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List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan

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Map of countries and territories with Taiwanese diplomatic missions
  Republic of China (Taiwan)
  Has formal embassy
  Has unofficial representative missions
  Formerly had unofficial missions

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China, has 112diplomatic missions across the world as of December 2024[update].[a] Due to theOne-China policy held by thePeople's Republic of China on theChinese mainland, other states are only allowed to maintain relations with one of the two countries.[3] As most countries havechanged their recognition to the latter over time, only 13 of Taiwan's diplomatic missions have official status, consisting of twelve embassies and one consulate-general.[1] This makes Taiwan one of the few countries in the world that has resident embassies in all of the states with which it has formal diplomatic relations.[4]

Despite these barriers, 59United Nations members maintain relations with Taiwan on an unofficial basis.[4] In addition, Taiwan has informal relations withSomaliland, a state that isnot internationally recognized by any other country, including China.[5][6] To serve these locations and other places throughout the world, 92semi-official representative offices are utilized for matters that would otherwise be handled by embassies or consulates. Their heads are still appointed by theMinistry of Foreign Affairs, making themde facto missions.[7] Owing to pressure from the People's Republic, most of these offices cannot operate under either the country's official or common name, using the name of the capitalTaipei instead to avoid addressing Taiwan'spolitical status.[8] There have recently been two notable exceptions to this; the offices inSomaliland (opened 2020) andLithuania (2021) use "Taiwan" in their names.[9][10][7][11][12] Taiwan also maintains permanent missions to theEuropean Union and theWorld Trade Organization, with the latter under the name "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kimmen and Matsu".[13]

Taiwan has also established informal representation in China's twoSpecial Administrative Regions. InHong Kong, theTaipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong provides services similar to a consulate,[14][15] while relations toMacau are handled by theTaipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau.[16] In addition, under a mechanism established in 2010, the Taiwanese government is directly represented in negotiations with its Hong Kong counterpart by theTaiwan–Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Co-operation Council (ECCC), with the latter operating asimilar office in reciprocation.[17] Taiwan alsomaintains unofficial diplomatic exchanges with China using theStraits Exchange Foundation, but the organization does not have a physical presence in the mainland as of 2020.[18]

Diplomatic missions

[edit]

Official

[edit]
List of official diplomatic missions as of 2024[update][19][20][21]
CountryRegionCityMissionOpenedNotesRef(s)
BelizeAmericasBelize CityEmbassy [zh]1989[22]
EswatiniAfricaMbabaneEmbassy1968Also serves Mozambique[23]
 GuatemalaAmericasGuatemala CityEmbassy [ja]1935Initially consulate, promoted to legation in 1954 and embassy in 1960
[24]
HaitiAmericasPort-au-PrinceEmbassy [ja]1960Initially legation, promoted to embassy in 1965[25]
Holy SeeEuropeRome[c]Embassy1943Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1959
Also servesSovereign Military Order of Malta		[26]
 Marshall IslandsOceaniaMajuroEmbassy [zh]1998Also serves Federated States of Micronesia[27]
PalauOceaniaKororEmbassy [ja]1999[28]
ParaguayAmericasAsunciónEmbassy [ja]1959[29]
Ciudad del EsteConsulate-general [ja]1988[29]
 Saint Kitts and NevisAmericasBasseterreEmbassy1984[30]
 Saint LuciaAmericasGros IsletEmbassy2007[31]
 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesAmericasKingstownEmbassy1983[32]
 TuvaluOceaniaFunafutiEmbassy [ja]1998[33]

