Du HuanChinese8thCentral Asia,Middle East,East African coast
Henry HudsonEnglish17thNorthwest Passage,Hudson River and Hudson Bay
Alexander von HumboldtGerman19thLatin America,Siberia
Hamilton HumeAustralian19thAustralian interior
James S. HutchinsonAmerican20thSierra Nevada
HyechoKorean8thIndia,Persia andCentral Asia
João InfantePortuguese15thAfrican coast
Helge IngstadNorwegian20thNewfoundland,Greenland,Alaska
James IrwinAmerican20thThe Moon
Kurbat IvanovSiberian Cossack17thSiberia,Russian Far East, discoverer ofLake Baikal
Roberto IvensPortuguese19thAfrican continent
Cristóvão JacquesPortuguese16thParaná River,Brazil,Uruguay,Argentina
James of IrelandIrish14thSumatra,China
Willem JanszoonDutch17thAustralia (Queensland)
Anthony JenkinsonEnglish16thRussia,Persia
Louis JollietFrench Canadian17thMississippi River
Jørgen JørgensenDanish18th/19thTasmania
Friar JulianHungarian13thVolga Bulgaria
Conrad Carel KäyserDutch20thSuriname
Thorfinn KarlsefniIcelandic11thVinland
Johann Karl Ehrenfried KegelGerman19thKamchatka
George KennanAmerican19th/20thRussia[8]
Edmund KennedyBritish-Australian19thAustralian interior
Robert KennicottAmerican19thAlaska,Siberia,Yukon and Northern Canada
Yerofey KhabarovRussian17thSecond Russian to explore theAmur region
Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn AswadAndalusian9thAtlantic Ocean (possibly mythical)
Mary KingsleyEnglish19thCameroon,Gabon,Congo, and other South West African regions
Eusebio KinoItalian17th/18thCalifornias,Sonora andArizona
Maria KlenovaRussian20thOne of the founders ofmarine geology
Amyr KlinkBrazilian20thAntarctica
John KnightEnglish17thGreenland,Labrador
Johan Peter KochDanish20thGreenland
Alexander KolchakRussian20thRussian Arctic
Ferdinand KonščakCroatian17thBaja California Peninsula
Fyodor KonyukhovRussian20th/21stcircumnavigation,Explorers Grand Slam,pole of inaccessibility
Otto von KotzebueBaltic German19thPacific Ocean
Pyotr KozlovRussian20thMongolia,Tibet
Johann Ludwig KrapfGerman19thEthiopia,Kenya
Pyotr KrenitsynRussian18thAlaska,Aleutian Islands,Kamchatka Peninsula
Adam Johann von KrusensternBaltic German19thFirst Russian circumnavigation
Francisco de LacerdaPortuguese18thZambia
Juan LadrilleroSpanish16thChile
Ernest Doudard de LagréeFrench19thIndochina,Mekong andYunnan
Alexander Gordon LaingScottish19thWest Africa (Niger River andTimbuktu)
Pierre Martin de La MartinièreFrench17thNorway,Lapland, northernRussia,Novaya Zemlya,Greenland andIceland
Richard Lemon LanderEnglish19thWest Africa (Niger andBenue Rivers)
Grigori Ivanovitch LangsdorffRussian–German19thBrazil
Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La PérouseFrench18thPacific Rim
Khariton LaptevRussian18thGreat Northern Expedition
Anthony de la RochéEnglish17thAntarctic (South Georgia)
Gadifer de la SalleFrench15thCanary Islands
João Fernandes LavradorPortuguese15th/16thLabrador
Joseph N. LeConteAmerican20thSierra Nevada
Albert von Le CoqGerman19th/20thCentral Asia
John LedyardAmerican18thAustralasia,Oceania,Russia
Miguel López de LegazpiSpanish16thPhilippines
Ludwig LeichhardtGerman19thAustralian interior
