This page gives alist of domesticated animals,[1] also including a list ofanimals which are or may be currently undergoing the process of domestication and animals that have an extensive relationship with humans beyond simple predation. This includes species which are semi-domesticated, undomesticated butcaptive-bred on a commercial scale, or commonly wild-caught, at least occasionally captive-bred, andtameable. In order to be considered fully domesticated, most species have undergone significantgenetic,behavioural andmorphological changes from their wild ancestors, while others have changed very little from their wild ancestors despite hundreds or thousands of years of potentialselective breeding. A number of factors determine how quickly any changes may occur in a species, but there is not always a desire to improve a species from its wild form. Domestication is a gradual process, so there is no precise moment in the history of a given species when it can be considered to have become fully domesticated.
Zooarchaeology has identified three classes of animal domesticates:
| Species and subspecies | Wild ancestor | Date | Location of origin | Purposes | Image | Changes from wild ancestor/ Notes | Extent in the wild vs. captivity | Taxon group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic dog (Canis familiaris)[3] | ExtinctPleistocene population of thegrey wolf (Canis lupus ssp.)[4] | 13,000BCE[5][6] | China,[7][8][9] | meat, leather,fiber, hunting, herding, guarding, fighting, racing, working, rescuing, guiding,policing, draft, pack, sport, service, therapy,narcotics detection, truffle harvesting, pest control, research, education, show, pets |  | Tame (with exceptions),[10] significant physical changes, probably significant behavioral changes as well | Domestic andferal dogs both very common,[10] ancestor or nearest wild relative less common, but not rare | 1cCarnivora |
| Domestic sheep (Ovis aries)[3] | Possibly theArmenian mouflon (Ovis gmelini gmelini) | 11 000 BCE to 9000 BCE[11][12] | Anatolia,Iran | meat, milk, fiber, leather, hides, pelts, horns, vellum, manure, guarding, fighting, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, research, ornamental, show, pets |  | Some physical changes | Common in captivity, threatened in the wild | 1bBovidae |
| Domestic pig (Sus domesticus) | Anatolian boar (Sus scrofa libycus),[13]Northern Chinese boar (Sus scrofa moupinensis)[14] | 9400 BCE[15][16][17][18] | China,Western Asia | meat, leather, tusks, manure, guarding, fighting, racing, truffle harvesting, weed control, research, show, pets |  | Some physical changes | Common in the wild, much more common in captivity, feral populations common in some areas | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae |
| European cattle or taurine cattle (Bos taurus)[3][19][20] | Eurasian aurochs (Bos primigenius primigenius)† | 8500 BCE[21][22] | China,[23]Western Asia | meat, milk, leather, hides, fiber, horns, vellum, blood, dung, working, plowing, guarding, fighting, racing, draft, mount, soil fertilization, lawn mowing, weed control, worship, show, pets |  | Some physical changes | Very common in captivity, wild relatives extinct, feral populations fairly common | 1bBovidae |
| Domestic goat (Capra hircus) | Bezoar ibex (Capra aegagrus aegagrus) | 8000 BCE[24][25][26] | Iran | milk, meat, fiber, skin, horns, vellum, manure, guarding, fighting, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, clearing land, show, pets |  | Slight physical changes | Common in captivity, threatened in the wild, feral populations common | 1bBovidae |
| Zebu, Brahman cattle, indicine cattle or humped cattle (Bos indicus)[3] | Indian aurochs (Bos primigenius namadicus)† | 8000 BCE | Indian subcontinent | meat, milk, leather, hides, horns, vellum, blood, dung, working, plowing, fighting, racing, draft, soil fertilization, lawn mowing, show, pets |  | Considerable physical changes | Common in captivity, wild relatives extinct | 1bBovidae |
| Domestic cat or house cat (Felis catus)[3] | CommonNorth African wildcat (Felis lybica lybica)[27] | 8000–7500 BCE[27] | theNear East | meat, pelts, pest control, research,show, pets |  | Tame, slight physical changes | Very abundant in captivity; true wildcat species less abundant, though not rare,feral populations very common | 1cCarnivora |
| Domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) | Bangladesh red junglefowl (Gallus gallus murghi) with some contribution from thegrey junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii) | 6000 BCE[28] | India andSoutheast Asia | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, manure, guarding, alarming, fighting, racing, pest control, weed control, ornamental, show, pets |  | Some physical changes, considerable reproductive changes | Very common in the wild and in captivity | 2bGalliformes |
| Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | Montane guinea pig (Cavia tschudii) | 5000 BCE | Peru | meat, manure, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, research, show, pets |  | Tame, slight physical changes | Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity | 1dRodentia |
| Domestic donkey, domestic ass or burro (Equus asinus) | African wild ass (Equus africanus), including subspeciesNubian (E. a. africanus) andSomali wild ass (E. a. somaliensis)[29] | 5000 BCE[30][31] | Nubia | meat, milk, manure, working, plowing, guarding, racing, draft, pack, mount, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets |  | Slight physical changes | Somewhat common in captivity and as feral populations, wild relatives critically endangered | 1eOther mammals |
| Gayal or Mithun (Bos frontalis)[3] | Gaur (Bos gaurus) with significantintrogression from otherBos species[32][33] | 5000 BCE[34] | Southeast Asia,Northeast India | meat, milk, horns, dung | _male.JPG) | Slight physical changes | Somewhat common in captivity, threatened in the wild | 1bBovidae |
| Domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) | Common mallard (Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos) | 4000 BCE | China | meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, pest control, weed control, ornamental, show, pets |  | Considerable physical changes | Common in captivity, but more abundant in the wild | 2aAnseriformes |
| Domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)[3] | Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) | 4000 BCE | India,China, thePhilippines | meat, milk, horns, dung, working, plowing, fighting, racing, draft, mount, lawn mowing, show |  | Mainly unchanged from the wild animal | Common in captivity, endangered in the wild, feral populations common in parts of Australia and South America[35][36] | 1bBovidae |
| Dromedary or Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius)[37] | Unknown | 4000 BCE | Arabia, theHorn of Africa | meat, milk, urine, racing, hunting, pack, mount, show, pets |  | Tame, few physical changes | Moderately common in captivity, small feral population in original range, significantferal population in Australia, truly wild dromedaries may be extinct | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae |
| Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) includingsubspeciesGerman (A. m. mellifera),Italian (A. m. ligustica),Carniolan (A. m. carnica),Caucasian (A. m. caucasia),Greek (A. m. cecropia),Saharan (A. m. sahariensis) andEgyptian honey bees (A. m. lamarckii) | - | 4000 BCE(the modern era forA. m. mellifera, the 1880s forA. m. ligustica, uncertain forA. m. carnica,A. m. caucasia,A. m. cecropia,A. m. sahariensis andA. m. lamarckii) | Europe (includingGermany,Italy,Greece,Slovenia and theUnited Kingdom),Georgia,North Africa | honey, wax, propolis, bee brood, royal jelly, venom, pollen, pollination, research |  | Some physical and behavioral changes, actual domestication status is still a point of contention[38] | Very common in captivity, feral populations common, extent of status in the wild unclear; seeWestern honey bee for details | 6aHymenoptera |
| Domestic horse (Equus caballus) | Extinct unknown population of thewild horse (Equus ferus), possibly thetarpan or European wild horse (E. f. ferus)†[39] | 4000-3500 BCE[40][41] | Ukraine orKazakhstan | milk, meat, leather, hair, manure, working, plowing, fighting, racing, servicing, guiding, draft, pack, mount, execution, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets |  | Tame, some physical changes, mainly in colouration | Common in captivity, very rare in the wild, feral populations common | 1eOther mammals |