De facto

[edit]
List ofde facto diplomatic missions as of 2023[update][19][20][34]
CountryRegionCityMissionOpenedNotesRef(s)
 ArgentinaAmericasBuenos AiresEmbassy (de facto)1972Also serves Uruguay[35]
AustraliaOceaniaCanberraEmbassy (de facto)1988[36]
BrisbaneConsulate (de facto) [zh]2005[37]
MelbourneConsulate (de facto) [zh]1979[36]
SydneyConsulate (de facto) [zh]1979[36]
 AustriaEuropeViennaEmbassy (de facto)1972
Also serves:
[38][39]
 BahrainAsiaManamaEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1977[40]
 BelgiumEuropeBrusselsEmbassy (de facto)1976Also direct representative to the European Union[e][38]
BrazilAmericasBrasíliaEmbassy (de facto)1992[41]
São PauloConsulate (de facto) [zh]1975[41]
 BruneiAsiaBandar Seri BegawanEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1978Closed between 2006 and 2007[42]
CanadaAmericasOttawaEmbassy (de facto)1993Split from Toronto office
Also serves Saint Pierre and Miquelon		[43]
TorontoConsulate (de facto) [zh]1991[43]
VancouverConsulate (de facto) [zh]1991[44]
MontrealConsulate (de facto) [zh]2023[45]
ChileAmericasSantiagoEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1975Also serves Falkland Islands[i][46]
ChinaAsiaHong KongConsulate (de facto)1966Also serves Pakistan[j][47][15]
 MacauConsulate (de facto)
 ColombiaAmericasBogotáEmbassy (de facto)1980?Succeeded embassy
Also serves:
[48]
Czech RepublicEuropePragueEmbassy (de facto)1991Initially served Czechoslovakia[49]
DenmarkEuropeCopenhagenEmbassy (de facto)1973[50]
 EcuadorAmericasQuitoEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1977[51]
 FijiOceaniaSuvaEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1971[52]
 FinlandEuropeHelsinkiEmbassy (de facto)1990[49]
FranceEuropeParisEmbassy (de facto)1972[38]
Aix-en-ProvenceConsulate (de facto) [zh]2020[53]
GermanyEuropeBerlinEmbassy (de facto)1981[49]
FrankfurtConsulate (de facto) [zh]1980[38]
HamburgConsulate (de facto) [zh][citation needed]
MunichConsulate (de facto) [zh]1988[49]
 GreeceEuropeAthensEmbassy (de facto)1973
Also serves:
[54][55]
 HungaryEuropeBudapestEmbassy (de facto)1990[49]
IndiaAsiaNew DelhiEmbassy (de facto)1995
Also serves:
[56]
ChennaiConsulate (de facto)2012
Also serves:
[57]
MumbaiConsulate (de facto)2024[58]
IndonesiaAsiaJakartaEmbassy (de facto)1971Also serves Timor-Leste[59]
SurabayaConsulate (de facto) [zh]2015[60]
 IrelandEuropeDublinEmbassy (de facto)1988[49]
IsraelAsiaTel AvivEmbassy (de facto)1993Also serves Palestine[61]
ItalyEuropeRomeEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1990[62]
MilanConsulate (de facto) [zh]2023[63]
Ivory CoastAfricaAbidjanEmbassy (de facto)2022Previously closed in 2017[64]
JapanAsiaTokyoEmbassy (de facto)1972[65]
FukuokaConsulate (de facto) [ja]1972[65]
NahaConsulate (de facto) [ja]1958Operated bya separate organization until 2006 due to theSenkaku Islands dispute[66][67]
OsakaConsulate (de facto) [ja]1972[65]
SapporoConsulate (de facto) [ja]2009[68]
YokohamaConsulate (de facto) [ja]1972[65]