Jacob Le MaireDutch17thSouth Pacific (Cape Horn,Tonga Islands,Wallis and Futuna)
Gaspar de LemosPortuguese15thBrazil
Dragutin LermanCroatian19th/20thCongo
Mikhail LevashevRussian18thAlaska,Aleutian Islands,Kamchatka Peninsula
Meriwether LewisAmerican18th/19thWestern United States
Sir Martin Lindsay, 1st BaronetScottish20thEastGreenland
João de LisboaPortuguese15th/16thIndian Ocean,Brazil,Uruguay andArgentina
St. George LittledaleEnglish19thCentral Asia andNorth America
David LivingstoneScottish19thSouthern andEast Africa
Louis-Philippe LonckeBelgian21stAustralia, theAndes andIceland
Jim LovellAmerican20thOuter Space
Alexander MackenzieScottish Canadian18th/19thCanada
Ferdinand MagellanPortuguese15th/16th1stcircumnavigation,Philippines,Strait of Malacca,Indian Ocean
Jacques MahuFrench-Dutch16thCape Verde islands
Alessandro MalaspinaItalian-Spanish18thPacific Ocean
Teoberto MalerGerman-Italian19thMesoamerica (Mayan remains)
George MalloryEnglish20thMount Everest
Lancelotto MalocelloItalian13th/14thLanzarote (Canary Islands)
Albert Hastings MarkhamBritish19thArctic
Lourenço MarquesPortuguese16thMozambique
Jacques MarquetteFrench17thMississippi River
Álvaro MartinsPortuguese15thNewfoundland,Cape of Good Hope
Pedro MascarenhasPortuguese16thIndian Ocean,Diego Garcia
John Minor MauryAmerican19thDarién Gap
Douglas MawsonAustralian20thAntarctica
Robert McClureIrish19thArctic
Robert McCormickBritish19thArctic andAntarctic Oceans
Álvaro de MendañaSpanish16thPacific Ocean
António Lopes MendesPortuguese19thBrazil,India
Cristóvão de MendonçaPortuguese16thEast Asia,Australasia
Pedro de MendozaSpanish16thSouth America
Jorge de MenezesPortuguese16thPapua New Guinea
Archibald MenziesScottish18th/19thPacific Ocean,circumnavigation
Alexander von MiddendorffRussian-Baltic German19thSiberia,Far East,Lapland,Fergana Valley
Ejnar MikkelsenDanish20thGreenland
Nicholas Miklouho-MaclayRussian19thNew Guinea
Thomas MitchellScottish19thAustralian interior
Richard MohunAmerican19th/20thCongo Free State
Pierre Dugua, Sieur de MonsFrench16th/17thNorth America
George Fletcher MooreIrish19thAustralia
John MoresbyEnglish19thNew Guinea coast
Ivan MoskvitinRussian17thFirst European to reach theSea of Okhotsk
António MotaPortuguese16thJapan
Henri MouhotFrench19thSouth East Asia
Francisco Antonio MourelleSpanish18thPacific Northwest andPacific Ocean
Bimal MukherjeeIndian20thcircumnavigation
Ludvig Mylius-ErichsenDanish20thGreenland
Gustav NachtigalGerman19thAfrica[9]
NaddoddurNorseViking9thIceland
Nain Singh Rawat (Pundit Brothers)Indian19thTibet,Himalayas andCentral Asia
Fridtjof NansenNorwegian19th/20thArctic
José María NarváezSpanish18thPacific Northwest
NearchusGreek4th BCArabian Sea,Persian Gulf
NehsiEgyptian15th BCLand of Punt
Arthur Henry NeumannEnglish19thAfrica
Gennady NevelskoyRussian19thSakhalin
Jean NicoletFrench17thNorthwest Territory (United States)
Joseph NicolletFrench-American19thMississippi andMissouri Rivers
António NoliPortuguese15thCape Verde islands
Adolf Erik NordenskiöldFinnish19thArctic
Tenzing NorgayNepalese20thMount Everest
Fernão de NoronhaPortuguese15th/16thAtlantic Ocean