| Bali cattle (Bos javanicus domesticus) | Banteng (Bos javanicus)[42] | 3500 BCE[42] | Bali,Indonesia | meat, milk, horns, dung, working, plowing, draft, show |  | Slight physical changes | Common in captivity, endangered in the wild | 1bBovidae |
| Domestic silkmoth (Bombyx mori) | Wild silkmoth (Bombyx mandarina) | 3000 BCE | China | silk, animal feed, pets |  | Tame/held in captivity, some physical changes, flightless | Fairly common in captivity, extent of status in the wild unclear | 6bLepidoptera |
| Eri silkmoth (Samia ricini) | Ailanthus silkmoth (Samia cynthia) andwild eri silkmoth (Samia canningi) | date uncertain | India | silk, pets |  | Tame/held in captivity, some physical changes | Common in captivity | 6bLepidoptera |
| Domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) | Rock dove (Columba livia) | 3000 BCE | theMediterranean Basin | meat, manure, racing, messenger, ornamental, show, pets |  | Artificially selected and bred into many varieties including meat breeds, racing/messenger breeds and fancy plumage breeds | Relatively common in captivity, very common in the wild, feral populations extremely abundant | 2cColumbiformes |
| Domestic goose anddomestic swan goose (Anser anser domesticus andA. cygnoides domesticus) | Greylag goose (Anser anser) andswan goose (A. cygnoides) | 3000 BCE forA. anser, date uncertain forA. cygnoides[43] | Egypt (A. anser),China (A. cygnoides) | meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, alarming, pest control, weed control, show, pets |  | Considerable physical changes | Common in the wild and in captivity | 2aAnseriformes |
| Domestic yak (Bos grunniens)[3] | Wild yak (Bos mutus) | 2500 BCE | Tibet,Nepal | meat, milk, fiber, horns, dung, working, plowing, guarding, fighting, racing, pack, mount, show, pets |  | Tame, slight physical changes | Fairly common in captivity; threatened in the wild | 1bBovidae |
| Domestic Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) | Wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus) | 2500 BCE | Central Asia (Afghanistan) | meat, milk, hair, dung, pack, mount, show, pets |  | Tame, few physical changes | Moderately common in captivity, critically endangered in the wild | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae |
| Llama (Lama glama)[3] | Guanaco (Lama guanicoe cacsilensis)[44] | 2400 BCE[45] | Peru,Bolivia | meat, fiber, manure, working, guarding, racing, draft, pack, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets |  | Slight physical changes | Fairly common in the wild and in captivity | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae |
| Alpaca (Lama pacos)[3] | Vicuña (Lama vicugna mensalis)[44] | 2400 BCE[45] | Peru,Bolivia | meat, milk, fiber, manure, guarding, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets |  | Considerable physical changes | Fairly common in the wild and in captivity | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae |
| Domestic guineafowl (Numida meleagris domesticus) | West African helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris galeatus) | 2400 BCE[46] | West Africa | meat, eggs, manure, guarding, alarming, pest control, show, pets |  | Mainly unaltered from the wild population | Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity | 2bGalliformes |
| Fuegian dog or Yaghan dog†[47] | Culpeo or Andean fox (Lycalopex culpaeus) | date uncertain[48] | Argentina,Chile | hunting, guarding, warmth, pets | .jpg) | Tame, slight physical changes | Extinct | 1cCarnivora |
| Domestic ferret (Mustela furo) | Common polecat (Mustela putorius putorius) and Mediterranean polecat (M. p. aureola) | 1500 BCE[49] | North Africa,Iberia | hunting, racing, pest control, show, pets |  | Tame, slight physical changes | Common in captivity, somewhat common in the wild, feral populations rare | 1cCarnivora |
| Domestic Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata domestica) | Wild Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata sylvestris) | 700–600 BCE[45] | South America | meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, pest control, show, pets |  | Tame, some physical changes | Common in captivity, feral populations rare | 2aAnseriformes |
| Barbary dove or ringed turtle dove (Streptopelia risoria) | African collared dove (Streptopelia roseogrisea) | 500 BCE | North Africa | meat, show, pets |  | Slight physical changes | Common in both captivity and feral populations | 2cColumbiformes |
| Domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo domesticus) | South Mexican wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo) | 180CE[45] | Mexico | meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, pest control, show, pets |  | Considerable physical changes | Common in the wild and in captivity | 2bGalliformes |
| Goldfish (Carassius auratus) | Prussian carp(Carassius gibelio) | 300 CE to 400 CE | China | racing, pest control, ornamental, show, pets |  | Tame, significant physical changes | Very common and abundant in captivity, extent of status in the wild unclear | 5aCyprinidae |
| Domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus) | Iberian rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus)[50] | 600 CE[51] | Europe | meat, fiber, pelts, manure, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, research, show, pets | .jpg) | Tame, significant physical changes | Common in captivity, rare in native habitat, common in introduced range | 1eOther mammals |
| Koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) | Amur carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) | the 11th centuryCE | Japan | ornamental, show, pets | .jpg) | Tame, considerable physical changes | Fairly common in captivity, threatened in the wild | 5aCyprinidae |
| Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) orDomesticated quail | Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) | the 11~12th centuryCE | Japan | meat, eggs, research, pets |  | considerable physical changes | Common in the wild and in captivity | 2bGalliformes |
| Domestic canary (Serinus canaria domestica) | Wild canary (Serinus canaria canaria) | the 15th centuryCE | theCanary Islands,Europe | coal mining, fighting, research, show, pets |  | Slight physical changes | Common in the wild and in captivity | 2dPasseriformes |
| Society finch or Bengalese finch (Lonchura striata domestica) | White-rumped munia or striated finch (Lonchura striata swinhoei) with some contribution from theIndian silverbill or white-throated munia (Euodice malabarica) | unknown, may have been introduced to Japan sometime around the early 18th centuryCE[52] | Japan | pets, show, research |  | Slight physical changes | Fairly common in captivity; common in the wild | 2dPasseriformes |
| Fancy mouse orlaboratory mouse (Mus musculus domestica) | Western European house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus),Japanese house mouse (Mus musculus molossinus) | 1100 BCE (China), then the 17th centuryCE (Europe),[53] the 18th Century (Japan) | China,Europe,Japan | animal feed, racing, research, show, pets |  | Tame, significant physical changes | Common in the wild and in captivity | 1dRodentia |
| Fancy rat orlaboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus domestica) | Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) | the 19th centuryCE[54] | theUnited Kingdom | animal feed, research, show, pets |  | Tame, some physical and psychological changes | Common in the wild and in captivity | 1dRodentia |
| Domestic mink (Neogale vison domesticus)[55] | Eastern mink (Neogale vison vison), Kenai mink (N. v. melampeplus) and Alaskan mink (N. v. ingens) | Early 1860s | Cassadaga Lakes, New York | fur, hunting, pest control, pets | _(cropped).jpg) | Some physical and psychological changes | Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity | 1cCarnivora |
| Domesticated silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) | Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) | late 19th century to 20th centuryCE | Prince Edward Island/Soviet Union (Russia)[56] | fur, pelts, research, pets |  | Tame, some physical changes | Very small domestic population, wild relatives fairly common | 1cCarnivora |
Due to the somewhat unclear outlines of what precisely constitutesdomestication, there are some species that may or may not be fully domesticated. There are also some species that are extensively commercially used by humans, but are not significantly altered from wild-type animals. Many animals on this second table are at least somewhat altered from wild-type animals due to their extensive interactions with humans, albeit not to the point that they are regarded as distinct forms (therefore, no separate wild ancestors are noted) or would be unable to survive if reintroduced to the wild.