 JordanAsiaAmmanEmbassy (de facto)1977
Also serves:
[69]
South KoreaAsiaSeoulEmbassy (de facto)1993[70]
BusanConsulate (de facto) [ko]2004[70]
 KuwaitAsiaKuwait CityEmbassy (de facto)1986Also serves Qatar[r][71]
LatviaEuropeRigaEmbassy (de facto)1997Also serves Estonia[72][73]
LithuaniaEuropeVilniusEmbassy (de facto)2021[12]
MalaysiaAsiaKuala LumpurEmbassy (de facto)1974[59]
MexicoAmericasMexico CityEmbassy (de facto)1989[74]
MongoliaAsiaUlaanbaatarEmbassy (de facto)2002[75]
MyanmarAsiaYangonEmbassy (de facto)2016[76]
NetherlandsEuropeThe HagueEmbassy (de facto)1979[38]
New ZealandOceaniaWellingtonEmbassy (de facto)1991
Also serves:
[77]
AucklandConsulate (de facto) [zh]1973Also serves French Polynesia[s][78]
 NigeriaAfricaLagos[t]Embassy (de facto)1991[79]
 OmanAsiaMuscatEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1977[80]
 Papua New GuineaOceaniaPort MoresbyEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1990Also serves Solomon Islands[81]
PeruAmericasLimaEmbassy (de facto)1978Also serves Bolivia[82]
PhilippinesAsiaManilaEmbassy (de facto)1975[59]
PolandEuropeWarsawEmbassy (de facto)1992Also serves Ukraine[v] as of 25 February 2022[49]
 PortugalEuropeLisbonEmbassy (de facto)1992[49]
RussiaEuropeMoscowEmbassy (de facto)1993[83]
Saudi ArabiaAsiaRiyadhEmbassy (de facto)1990[84]
SingaporeAsiaSingaporeEmbassy (de facto)1969Also serves North Korea[59]
SlovakiaEuropeBratislavaEmbassy (de facto)2003Also serves Romania[p][85]
SomalilandAfricaHargeisaEmbassy (de facto)2020[86]
South AfricaAfricaPretoriaEmbassy (de facto)1998[87]
Cape TownConsulate (de facto)1998Also serves Namibia[87]
SpainEuropeMadridEmbassy (de facto)1973Also serves Equatorial Guinea[38]
SwedenEuropeStockholmEmbassy (de facto)1981Also serves Norway[38]
 SwitzerlandEuropeBernEmbassy (de facto) [zh]1994Moved fromLausanne office
Also serves Liechtenstein		[88]
GenevaConsulate (de facto) [zh]1997[88]
ThailandAsiaBangkokEmbassy (de facto)1980Also serves Bangladesh[q][59]
TurkeyEuropeAnkaraEmbassy (de facto)1989[89]
 United Arab EmiratesAsiaDubaiConsulate (de facto)1979
Also serves:
[90]
United KingdomEuropeLondonEmbassy (de facto)1974[38]
EdinburghConsulate (de facto) [zh]1998Also serves Isle of Man[91]
United StatesAmericasWashington, D.C.Embassy (de facto)1979[92]
AtlantaConsulate (de facto)
BostonConsulate (de facto)1982[93]
ChicagoConsulate (de facto) [zh]1979[94]
DenverConsulate (de facto) [zh]2015Moved from Kansas City office that was originally opened in 1985[95]
Hagåtña, GuamConsulate (de facto)1991Closed in 2017, reopened 2020
Also serves: Northern Mariana Islands		[96]
HonoluluConsulate (de facto)1979Also serves American Samoa and United States Minor Outlying Islands[97]
HoustonConsulate (de facto)
Los AngelesConsulate (de facto)
MiamiConsulate (de facto)1988[98][99]
New York CityConsulate (de facto) [zh]
San FranciscoConsulate (de facto)
SeattleConsulate (de facto)
VietnamAsiaHanoiEmbassy (de facto)1992Also serves Laos[100]
Ho Chi Minh CityConsulate (de facto)1992Also serves Cambodia[100]