João da NovaGalician-Portuguese16thAtlantic andIndian Oceans
Paulo Dias de NovaisPortuguese16thAngola
Kazimierz NowakPolish20thAfrica
Vanessa O'BrienAmerican andBritish20th/21stMountaineering andChallenger Deep inMarianas Trench
Sebastián de OcampoSpanish16thCaribbean,Gulf of Mexico
Addison O'DeaAmerican21stThe Sahara
Odoric of PordenoneItalian14thPersia,India andChina
Peter Skene OgdenCanadian19thSnake River country,Western United States
Alonso de OjedaSpanish15th/16thSouth America (north),Caribbean
Juan de OñateSpanish16thAmerican Southwest
Francisco de OrellanaSpanish16thSouth America,Amazon River
Simone OrlandiniItalian21stArctic,Tibet
Íñigo Órtiz de RetesSpanish16thPapua New Guinea
John OxenhamEnglish16thPanama,Pacific Ocean
John OxleyEnglish19thAustralia[10]
Pedro PáezSpanish16th/17thEthiopia
Juan PardoSpanish16thSoutheastern United States
Mungo ParkScottish18th/19thWest Africa (Niger River)
William ParryEnglish19thArctic
James Ohio PattieAmerican19thWestern United States
Fiann PaulIcelandic21stArctic,Antarctic,Oceans
Nathaniel PearceEnglish19thEthiopia
Robert PearyAmerican19th/20thArctic
Paul PelliotFrench19th/20thcentral Asia
Diogo Fernandes PereiraPortuguese15th/16thMadagascar,Mascarenes (Réunion,Mauritius, andRodrigues)
Duarte Pacheco PereiraPortuguese15thAtlantic Ocean,Brazil
Bartolomeu PerestreloPortuguese15thMadeira Islands
Juan PérezSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Maksim PerfilyevSiberian Cossack17thEastern Siberia, first Russian to reachTransbaikalia
Ivan PetlinSiberian Cossack17thFirst Russian to reachChina
Auguste PiccardSwiss20thEarth's atmosphere, thedeep sea
Jacques PiccardSwiss20ththe deep sea
Antonio PigafettaItalian(Venetian)16thSurvived the1st circumnavigation of the world
Zebulon PikeAmerican19thLouisiana Purchase (United States)
Alonso Alvarez de PinedaSpanish16thGulf Coast
Fernão Mendes PintoPortuguese16thIndia,Far East,Japan
Serpa PintoPortuguese19thSouthern Africa
Martin Alonzo PinzónSpanish15thCaribbean
Vicente Yáñez PinzónSpanish15th/16thCaribbean,Brazil
Luís PiresPortuguese15thabortive voyage to Brazil
Francisco PizarroSpanish16thHispaniola,Panama,Peru
Fernão do PóPortuguese15thWest African coast
Marco PoloItalian(Venetian)13th/14thChina,Mongol Empire,India
Juan Ponce de LeónSpanish15th/16thFlorida
Peter PondAmerican18th/19thCanada interior
Fedot PopovRussian17thThe first European expedition through theBering Strait
António da Silva PortoPortuguese19thAngola interior
Gaspar de PortolàSpanish18thAlta andBaja California
PosidoniusGreek1st BCGaul
Sydney PossueloBrazilian20th/21stAmazon
Panayotis PotagosGreek19thAfrica
Grigory PotaninRussian19thInner Asia
John Wesley PowellAmerican19thWestern United States
Vassili PoyarkovRussian17thFirst Russian explorer of theAmur region
Mandil PradhanNepalese21stHimalayas
Gavriil PribylovRussian18thPribilof Islands
Vasili PronchishchevRussian18thGreat Northern Expedition
Maria PronchishchevaRussian18thThe first femaleArctic explorer
Nathaniel Hale PryorAmerican19thwestern United States
Nikolai PrzhevalskyRussian19thCentral Asia
Peter PugetEnglish19thPuget Sound
PytheasGreek4th BCNorthern Europe