| Species and subspecies | Date | Location of origin | Purpose | Image | Changes from wild ancestor/ Notes | Extent in the wild vs. captivity | Taxon group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) including subspeciesSri Lankan (E. m. maximus),Indian (E. m. indicus),Sumatran (E. m. sumatranus),Bornean (E. m. borneensis) and formerlySyrian elephants (E. m. asurus)†[57][58][59] | 2000 BCE(uncertain forE. m. maximus,E. m. sumatranus,E. m. borneensis andE. m. asurus)† | India,Sri Lanka,Sumatra,Nepal,Borneo,China,Indochina, formerlyIran | dung, working, hunting, fighting, racing, transportation, mount, patrol, worship, show |  | Individuals taken from the wild and tamed on a wide scale | Syrian subspecies extinct in the wild and in captivity; other subspecies somewhat common in captivity, but endangered in the wild[60][61] | 1eOther mammals |
| Domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus domesticus) | 3000 BCE | Fennoscandia, WesternRussia (possibly Eastern Russia),[62] China,Mongolia | meat, milk, leather, hides, antlers, transportation, mount, pets |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| Common (Struthio camelus) andSomali ostriches (S. molybdophanes) | date uncertain | Africa,Mesopotamia | meat, eggs, feathers, sacrifices |  | 2fPalaeognathae | ||
| Scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) | 2320–2150 BCE | Egypt | meat, hides, horns, sacrifices |  | Small captive population, but nearly extinct in the wild | 1bBovidae | |
| Four-toed (Atelerix albiventris),Algerian (A. algirus),long-eared (Hemiechinus auritus) andIndian long-eared hedgehog (H. collaris) | the 1980s | Central andEastern Africa | pets |  | Slight physical changes | Common in the wild, somewhat rare in captivity | 1eOther mammals |
| Caracal (Caracal caracal)[63] | date uncertain, possibly 200 BCE | Egypt,India,Southern Africa | hunting, pest control, pets | %2c_Paris%2c_d%25C3%25A9cembre_2013.jpg) | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) including subspeciesSoutheast African (A. j. jubatus),Northeast African (A. j. soemmeringii) andAsiatic cheetahs (A. j. venaticus)[64][65] | 1500 BCE | Egypt,India, theMiddle East,South Africa | hunting, tourism, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Bubal hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus)† | date uncertain | Egypt | meat, hides, horns, sacrifices |  | Historically farmed | Extinct in the wild and in captivity | 1bBovidae |
| Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata) | pre-modern China (date uncertain) | China | pest control, ornamental, pets |  | 2aAnseriformes | ||
| Egyptian goose (Alopochen aegyptiacus) | date uncertain | Egypt | meat, eggs, feathers, guarding, ornamental, pets |  | Common in the wild and in captivity, feral populations very common | 2aAnseriformes | |
| Leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis)[66] | 5000 BCE | China | pest control, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Common genet (Genetta genetta)[67] | date uncertain | Africa | pest control, pets | .JPG) | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Eastern honey bee (Apis cerana) including subspeciesChinese (A. c. cerana),Indian (A. c. indica) andJapanese honey bees (A. c. japonica) | date uncertain | South Asia,Thailand,Japan,China | honey, wax, pollination |  | 6aHymenoptera | ||
| European fallow (Dama dama) andPersian fallow deer (D. mesopotamica)[68] | 1000 BCE | theMediterranean Basin, theLevant | meat, hides, antlers, pets |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis)[69][70] | 800 BCE | Europe,Asia | bloodletting, surgery, therapy, research, saliva, pets |  | Captive-bred | 7bAnnelida | |
| Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) | 700–500 BCE[45] | Chile,Peru,Mexico | dye | _04_ies.jpg) | Very common in the wild | 6dOther insects | |
| Indian (Pavo cristatus) andgreen peafowl (P. muticus) | 500 BCE(uncertain forP. muticus) | India,Java | meat, feathers, ornamental, guarding, pest control, pets |  | Fairly common in the wild | 2bGalliformes | |
| Common hill myna (Gracula religiosa) | kept inancient Greece, date of captive breeding uncertain | Greece | pets, talking bird |  | 2dPasseriformes | ||
| Rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri) including subspeciesAfrican (P. k. krameri) andIndian rose-ringed parakeets (P. k. manillensis);Alexandrine Parakeets (P. eupatria) | classical antiquity (date uncertain) | West Africa,India | pets, talking bird |  | Captive-bred,plumage colour changes | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Red deer (Cervus elaphus)[71][72] including subspeciesCaspian (C. e. maral),Norwegian (C. e. atlanticus) andScottish red deer (C. e. scoticus) | ~1 CE | China,Russia,Europe (including theUnited Kingdom),Iran | meat, milk, leather, hides, antlers, velvet, pets |  | Captive-bred | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | |
| Roman snail (Helix pomatia) | 100 CE | Europe | meat, eggs, shells, slime, pets |  | Captive-bred | 7aMollusca | |
| Stingless bees (Melipona beecheii), (M. scutellaris), (M. bicolor), (M. quadrifasciata) and (M. subnitida) | 180 CE | Mexico, theAmazon Basin | honey, wax, propolis, pollination, pets |  | 6aHymenoptera | ||
| White (Cacatua alba),sulphur-crested (C. galerita),Salmon-crested (C. moluccensis),blue-eyed (C. ophthalmica), andRed-vented cockatoos (C. haematuropygia);long-billed (C. tenuirostris),western (C. pastinator),little (C. sanguinea) andTanimbar corellas (C. goffiniana) | theTang dynasty (618–907 CE)(C. alba) | China,Australia,Indonesia,New Guinea | pets, show |  | Captive-bred | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Great (Phalacrocorax carbo) andJapanese cormorants (P. capillatus) | 960 CE | China,Japan | fishing |  | 2hOther birds | ||
| Mute swan (Cygnus olor) | 1000-1500 CE | Europe (including theUnited Kingdom) | meat, feathers, ornamental, guarding, pets |  | 2aAnseriformes | ||
| House cricket (Acheta domesticus) | the 12th century CE | Southwestern Asia,China,Japan | meat, animal feed, fighting, pets |  | Somewhat common in captivity, very common in the wild | 6dOther insects | |
| Common quail (Coturnix coturnix) | 1100–1900 CE | Eurasia | meat, eggs, research, pets |  | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | 1200–1500 CE | Europe,Asia | meat, eggs, pets |  | 5aCyprinidae | ||
| Java sparrow (Lonchura oryzivora) | theMing dynasty (1368–1644 CE) | China | pets |  | Non-wild coloration pied and fancy colored Java sparrows from long Asian captivity lines are hand tamable | Threatened in the wild | 2dPasseriformes |
| Siamese fighting fish or betta (Betta splendens);Spotted betta (B. picta) | the 19th centuryCE(uncertain forB. picta) | Thailand,Malaysia,Borneo | fighting, show, pets |  | Very significant physical and slight behavioral changes | Common in captivity | 5cAnabantiformes |
| Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) including subspecies masked bobwhite (C. v. ridgwayi) | date uncertain | theUnited States,Sonora | meat, eggs, feathers, pets |  | Captive-bred, plumage changes | 2bGalliformes | |
| European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) | date uncertain | Europe | pets, singing |  | Captive-bred | 2dPasseriformes | |