Multilateral organizations

[edit]
List of operating diplomatic missions to multilateral organizations as of 2021[update]
OrganizationCityMissionOpenedNotesRef(s)
European UnionBrusselsRepresentative office2001Also direct representative to Belgium[e][101]
World Trade OrganizationGenevaPermanent mission2002[102]

Former

[edit]
Key
*Mission closed due to withdrawal of official diplomatic recognition
**Same as above, but an unofficial office was set up to succeed it that is still in operation
List of defunct diplomatic missions as of 2021[update]
CountryRegionCityMissionOpenedClosedNotesRef(s)
BangladeshAsiaDhakaEmbassy (de facto)20042009Reassigned torepresentative office in India[56][103]
 BelarusEuropeMinskEmbassy (de facto)19962006Reassigned to representative office in Russia[104][105]
 BeninAfricaCotonouEmbassy*1965[106]
 BoliviaAmericasLa PazEmbassy (de facto)19902009[107][108]
 BotswanaAfricaGaboroneEmbassy*1974[109]
Burkina FasoAfricaOuagadougouEmbassy*2018[110]
 CambodiaAsiaPhnom Penh"Military mission"19721975[111]
Embassy (de facto)19941997[112][113]
 Central African RepublicAfricaBanguiEmbassy*1964[114]
 ColombiaAmericasBogotáEmbassy**19471980Initially legation, promoted to embassy in 1961[48]
BarranquillaConsulate-general*19721980Initially consulate, promoted to consulate-general in 1979[48]
Consulate (de facto)19801991[48]
 Costa RicaAmericasSan JoséEmbassy*2007[115]
 DominicaAmericasRoseauEmbassy*2004[116]
Dominican RepublicAmericasSanto DomingoEmbassy*2018[117]
 EcuadorAmericasGuayaquilConsulate (de facto)19741998[51]
 El SalvadorAmericasSan SalvadorEmbassy*2018[118]
 GabonAfricaLibrevilleEmbassy*1974[119]
GambiaAfricaBanjulEmbassy*1974[120]
19962013[121][122]
 GreeceEuropeAthensEmbassy**19291972Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1947[54]
 HondurasAmericasTegucigalpaEmbassy*19572023Started as legation, promoted to consulate in 1962, then embassy in 1965[123]
San Pedro SulaConsulate-general [ja]*19972023[124]
JapanAsiaTaihokuConsulate-General[ac]19301945[125]
NagasakiConsulate19121970Japan broke off diplomatic relations with Taiwan in 1972, when two years after the closure of the consulate in Nagasaki.[126]
KiribatiOceaniaBairikiEmbassy*20042019[127][128]
LatviaEuropeRigaConsulate-general[ad]19921994[129]
 LiberiaAfricaMonroviaEmbassy*19572003Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1960[130][131][132]
 LibyaAfricaTripoliEmbassy (de facto)19801997[133]
20082011Closed due to theFirst Libyan Civil War[134][135]
 LuxembourgEuropeLuxembourgEmbassy (de facto)19752002Reassigned torepresentative mission in Belgium/EU[38][136]
North MacedoniaEuropeSkopjeEmbassy*[ae]19992001[137][138]
MacauAsiaMacauEmbassy (de facto)19451966Special commissariat[139][140]
 MadagascarAfricaAntananarivoEmbassy*19601972Formerly a consulate-general before Madagascar's independence[141]
MalawiAfricaLilongweEmbassy*2008[142]
 NauruOceaniaAiwoEmbassy*19802024Originally consulate-general, promoted to embassy in 1990, closed due to breaking off of relations between 2002-2005 and since 2024.[33][1]
 NicaraguaAmericasManaguaEmbassy*19302021Originally consulate-general, promoted to legation in 1955 and then embassy in 1965, closed due to breaking off of relations in 1985-1990 and since 2021.[143][144]
 NigerAfricaNiameyEmbassy*1974[145]
 NigeriaAfricaAbujaEmbassy (de facto)20012018Ultimately temporary relocation of Lagos office[146][147]
NorwayEuropeOsloEmbassy (de facto)19802017Reassigned torepresentative mission in Sweden[38][148]
 PanamaAmericasPanama CityEmbassy*2017[149]
ColónConsulate-general2009[150]
 RwandaAfricaKigaliEmbassy*1972[151]
PeruAmericasLimaEmbassy**19111971Continuation of Qing embassy opened in 1875[152]
Saudi ArabiaAsiaJeddahConsulate (de facto)2017Reassigned tomain office in Riyadh[148]
São Tomé and PríncipeAfricaSão ToméEmbassy*2016[153]
Solomon IslandsOceaniaHoniaraEmbassy*2019[154]
South AfricaAfricaPretoriaEmbassy*19761998Succeeded byunofficial representative office[155][87]
JohannesburgConsulate*19121998Continuation of a Qing-era consulate, succeeded by unofficial representative office[155][87]
Consulate (de facto)19982009[87][150]
Cape TownConsulate**19731998[156][87]
 SenegalAfricaDakarEmbassy*1964[157]
 SwitzerlandEuropeZürichEmbassy (de facto)19732007Merged with Bern office[88]
LausanneConsulate (de facto)19791994Moved to Bern[88]
 TogoAfricaLoméEmbassy*1972[158]
 TongaOceaniaNukuʻalofaEmbassy*1998[159]
 UruguayAmericasMontevideoEmbassy19571988[160]
Embassy (de facto)19922002Closure in 2002 intended to be temporary, no record since
Reassigned torepresentative mission in Argentina		[160][161]
United StatesAmericasWashington, D.C.Embassy**19121978Continuation of Qing legation, promoted to embassy in 1935[162][163][164]
ChicagoConsulate**19301979[94]
Kansas CityConsulate19741978[165][166]
Consulate (de facto)19852015Moved to Denver[95]
VenezuelaAmericasCaracasEmbassy (de facto)19742009[167]