Zhang QianChinese2nd BCCentral Asia
Pedro Fernandes de QueirósPortuguese16th/17thOceania
Gonzalo Jiménez de QuesadaSpanish16thFrom Santa Marta to the Bogotá savanna; quest forEl Dorado
Hernán Pérez de QuesadaSpanish16thCaquetá, Colombia; quest forEl Dorado
Manuel QuimperSpanish18thPacific Northwest
Emil RacovițăRomanian19th/20thAntarctica
John RaeScottish Canadian19thNorthwest Passage, Canada (Arctic)
Sir Walter RaleighEnglish16th/17thVirginia,Orinoco River
Knud RasmussenDanish20thArctic
Piri ReisTurkish15th/16thMediterranean Sea
Matteo RicciItalian16thChina
Mario RigbyTurks and Caicos Islander21stAfrica
Arthur RimbaudFrench19thHorn of Africa (Abyssinia)
Luigi RobecchiItalian19thAfrica
Diogo RodriguesPortuguese16thMascarene Islands
Nicholas RoerichRussian20thCentral Asia,Northeast Asia
Jacob RoggeveenDutch18thSouth Pacific (Easter Island)
Cândido RondonBrazilian19th/20thBrazilian interior (Amazon Basin)
James Clark RossEnglish19thArctic,Antarctic
Sir John RossScottish19thArctic
John RossScottish Australian19thNorthern Territory
William of RubruckFlemish13thCentral Asia
Nikolay RudanovskyRussian19thSakhalin
Henry RussellIrish19thPyrenees
Ahmad ibn RustahPersian10thRussia,Scandinavia,Arabia
João de SáPortuguese15th/16thIndia,African coast
Álvaro de SaavedraSpanish16thPapua New Guinea,Caroline Islands,Marshall Islands
Edward SabineIrish19thArctic
SacagaweaLemhi Shoshone18th/19thWestern United States
Anatoly SagalevichRussian20th/21stExplorer of theWorld Ocean, seabed at theNorth Pole
Kira SalakAmerican20th/21stPapua New Guinea,Mali,Bhutan
Alonso de SalazarSpanish16thMarshall Islands,Pacific Ocean
Agustín LizárragaPeruvian20thMachu Picchu
Gadiel Sánchez RiveraPeruvian21stAmazon,Lake Titicaca
Sándor Kőrösi CsomaHungarian19thTibet
Yakov SannikovRussian19thNew Siberian Islands
João de SantarémPortuguese15thSão Tomé and Príncipe islands
Gavril SarychevRussian18th/19thSea of Okhotsk,Baltic Sea,Aleutian Islands
Martin SauerEnglish18thSiberia,Alaska
Rabban Bar SaumaTurco-Mongol13thEurope,Middle East
Johann SchiltbergerGerman15thCentral Asia
Adolf SchlagintweitGerman19thCentral Asia
Eduard SchlagintweitGerman19thCentral Asia
Emil SchlagintweitGerman19thCentral Asia
Hermann SchlagintweitGerman19thCentral Asia
Robert SchlagintweitGerman19thCentral Asia
Ulrich SchmidlGerman16thRío de la Plata
Willem SchoutenDutch17thSouth Pacific (Cape Horn,Tonga Islands,Wallis and Futuna)
Georg August SchweinfurthBaltic German19thEast and Central Africa
Robert Falcon ScottEnglish19th/20thAntarctica (South Pole)
Scylax of CaryandaGreek6th BCIndus River,Indian Ocean,Red Sea
Tibor SekeljCroat20thArgentina
Mirko and Stjepan SeljanCroat20thEthiopia,South America
Frederick Courtney SelousEnglish19thAfrica
Symon SemeonisHiberno-Norman14thJerusalem,Albania
Gomes de SequeiraPortuguese16thCaroline Islands,Pacific Ocean
João SerrãoPortuguese15th/16th1stCircumnavigation (also later its co-captain general); commanded the ship Santiago in the Atlantic and the Concepcion across the Pacific,Strait of Malacca,Indian Ocean
Francisco SerrãoPortuguese15th/16thIndonesia
Ernest ShackletonEnglish-Irish20thAntarctica