| Indian grey mongoose (Urva edwardsii) | date uncertain | India | pest control, fighting, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Golden (Chrysolophus pictus) andLady Amherst's pheasants (C. amherstiae) | date uncertain | China | ornamental, pest control, pets |  | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Cassowary (Casuarius spp.),[32] especiallyCasuarius casuarius[73] | date uncertain | Papua New Guinea | meat, feathers, bones, toenails, ritual, status symbol |  | Not fully domesticated; longstanding village-based rearing, traditionally wild-caught chicks reared by hand | Still relatively abundant in the wild but declining; captive rearing occurs in some highland villages | 2fPalaeognathae |
| Common (Phasianus colchicus) andgreen pheasants (P. versicolor) | date uncertain | Asia,Japan | meat, eggs, ornamental, pest control, pets |  | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Sika deer (Cervus nippon)[74] | date uncertain | China,Taiwan,Japan | meat, hides, antlers, tourism, pets |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| Common (Taurotragus oryx) andGiant eland (T. derbianus) | date uncertain | Zimbabwe,South Africa,Kenya | meat, milk, leather, hides, horns |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)[75] | date uncertain | thesoutheastern United States | meat, hides, teeth, blood, pets |  | Captive-bred | Once uncommon in the wild; captive breeding has led to the species both recovering across and repopulating much of its range. | 3dOther reptiles |
| Eurasian elk ormoose (Alces alces)[76] including subspeciesAlaskan moose (A. a. gigas) | date uncertain | Russia,Finland,Sweden,Alaska | meat, milk, hides, antlers, working, draft, mount, transportation, research, pets |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) | the 1850s | Australia | pets, show, talking bird |  | Captive-bred,plumage colour/pattern changes, some breeds are physically larger | Fairly common in the wild and in captivity | 2ePsittaciformes |
| Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) | the 1870s | Australia | pets, show, talking bird |  | Captive-bred,plumage colour/pattern changes | Common in the wild and in captivity | 2ePsittaciformes |
| Elk or wapiti (Cervus canadensis) | date uncertain | North America,Russia,China | meat, leather, hides, antlers, velvet, pets |  | Captive-bred | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | |
| European mink (Mustela lutreola) | the 1800s | Europe,Russia | fur |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Coypu or nutria (Myocastor coypus) | the late 19th to the early 20th century CE | Argentina | meat, fur, aquatic weed control, pets |  | Captive-bred | 1dRodentia | |
| Guppy (Poecilia reticulata);[77]Cauca (P. caucana),sailfin (P. latipinna),shortfin (P. mexicana),liberty (P. salvatoris),common (P. sphenops), andYucatán mollies (P. velifera);Endler's livebearer (P. wingei) | date uncertain | Barbados,Brazil,El Salvador,Guyana,Mexico,Venezuela | bait, pest control, research, pets |  | 5eOther fish | ||
| Lesser fruit fly, vinegar fly or pomace fly (Drosophila melanogaster) | the 1910s | Australia,South Africa | research, animal feed | .jpg) | Captive-bred,some varieties flightless | 6dOther insects | |
| Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) | the 1920s | China | research, biotechnology, pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Rosy-faced (Agapornis roseicollis),yellow-collared (A. personatus), andFischer's lovebirds (A. fischeri) | the 1920s(uncertain forA. personatus,A. fischeri) | Africa,Madagascar | pets |  | Captive-bred,plumage colour/pattern changes in rosy-faced lovebird | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Rainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae; various species and subspecies) | the 1920s | northern andeasternAustralia,New Guinea, islands inCenderawasih Bay and theRaja Ampat Islands inIndonesia | pest control, pets |  | 5eOther fish | ||
| Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) | the 1930s | Syria,Turkey | pets, research |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Turkish hamster (Mesocricetus brandti) | the 20th century CE | Armenia,Azerbaijan,Georgia,Iran,Russia,Turkey | pets, research |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Long-tailed chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) | the 1930s | theAndes | fur, research, pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Short-tailed chinchilla (Chinchilla chinchilla) | the 1930s | theAndes | fur |  | Raised in captivity | Critically endangered in the wild | 1dRodentia |
| Water flea (Daphnia magna) | the 1930s | North America,Eurasia,Africa | research, animal feed |  | 6eOther arthropods | ||
| African (Xenopus laevis) andwestern clawed frogs (X. tropicalis) | the 1950s(uncertain forX. tropicalis) | Southern Africa,West Africa | research, pets |  | Captive-bred | 4aAnura | |
| Sea-monkey (Artemia nyos) | the 1950s | theUnited States | pets, research |  | Captive-bred | 6eOther arthropods | |
| Ball (Python regius),Borneo (P. breitensteini),Sumatran short-tailed (P. curtus) andBrongersma's short-tailed pythons (P. brongersmai) | the 1960s(uncertain forP. breitensteini,P. curtus andP. brongersmai) | Africa,Sumatra,Borneo,Malaysia | pets |  | Captive-bred | 3aSerpentes | |
| Burmese python (Python bivittatus) including subspeciesdwarf Burmese python (P. b. progschai)[78][79] | date uncertain | Myanmar,Thailand,Bali,Java,Sulawesi | meat, skins, medicine, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3aSerpentes | |
| Campbell's (Phodopus campbelli),winter white (P. sungorus) andRoborovski dwarf hamsters (P. roborovskii) | the 1960s | Mongolia,Russia,China | pets, research |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum);tiger (A. tigrinum) andbarred tiger salamanders (A. mavortium) | the 20th century CE(uncertain forA. tigrinum andA. mavortium) | Mexico, theUnited States | research, pets |  | Slight physical changes | A. mexicanum Critically endangered in the wild;A. tigrinum andA. mavortium less threatened | 4bOther amphibians |
| Common leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius) | the 20th century CE(uncertain forE. m. afghanicus) | Pakistan,Afghanistan | pets |  | Slight physical changes | Somewhat common in captivity | 3bLacertilia |
| American bison (Bison bison) including subspecieswood bison (B. b. athabascae) | the 20th century CE(uncertain forB. b. athabascae) | North America | meat, leather, hides, fiber, horns, guarding, pets |  | Over 90% of bison are inprivately-owned commercial herds | 1bBovidae | |
| Companion parrots (Psittaciformes; various species and subspecies)[80][81] | the 1980s and 1990s | Australia,Africa,Asia,North America,Central America,South America,New Zealand,Papua New Guinea,New Caledonia,Fiji | pets, show, talking bird, ornamental, guarding, education, therapy |  | Captive-bred, plumage colour changes in some species (e.g.grey parrot,turquoise-fronted amazon,green-cheeked parakeet and others) | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Poison dart frogs (Dendrobatidae spp.) | the mid- to late 20th century CE | Guyana,Suriname,Brazil,French Guiana,Nicaragua,Costa Rica,Panama,Colombia,Venezuela | pets |  | Slight physical changes; loss of toxicity | 4aAnura | |
| Common (Lampropeltis getula),grey-banded (L. alterna), andThayer's kingsnakes (L. mexicana thayeri);Milk snake (L. triangulum) | date uncertain | Arizona,Florida,Mexico,California | pets |  | 3aSerpentes | ||