Gallery

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^This figure includes 110 diplomatic posts and permanent missions, official and unofficial, outside of China as of December 2024,[1][2] and two offices in Hong Kong and Macau. TheTaipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium is counted as one mission.
  2. ^abDominican Republic is served by both the Embassy in Guatemala and the representative office in Miami, United States.
  3. ^Located outside Vatican territory in Rome, Italy, a country in which Taiwan is not recognized.
  4. ^abcdServed by both the Embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis and the representative office in United Kingdom.
  5. ^abAlthough the office in Brussels was opened in 1976, it initially served only Belgium and did not start serving the European Union as an organization until 2001.
  6. ^abcdefServed by the representative offices in Belgium, France and South Africa.
  7. ^abcCameroon is served by the representative offices in Belgium, France and Nigeria.
  8. ^abcGabon is served by both the representative office in Belgium and the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  9. ^abFalkland Islands is served by both the representative offices in Chile and United Kingdom.
  10. ^abPakistan is served by both the representative offices in Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia.
  11. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrServed by the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  12. ^abcdefServed by both the representative office in Nigeria and representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  13. ^abBurkina Faso is served by both the representative offices in France and Nigeria.
  14. ^abComoros is served by both the representative offices in France and South Africa.
  15. ^abLibya is served by both the representative offices in France and Jordan.
  16. ^abRomania is served by both the representative offices in Hungary and Slovakia.
  17. ^abBangladesh is served by both the representative offices in India and Thailand.
  18. ^abQatar is served by both the representative offices in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
  19. ^French Polynesia is served by both the representative offices in Fiji and New Zealand.
  20. ^Previously located inAbuja from 2001 to 2018.
  21. ^abcdServed by both the representative offices in Nigeria and United Kingdom.
  22. ^abUkraine is served by both the representative offices in Poland and Russia.
  23. ^abcdefghijklServed by both the representative offices in Russia and Turkey.
  24. ^abcdServed by both the representative offices in Saudi Arabia and Somaliland.
  25. ^abcdServed by both the representative offices in Somaliland and South Africa.
  26. ^abcdserved by both the representative offices in South Africa and United Arab Emirates.
  27. ^abSeychelles is served by both the representative offices in South Africa and United Kingdom.
  28. ^abTurks and Caicos Islands is served by both the representative offices in United Kingdom and Miami, United States.
  29. ^In 1930, theNationalist government opened the consulate-general in Taihoku (Taipei), when Taiwan was under Japanese rule until it was closed in 1945 after the end of the war. It was succeeded by an unofficial representative office that is still operating.
  30. ^Although Latvia did not establish relations with Taiwan, it allowed the consulate to function as an official diplomatic office. It was succeeded by an unofficial representative office that is still operating.
  31. ^Although embassies were established by each country, relations only went up to ministerial level, and the Taiwanese embassy was staffed with achargé d'affaires.