Robert Barkley ShawEnglish19thCentral Asia
Eric ShiptonEnglish20thMount Everest, southernPatagonia
Tanaka ShōsukeJapanese17thMexico
Diogo SilvesPortuguese15thAzores
James SimpsonEnglish20thNorthGreenland
Pero de SintraPortuguese15thWest African coast,Sierra Leone
Pierre-Jean De SmetBelgian19thNorth America
Jedediah SmithAmerican19thWestern United States,Rocky Mountains
John SmithEnglish17thNorth America
William SmithEnglish19thSouth Shetland Islands
Eugene SmurgisRussian20thArctic Ocean
J. Dewey SoperCanadian20thCanadian Arctic
Hernando de SotoSpanish16thCentral America,Southern United States
Martim Afonso de SousaPortuguese16thBrazilian interior
John Hanning SpekeEnglish19thEast Africa
Hans StadenGerman16thBrazil
Ed StaffordEnglish21stAmazon
William Grant StairsCanadian19thCentral Africa
Henry Morton StanleyWelsh19thEast Africa
Vilhjalmur StefanssonIcelandic Canadian20thCanadian Arctic
Marc Aurel SteinHungarian-British19th/20thCentral Asia
John Lloyd StephensAmerican19thMiddle East,Mesoamerica (Mayan remains)
Paweł Strzelecki[11]Polish-British19ththeAmericas,Australia (Gippsland)
John McDouall StuartScottish19thAustralian Interior
Charles SturtBritish19thAustralian Interior
Gardar SvavarssonSwedish9thIceland
Anders SvedlundSwedish20thOceans
Otto SverdrupNorwegian19th/20thArctic
Ignacije SzentmartonyCroat18thAmazon River
Abel TasmanDutch17thAustralasia, includingTasmania
António Raposo TavaresPortuguese17thParaguay River, part of theAndes mountain range,Grande River,Mamoré River,Madeira River,Amazon River (Brazil,Paraguay,Bolivia) Union ofLa Plata Basin to the Amazon River – circumnavigation of Brazil.
Jean-Baptiste TavernierFrench17thPersia,India
Mikhail TebenkovRussian19thAlaska,Aleutian Islands,Amur River
Pedro TeixeiraPortuguese17thAmazon River
Tristão Vaz TeixeiraPortuguese15thMadeira Islands
Wilfred ThesigerEnglish20thAfrica,Middle East
David ThompsonWelsh–English18th/19thWestern Canada,Pacific Northwest
Guðríður ÞorbjarnardóttirIcelandic11thNorth America
Harold William TilmanEnglish20thHimalayas,Patagonia
Yermak TimofeyevichRussian[12]16thSiberia
Tenjiku TokubeiJapanese17thSouth East Asia,India
Eduard TollBaltic German19thArctic
Luis Váez de TorresSpanishGalician16th/17thAustralasia
Nuno TristãoPortuguese15thWest African coast,Guinea-Bissau
Petrus Johannes TruterDutch19thBechuanaland
Hasekura TsunenagaJapanese17thMexico,Europe
Benjamin of TudelaJewishNavarrese12thMediterranean Sea,Arabian Peninsula,Red Sea,Persian Gulf
Andrés de UrdanetaSpanish16thPacific Ocean,Manila Galleon route
Jules Dumont d'UrvilleFrench19thAntarctica
Cayetano Valdés y FloresSpanish18thPacific Northwest
George VancouverEnglish18thPacific coast of North America[13]
Ludovico di VarthemaItalian15th/16thArabian Peninsula, Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia
Gonçalo VelhoPortuguese15thAzores
François de La VérendryeFrench Canadian18thWestern Canada
Louis-Joseph Gaultier de La VérendryeFrench Canadian18thGreat Plains
Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, sieur de La VérendryeFrench18thGreat Plains
Giovanni da VerrazzanoItalian16thEast Coast of the United States