| Corn (Pantherophis guttatus) andwestern rat snakes (P. obsoletus) | the 1960s(uncertain forP. obsoletus) | theUnited States | pets |  | Slight physical changes | Somewhat common in captivity, common in the wild | 3aSerpentes |
| Madagascar (Gromphadorhina portentosa) andwide-horned hissing cockroaches (G. oblongonota) | the 1960s(uncertain forG. oblongonota) | Madagascar | pets |  | Captive-bred | 6cBlattodea | |
| Central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) and related species | the 1970s | Australia | pets | .jpg) | Slight physical changes | 3bLacertilia | |
| Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)[82] | the 1970s | China | meat, algae control |  | 5aCyprinidae | ||
| Sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps)[83] | the 1980s | Australia | pest control, pets |  | 1eOther mammals | ||
| Buff-tailed (Bombus terrestris) andcommon eastern bumblebees (B. impatiens) | the 1980s(uncertain forB. impatiens) | Europe (including theUnited Kingdom),North America | wax, pollination |  | 6aHymenoptera | ||
| Gambian (Cricetomys gambianus) andEmin's pouched rats (C. emini) | at least 1997,[84] but possibly the early 1990s(uncertain forC. emini) | Sub-Saharan Africa | meat, landmine detection, tuberculosis detection, pest control, pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Greater or Ñandú (Rhea americana) andDarwin's rheas (R. pennata)[85][73] | the 1990s(uncertain forR. pennata) | South America | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, pets |  | 2fPalaeognathae | ||
| Australian emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae novaehollandiae) | the 1990s | Australia | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, guarding, pets |  | 2fPalaeognathae | ||
| Fringe-eared oryx (Oryx beisa callotis) | date uncertain | Kenya | meat, leather, hides, horns |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| Common degu (Octodon degus) | the 1990s | theChileanAndes | pets, research |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus);Persian (M. persicus),Libyan (M. libycus),Shaw's (M. shawi),Tristram's (M. tristrami) andSundevall's jirds (M. crassus) | the 1990s(uncertain forM. persicus,M. libycus,M. shawi,M. tristrami andM. crassus) | Mongolia,Algeria,Iran,Libya,Turkey,Egypt | pets, research |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Green (Iguana iguana) andLesser Antillean iguanas (I. delicatissima) | the 1990s(uncertain forI. delicatissima) | South America, theLesser Antilles | meat, leather, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3bLacertilia | |
| Carpet python (Morelia spilota) including subspeciesdiamond python (M. s. spilota);eastern (M. s. mcdowelli),Murray Darling (M. s. metcalfei),Torresian (M. s. variegata) andjungle carpet pythons (M. s. cheynei) | date uncertain | Indonesia,Australia,New Guinea | pets |  | Captive-bred | 3aSerpentes | |
| Southern green tree (Morelia viridis),southwestern carpet (M. imbricata),rough-scaled (M. carinata) andBredl's pythons (M. bredli) | the mid-1990s(uncertain forM. carinata andM. bredli) | Indonesia,Australia,New Guinea | pets |  | Captive-bred | 3aSerpentes | |
| Red-tailed(Calyptorhynchus banksii),yellow-tailed (C. funereus) andglossy black cockatoos (C. lathami) | the late 1990s(uncertain forC. funereus andC. lathami) | Australia | pets, education |  | Captive-bred | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Gouldian finch (Chloebia gouldiae) | the late 1990s | Australia | pets, show |  | 2dPasseriformes | ||
| Australian green (Ranoidea caerulea),orange-eyed (R. chloris),leaf green (R. phyllochroa),mountain stream (R. barringtonensis),magnificent (R. splendida),Blue Mountains (R. citropa) anddainty green tree frogs (R. gracilenta);growling grass frog (R. raniformis) | the late 20th century CE(uncertain forR. chloris,R. phyllochroa,R. barringtonensis,R. splendida,R. citropa,R. gracilenta andR. raniformis) | Australia | research, pets |  | Captive-bred | 4aAnura | |
| Argentine (Ceratophrys ornata),Brazilian (C. aurita),Venezuelan (C. calcarata),Surinam (C. cornuta),Caatinga (C. joazeirensis),Pacific (C. stolzmanni) andCranwell's horned frogs (C. cranwelli) | the late 20th century CE(uncertain forC. aurita,C. calcarata,C. cornuta,C. joazeirensis,C. stolzmanni andC. cranwelli) | Argentina,Brazil,Venezuela,Suriname,Ecuador | pets | 1.JPG) | Captive-bred | 4aAnura | |
| Crucian (Carassius carassius),Japanese white crucian (C. cuvieri) andPrussian carp (C. gibelio);ginbuna (C. langdorfii)[86] | the 2000s(uncertain forC. cuvieri,C. gibelio andC. langdorfii) | England,Russia,Japan | meat, research, pets |  | 5aCyprinidae | ||
| King quail (Synoicus chinensis) | date uncertain | Asia,Australia | pets | .jpg) | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Common (Corvus corax),white-necked (C. albicollis) andAustralian ravens (C. coronoides);carrion (C. corone),hooded (C. cornix),American (C. brachyrhynchos),pied (C. albus) andhouse crows (C. splendens);rook (C. frugilegus)[87][88][89][90][91][92][93] | date uncertain | Europe,Africa,India,Australia,North America | pest control, research, show, pets |  | 2dPasseriformes | ||
| Oriental darter (Anhinga melanogaster)[94] | date uncertain | India | fishing | _21-Mar-2007_6-10-09_AM.JPG) | 2hOther birds | ||
| Southern (Chauna torquata) andnorthern screamers (C. chavaria) | date uncertain | South America | guarding | .JPG) | 2aAnseriformes | ||
| Horned screamer (Anhima cornuta)[95] | date uncertain | South America | guarding |  | 2aAnseriformes | ||
| Red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata) | date uncertain | South America | guarding |  | 2hOther birds | ||
| Golden (Aquila chrysaetos),[96]eastern imperial (A. heliaca),Spanish imperial (A. adalberti),wedge-tailed (A. audax),steppe (A. nipalensis),tawny (A. rapax),Bonelli's (A. fasciata) andVerreaux's eagles (A. verreauxii);African hawk-eagle (A. spilogaster) | date uncertain | Europe,North America,Kazakhstan,Mongolia,Africa,Australia | falconry, intercepting, pest control, show, pets |  | 2gAccipitridae | ||
| Bald (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)[97][98] andwhite-tailed eagles (H. albicilla);African fish eagle (H. vocifer);white-bellied sea (H. leucogaster) andSteller's sea eagles (H. pelagicus) | date uncertain | North America,Europe,Russia,Africa,Australia | falconry, intercepting, pest control, show, pets |  | 2gAccipitridae | ||
| Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi)[99] | date uncertain | theUnited States | falconry, pest control, show, pets | .jpg) | 2gAccipitridae | ||
| Eurasian (Astur gentilis),[100]American (As. atricapillus),crested (Lophospiza trivirgata) andAfrican goshawks (Aerospiza tachiro);Cooper's (As. cooperii) andsharp-shinned hawks (Accipiter striatus);Eurasian (Ac. nisus),Ovambo (Ac. ovampensis),collared (T. cirrocephala),Japanese (T. gularis) andblack sparrowhawks (As. melanoleucus);besra (T. virgata);shikra (T. badia); (all previously placed in theAccipiter genus) | date uncertain | Europe,Asia,Africa,North America | falconry, pest control, show, pets |  | 2gAccipitridae | ||
| Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus),Kestrel (F. sparverius),Peregrine (F. peregrinus),Saker (F. cherrug) and otherfalcons | 2000 BC | Mesopotamia | falconry, pest control |  | Captive-bred and tamed wild-caught, sometimes hybridized | 2hOther birds | |
| Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo)[101] including subspeciesWestern Siberian (B. b. sibiricus),Eastern Siberian (B. b. yenisseensis) andTurkmenian eagle-owls (B. b. omissus) | date uncertain | Europe,Russia,Turkmenistan | pest control, show, pets |  | 2hOther birds | ||
| Tawny owl (Strix aluco)[102] | date uncertain | Europe (including theUnited Kingdom) | pest control, show, pets |  | 2hOther birds | ||
| Puna ibis (Plegadis ridgwayi) | date uncertain | Peru | meat, eggs, pest control |  | 2hOther birds | ||
| Celebes warty pig (Sus celebensis)[103] | date uncertain | Sulawesi | meat, tusks, pets |  | Historically farmed | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | |
| Red-necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus),[104] | the 2000s | Tasmania,South Australia,Western Australia,New South Wales | lawn mowing, research, tourism, pets |  | 1eOther mammals | ||
| Red kangaroo (Osphranter rufus)[105] | date uncertain | Australia | meat, leather, tourism, pets |  | 1eOther mammals | ||
| Tiger (Dasyurus maculatus),eastern (D. viverrinus),western (D. geoffroii) andnorthern quolls (D. hallucatus)[106][107][108][109] | date uncertain | Australia | pest control, pets |  | 1eOther mammals | ||
| Smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata)[110] | date uncertain | Bangladesh | fishing, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Beech marten (Martes foina)[111][112] andsable (M. zibellina) | date uncertain | Europe,Russia,India | fur, pest control, pets | .jpg) | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Fisher or Pennant's marten (Pekania pennanti) | date uncertain | North America | fur, pest control, research, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Least (Mustela nivalis),Siberian (M. sibirica)[113] andyellow-bellied weasels (M. kathiah);European polecat (M. putorius)[114][115] | date uncertain | Europe,Russia,India | pest control, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Lesser grison (Galictis cuja) | date uncertain | South America | hunting, pest control, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Patagonian weasel (Lyncodon patagonicus) | date uncertain | Argentina,Chile | pest control, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Common raccoon (Procyon lotor)[116] | date uncertain | North America | pest control, show, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Ringtail (Bassariscus astutus)[117] | date uncertain | North America,Central America | pest control, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Mountain paca (Cuniculus taczanowskii) | date uncertain | Mexico,Argentina,Ecuador | meat, pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Malayan (Hystrix brachyura),[118]Sunda (H. javanica),Indian crested (H. indica),African crested (H. cristata),Cape (H. africaeaustralis) andPhilippine porcupines (H. pumila) | date uncertain | Vietnam,China,Indonesia, thePhilippines,India,Africa | meat, quills, pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Steppe lemming (Lagurus lagurus) | date uncertain | theEurasian steppe | pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Lesser Egyptian (Gerbillus gerbillus),greater Egyptian (G. pyramidum),pale (G. perpallidus) andpleasant gerbils (G. amoenus) | date uncertain | Egypt,Libya | pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Eurasian harvest mouse (Micromys minutus)[119] | date uncertain | Europe | pest control, pets |  | 1dRodentia | ||
| Chinese cobra (Naja atra)[120] | date uncertain | China | venom, skins, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3aSerpentes | |
| Crimson rosella (Platycercus elegans) including subspeciesAdelaide (P. e. adelaidae) andyellow rosellas (P. e. flaveolus) | date uncertain | Australia | pets |  | Captive-bred | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Western (Platycercus icterotis),green (P. caledonicus),pale-headed (P. adscitus) andnorthern rosellas (P. venustus) | date uncertain | Australia | pets |  | Captive-bred | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Eastern rosella (Platycercus eximius) including subspeciesgolden-mantled rosella (P. e. elecica) | date uncertain | Australia | pets | .jpg) | Captive-bred | 2ePsittaciformes | |
| Jenday conure (Aratinga jandaya)[121] | date uncertain | Brazil |  | Captive-bred | 2ePsittaciformes | ||
| Hispaniolan (Trachemys decorata),Colombian (T. callirostris),Cuban (T. decussata),D'Orbigny's (T. dorbigni),Nicaraguan (T. emolli),ornate (T. ornata),Jamaican (T. terrapen) andMeso-American sliders (T. venusta) | date uncertain | Hispaniola (Haiti and theDominican Republic),Colombia,Cuba,Brazil,Uruguay,Nicaragua,Costa Rica,Mexico,Jamaica | pets |  | Captive-bred | 3cTestudines | |
| Pond slider (Trachemys scripta) including subspeciesyellow-bellied (T. s. scripta),red-eared (T. s. elegans) andCumberland sliders (T. s. troostii) | date uncertain | the south-central andsoutheastern United States | meat, pets |  | Easy to tame | Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild | 3cTestudines |
| Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)[122] | date uncertain | China | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3cTestudines | |
| Chinese pond (Mauremys reevesii) andyellow pond turtles (M. mutica)[123] | date uncertain | China | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3cTestudines | |
| Common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina)[124] | date uncertain | Florida | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3cTestudines | |
| Keeled box (Cuora mouhotii)[125] andGolden coin turtles (C. trifasciata) | date uncertain | China | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3cTestudines | |
| Wattle-necked softshell turtle (Palea steindachneri) | date uncertain | China | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3cTestudines | |
| Arrau turtle (Podocnemis expansa)[126] | date uncertain | Brazil | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3cTestudines | |
| Saltwater (Crocodylus porosus),Nile (C. niloticus),West African (C. suchus),mugger (C. palustris),American (C. acutus),Cuban (C. rhombifer),Morelet's (C. moreletii),Orinoco (C. intermedius),freshwater (C. johnsoni),Siamese (C. siamensis),Philippine (C. mindorensis) andNew Guinea crocodiles (C. novaeguineae)[127][128][129][130][131][132] | date uncertain | Florida,Cuba,Mexico,Colombia,Venezuela,Peru,Africa,Iran,India,Thailand,Myanmar,Sumatra,Borneo, thePhilippines,Australia,Papua New Guinea | meat, hides, teeth, blood, fat, guarding, tourism, show, pets |  | Captive-bred | 3dOther reptiles | |
| Crimson (Neochmia phaeton) andred-browed finches (N. temporalis) | date uncertain | New Guinea,Australia | pets, show |  | 2dPasseriformes | ||
| Star finch (Bathilda ruficauda) | date uncertain | Australia | pets, show |  | 2dPasseriformes | ||
| Grey partridge (Perdix perdix) | date uncertain | Hungary, theUnited Kingdom | meat, eggs, feathers, pets | .jpg) | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Red-legged (Alectoris rufa),chukar (A. chukar),Philby's (A. philbyi),Arabian (A. melanocephala) andBarbary partridges (A. barbara) | date uncertain | France,Afghanistan,North Africa,Yemen,Oman | meat, eggs, feathers, pets |  | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Chinese bamboo partridge (Bambusicola thoracicus) | date uncertain | China,India | meat, eggs, feathers, pets |  | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Himalayan monal (Lophophorus impejanus) | date uncertain | Nepal | meat, eggs, feathers, ornamental, pets |  | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Scaled (Callipepla squamata),elegant (C. douglasii),Gambel's (C. gambelii) andCalifornia quails (C. californica)[133] | date uncertain | Mexico,Utah,California | meat, eggs, feathers, pets | _(20164244389).jpg) | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Montezuma quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae) | date uncertain | Mexico | meat, eggs, feathers, pets | .jpg) | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Vulturine guineafowl (Acryllium vulturinum) | date uncertain | Ethiopia | meat, pest control, pets |  | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Harlequin (Coturnix delegorguei),rain (C. coromandelica) andstubble quails (C. pectoralis) | date uncertain | Africa,India,Australia | meat, eggs, feathers, pets | _(6035291347).jpg) | 2bGalliformes | ||
| Edible-nest swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus)[134] | date uncertain | Indonesia,Malaysia,Thailand, thePhilippines,Singapore | nests |  | 2hOther birds | ||
| Tarantulas (Theraphosidae, various species and subspecies)[135] | date uncertain | North America,Central America,South America,Europe,Africa,Asia,Australia,Papua New Guinea | research, venom, pets |  | Captive-bred | Common in captivity, becoming rare in the wild | 6eOther arthropods |
| Crested (Correlophus ciliatus) andsuras geckos (C. sarasinorum) | date uncertain | New Caledonia | pets |  | Captive-bred | Somewhat common in captivity, nearly extinct in the wild | 3bLacertilia |
| Roan (Hippotragus equinus)[136] andsable antelopes (H. niger)[137] | date uncertain | South Africa | meat, horns | _adult_male.jpg) | 1bBovidae | ||
| Greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros),[138]nyala (T. angasii),[139] andCape bushbuck (T. sylvaticus) | date uncertain | South Africa | meat, hides, horns, pets |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| Blue (Connochaetes taurinus)[140] andblack wildebeest (C. gnou)[141] | date uncertain | South Africa,Kenya | meat, leather, hides, horns, pets | _(6451904975).jpg) | 1bBovidae | ||
| Bontebok (Damaliscus pygargus pygargus) including subspeciesblesbok (D. p. phillipsi)[142] | date uncertain | South Africa | meat, hides, horns |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) | date uncertain | India,Pakistan | meat, hides, horns, pets |  | Historically farmed | 1bBovidae | |
| Scaly-breasted munia (Lonchura punctulata) | date uncertain | Southeast Asia | pets, research | .jpg) | Slight physical changes | Fairly common in the wild and in captivity | 2dPasseriformes |
| Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) | date uncertain | India,Pakistan | meat, hides, horns, pets |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| Springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis)[143] | date uncertain | South Africa | meat, hides, horns, pets |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia)[144] | date uncertain | North Africa | meat, horns |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)[145][146] | date uncertain | South Africa | meat, leather, horns |  | 1bBovidae | ||
| Collared peccary (Dicotyles tajacu)[147] | date uncertain | Brazil | meat, pets |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| Thorold's deer (Cervus albirostris)[148] | date uncertain | China | meat, antlers |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| White-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus)[149] andmule deer (O. hemionus) | date uncertain | Virginia,West Virginia,Florida,Montana,Canada,Colombia | meat, hides, antlers, pets |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| Dwarf (Moschus berezovskii),alpine (M. chrysogaster),white-bellied (M. leucogaster) andSiberian musk deer (M. moschiferus)[150][151][152] | date uncertain | China,India,Russia | meat, hides, tusks, musk |  | 1aArtiodactyla exceptBovidae | ||
| Spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)[153][154][155][156] | date uncertain | South Africa,Ethiopia,Nigeria | hunting, guarding, waste management, tourism, show, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Fennec fox (Vulpes zerda)[157] | date uncertain | North Africa | pest control, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Grey (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) andisland foxes (U. littoralis)[158] | date uncertain | theeastern United States, theChannel Islands, California | pelts, pest control, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Meerkat or suricate (Suricata suricatta)[159][160] | date uncertain | South Africa | pest control, research, education, therapy, tourism, show, pets |  | 1cCarnivora | ||
| Common kusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus) | date uncertain | West Africa | pets, pest control |  | Captive-bred | 1cCarnivora | |
| Kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii) | date uncertain | Thailand,Indonesia | meat, pets |  | 5cAnabantiformes | ||
| Giant (Osphronemus goramy),[161][162]giant red tail (O. laticlavius) andelephant ear gouramis (O. exodon) | date uncertain | Southeast Asia | meat, weed control, pets | .png) | Captive-bred | 5cAnabantiformes | |
| Red-bellied (Pygocentrus nattereri),piraya (P. piraya) andblack spot piranha (P. cariba) | date uncertain | South America | meat, teeth, research, pets | .jpg) | Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild | 5eOther fish | |
| Atlantic bluefin (Thunnus thynnus),Pacific bluefin (T. orientalis),southern bluefin (T. maccoyii),yellowfin (T. albacares) andbigeye tunas (T. obesus);albacore or longfin tuna (T. alalunga)[163][164] | date uncertain | Europe,East Asia,Australia,Hawaii,North America | meat, eggs |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| European sea (Acipenser sturio),white (A. transmontanus),shortnose (A. brevirostrum),Persian (A. persicus),Siberian (A. baerii),Adriatic (A. naccarii) andstarry sturgeons (A. stellatus)[165][166][167][168] | date uncertain | Europe,Alaska,California,Canada,Iran,Russia,Albania, theAegean Sea | meat, eggs, pets | .jpg) | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Malabar (Epinephelus malabaricus),giant (E. lanceolatus),greasy (E. tauvina),areolate (E. areolatus),dusky (E. marginatus),wavy-lined (E. undulosus),six-bar (E. sexfasciatus) andorange-spotted groupers (E. coioides)[169][170][171] | date uncertain | Asia,Australia,Fiji,South Africa,Italy, theIndo-Pacific | meat |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss);Chinook (O. tshawytscha) andMasu salmon (O. masou) | date uncertain | Europe,Asia,North America | meat, eggs | _(cropped).jpg) | Captive-bred | 5dSalmonidae | |
| Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) andbrown trout (S. trutta) | date uncertain | Europe (including theUnited Kingdom),Alaska,Canada,Chile,Russia,Australia,Tasmania | meat, eggs |  | Captive-bred | 5dSalmonidae | |
| Barramundi (Lates calcarifer),[172]Japanese lates (L. japonicus) andNile perch (L. niloticus)[173] | date uncertain | theUnited Kingdom,Poland, theUnited States,India,Southeast Asia, theMiddle East,Australia,Japan,Africa | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 5bCarangiformes | |
| Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) | date uncertain | theUnited States,Asia,Panama,Mexico | meat |  | Captive-bred | 5bCarangiformes | |
| European bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) | date uncertain | Europe | meat |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Milkfish (Chanos chanos)[174] | date uncertain | thePhilippines,Taiwan,Indonesia | meat |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Northern pike (Esox lucius)[175] | date uncertain | Europe | meat, eggs, research, pets |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Alligator (Atractosteus spatula),Cuban (A. tristoechus) andtropical gars (A. tropicus)[176][177][178] | date uncertain | North America,Cuba,Costa Rica | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) | date uncertain | China | meat, weed control |  | 5aCyprinidae | ||
| Black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) | date uncertain | China | meat, pest control, medicine |  | 5aCyprinidae | ||
| Bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) | date uncertain | China | meat |  | 5aCyprinidae | ||
| Giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis)[179] | date uncertain | Vietnam | meat, pets |  | 5aCyprinidae | ||
| Arapaima (Arapaima gigas)[180][181] | date uncertain | theAmazon Basin | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Wels catfish (Silurus glanis)[182] | date uncertain | Europe | meat | _(13532570755).jpg) | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Iridescent shark (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) andMekong giant catfish (P. gigas)[183] | date uncertain | Southeast Asia | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus)[184] | date uncertain | California,Colorado | meat |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Green (Etroplus suratensis)[185] andorange chromides (E. maculatus);Canara pearlspot (E. canarensis) | date uncertain | India | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Northern red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus)[186] | date uncertain | theGulf of Mexico | meat, research |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Greater (Seriola dumerili),Japanese (S. quinqueradiata) andyellowtail amberjacks (S. lalandi);longfin yellowtail (S. rivoliana)[187][188] | date uncertain | theMediterranean Sea,Japan,Chile,Hawaii | meat |  | Captive-bred | 5bCarangiformes | |
| Southern (Paralichthys lethostigma) andolive flounders (P. olivaceus)[189] | the 1980s(uncertain forP. lethostigma) | theUnited States,Japan,China,Korea | meat |  | Captive-bred | 5bCarangiformes | |
| European eel (Anguilla anguilla) | date uncertain | Europe,North America | meat |  | Captive-bred[190] | 5eOther fish | |
| Sugarbag bee (Tetragonula carbonaria) andIndian stingless bee (T. iridipennis) | date uncertain | Australia,India | honey, wax, propolis, pollination |  | 6aHymenoptera | ||
| Dubia roach (Blaptica dubia) | date uncertain | Central America,South America | animal feed, pets |  | Captive-bred | 6cBlattodea | |
| Mealworm (Tenebrio molitar) andsuperworm (Zophobas morio) | date uncertain | Europe | meat, animal feed, research | .jpg) | Captive-bred | 6dOther insects | |
| Red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) | date uncertain | theUnited States | research |  | Captive-bred | 6dOther insects | |
| Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens)[191] | date uncertain | theUnited States | meat, animal feed, pollination, decomposing |  | Captive-bred | 6dOther insects | |
| Waxworms (Achroia grisella andGalleria mellonella) | date uncertain | Europe? | meat, bait, animal feed, research | .jpg) | Captive-bred | 6bLepidoptera | |
| American cockroach (Periplaneta americana)[192] | date uncertain | North America | meat, medicine, pets |  | Captive-bred | 6cBlattodea | |
| Flame jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum)[193] | date uncertain | China | meat, medicine, pets |  | Captive-bred | 7cOther animals | |
| Common (Octopus vulgaris),common Sydney (O. tetricus),big blue (O. cyanea),Mexican four-eyed (O. maya),California two-spot (O. bimaculoides),Gould's (O. mimus),long arm (O. minor),Caribbean reef (O. briareus),Caribbean dwarf (O. mercatoris) andEast Pacific red octopuses (O. rubescens)[194][195][196][197][198][199] | date uncertain | Europe,Asia,North America,Western Australia,Hawaii, theCaribbean Sea | meat, ink, research, pets |  | Captive-bred | 7aMollusca | |
| Common periwinkle (Littorina littorea) | date uncertain | Europe | meat, shells |  | Captive-bred | 7aMollusca | |
| Garden snail (Cornu aspersum) | date uncertain | Europe | meat, eggs, shells, slime, pets |  | Captive-bred | 7aMollusca | |
| Giant Ghana African snail (Achatina achatina)[200] | date uncertain | Ghana,Kenya | meat, eggs, shells, slime, pets | .jpg) | Captive-bred | 7aMollusca | |
| Giant East African (Lissachatina fulica)[201] andAfrican land snails (L. albopicta) | date uncertain | East Africa | meat, shells, slime, education, pets | .jpg) | Captive-bred | 7aMollusca | |
| Pacific (Eptatretus stoutii) andinshore hagfishes (E. burgeri)[202][203] | date uncertain | theUnited States,South Korea,Japan | meat, skins, slime |  | Captive-bred | 5eOther fish | |
| Mud crab (Scylla serrata) | date uncertain | Asia | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 6eOther arthropods | |
| Flower crab (Portunus armatus)[204][205] | date uncertain | Australia | meat |  | Captive-bred | 6eOther arthropods | |
| European (Homarus gammarus) andAmerican lobsters (H. americanus)[206][207][208] | date uncertain | Europe, theUnited States | meat |  | Captive-bred | 6eOther arthropods | |
| American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus),northern leopard (L. pipiens),pig (L. grylio), andnorthern green frogs (L. clamitans melanota) | date uncertain | North America | meat, education, research, pets |  | Captive-bred | 4aAnura | |
| Pool (Pelophylax lessonae) andmarsh frogs (P. ridibundus)[209] | date uncertain | Europe | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 4aAnura | |
| Crab-eating frog (Fejervarya cancrivora) | date uncertain | Java | meat |  | Captive-bred | 4aAnura | |
| Chinese edible frog (Hoplobatrachus rugulosus) andIndus Valley bullfrog (H. tigerinus) | date uncertain | China,Thailand | meat, pets |  | Captive-bred | 4aAnura | |
| Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) | the 14th century CE | Europe | meat, pets |  | Captured in the wild or captive-bred | Extended in the wild and in captivity | 7aMollusca |
| New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) | the 1970s | New Zealand | meat, pets | .jpg) | Captured in the wild and captive-bred | 7aMollusca | |
| Purple dye murex (Bolinus brandaris) | classical antiquity (date uncertain) | the central and westernMediterranean Sea | Tyrian purple, meat |  | Historically captive-bred | No longer farmed | 7aMollusca |
| Striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) | the 19th centuryCE[citation needed] | North America | pelts, pest control, pets |  | Tame when captive-bred, significant physical changes[citation needed] | Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity | 1cCarnivora |
The categories used in the Taxon group column are:
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