Amerigo VespucciItalian15th/16thEasternSouth American coast,Caribbean
Flóki VilgerðarsonNorseViking9thIceland
Ruy López de VillalobosSpanish16thPacific Ocean,Philippines
Vandino and Ugolino VivaldiItalian13thAfrica, in a failed attempt to reach India
Sebastián VizcaínoSpanish16thNorthwest Pacific, California Coast
Willem de VlaminghDutch17thSouthwest Australian coast
Maarten Gerritsz VriesDutch17thNorthwest Pacific (Hokkaido,Sakhalin)
Lionel WaferWelsh17thMalay Archipelago, Isthmus of Panama
Jean-Frédéric WaldeckFrench19thMesoamerica (Mayan remains)
Thomas WalkerAmerican18thEastern United States[14]
Samuel WallisBritish18thFirst recorded visit toTahiti
Gino WatkinsEnglish20thEastGreenland & Labrador
Langdon WarnerAmerican20ththeSilk Road
Alfred WegenerGerman20thGreenland
John WhiteEnglish16thRoanoke Island
Jim WhittakerAmerican20thMount Everest,Antarctica
Frederick WhymperEnglish19thAlaska,Kamchatka,Yukon
Charles WilkesAmerican19thPacific Ocean
Edward Adrian WilsonEnglish19th/20thAntarctica
Ernest Henry WilsonEnglish19th/20thEast Asia,East Africa,Central andSouth America,Australia,New Zealand
James WilsonBritish18thPacific Islands
Thomas Braidwood WilsonScottish Australian19thAustralia
Harry de WindtFrench19th/20thEurasia
Fanny Bullock WorkmanAmerican19th/20thHimalaya
Ferdinand von WrangelBaltic German19thNorthernRussia
XuanzangChinese7thIndian subcontinent,Central Asia
John YoungScottish-English18thHawaii
Sir Francis YounghusbandBritish19th/20thCentral Asia
Topa Inca YupanquiInca15thPacific
João Gonçalves ZarcoPortuguese15thMadeira Islands
Gonzalo García ZorroSpanish16thColombia
Karl HelbigGerman20thJava,Sumatra,Borneo,Central America

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Marco Polo – Exploration". History.com. Retrieved9 January 2017.
  2. ^"Travellers on the Silk Road before the year 1000 AD - Silk-Road.com".Archived from the original on 11 April 2001. Retrieved14 June 2022.
  3. ^Battuta's Travels: Part Three – Persia and IraqArchived 23 April 2008 at theWayback Machine
  4. ^"Memoirs and Travels of Mauritius Augustus Count de Benyowsky: Consisting of His Military Operations in Poland, His Exile into Kamchatka, His Escape and Voyage from that Peninsula through the Northern Pacific Ocean, Touching at Japan and Formosa, to Canton in China, with an Account of the French Settlement He Was Appointed to Form upon the Island of Madagascar".World Digital Library. 1790.Archived from the original on 22 April 2009. Retrieved6 July 2013.
  5. ^Giovanni Caboto.
  6. ^Cristoforo Colombo.
  7. ^"The World of Ahmed Bey Hassanein".saharasafaris.org.Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved14 June 2022.
  8. ^Kamchatka,Caucasus,Siberia.
  9. ^"Sahara and Sudan: The Results of Six Years Travel in Africa".World Digital Library. 1879–1889.Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved2 October 2013.
  10. ^New South Wales, southeasternQueensland.
  11. ^Sir Paul de Strzelecki.
  12. ^Cossack.
  13. ^U.S. Pacific Coast,Pacific Northwest.
  14. ^Allegheny Mountains,Cumberland Plateau.

External links

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