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^abc"Key Findings – 2024 Global Diplomacy Index".Lowy Institute.Archived from the original on 28 February 2024. Retrieved29 February 2024.
  2. ^Table 1: Number of the R.O.C. (Taiwan) Missions Abroad From Year-end 2015 to Year-end 2024(PDF) (Report).Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 27 October 2025.
  3. ^"What is the 'One China' policy?".BBC News. 10 February 2017.Archived from the original on 9 January 2019. Retrieved11 September 2020.
  4. ^abShattuck, Thomas J. (2020)."The Race to Zero?: China's Poaching of Taiwan's Diplomatic Allies".Orbis.64 (2):334–352.doi:10.1016/j.orbis.2020.02.003.ISSN 0030-4387.PMC 7102519.PMID 32292214.
  5. ^Aspinwall, Nick (10 July 2020)."Taiwan Throws a Diplomatic Curveball by Establishing Ties With Somaliland".The Diplomat.Archived from the original on 8 September 2020. Retrieved6 September 2020.
  6. ^Zhang, Adrianna (6 July 2020)."Taiwan-China Diplomatic Competition Comes to Somaliland".Voice of America.Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved6 September 2020.
  7. ^abLim, Emerson (18 August 2020)."Name of Taiwan's office in Somaliland significant: MOFA".Focus Taiwan.Central News Agency.Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved10 September 2020.
  8. ^"Why isn't 'Taiwan' in the name of most Taipei missions?".South China Morning Post. 14 August 2021. Retrieved2 January 2023.
  9. ^"Taipei Trade Office in Fiji renamed - Taipei Times". 29 March 2023.
  10. ^"Taiwan gets back 'Republic of China' office name from Fiji: MOFA - Focus Taiwan". 28 March 2023.
  11. ^Shattuck, Thomas J. (28 August 2020)."China-Taiwan Competition over Somaliland and Implications for Small Countries".Foreign Policy Research Institute.Archived from the original on 2 September 2020. Retrieved6 September 2020.
  12. ^abAgencies (19 November 2021)."China condemns opening of Taiwan office in Lithuania as 'egregious act'".the Guardian. Retrieved22 November 2021.
  13. ^Charnovitz, Steve (2006)."Taiwan's WTO Membership and its International Implication".Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy.1 (2).Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved19 December 2020.
  14. ^Lau, Chris; Cheung, Gary (17 July 2020)."Three in Taiwan's Hong Kong office forced out over 'one-China' declaration".South China Morning Post.Archived from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved11 September 2020.
  15. ^abLee, Yimou (17 July 2020)."Hong Kong demands Taiwan officials sign 'one China' document for visa renewal, source says".Reuters.Archived from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved3 December 2020.
  16. ^Moura, Nelson (24 September 2020)."Rising Beijing-Taipei tensions also taking a toll in Macau-Taipei relations". Macau News Agency. Retrieved27 October 2020.
  17. ^"Different era and mood for 'little dragons' talks".South China Morning Post. 20 April 2010.Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved12 September 2020.
  18. ^Tiezzi, Shannon (12 February 2014)."Taiwan, Mainland China Agree to New Communication Mechanism".The Diplomat.Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved6 September 2020.
  19. ^ab"ROC Embassies and Missions Abroad".Bureau of Consular Affairs,Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 31 July 2017.Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved25 November 2020.
  20. ^ab"Links to Embassies and Missions".Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan).Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved25 November 2020.
  21. ^"Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macao Emergency Service Information".Mainland Affairs Council. 22 March 2009.Archived from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved25 November 2020.
  22. ^"Taiwan offers 24 international scholarships for Belizean students".The San Pedro Sun. 29 January 2013.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved26 December 2020.
  23. ^MOFA 2018, p. 173.
  24. ^"Antecendents" [Background].Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in Guatemala (in Spanish).Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 20 September 2019.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved22 December 2020.
  25. ^Alexander, Colin R. (2014)."Haiti".China and Taiwan in Central America: Engaging Foreign Publics in Diplomacy.Palgrave Macmillan.ISBN 9781137480101.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved25 December 2020.
  26. ^"About Us".Embassy of the Republic of China to the Holy See.Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 5 October 2020.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved5 December 2020.
  27. ^MOFA 2018, pp. 58–59.
  28. ^"About the Embassy".Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the Republic of Palau.Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 7 April 2018.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved26 December 2020.
  29. ^abMOFA 2018, p. 353.
  30. ^"Ambassador's Welcome Message".Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in Saint Christopher and Nevis.Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 22 September 2020.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved20 December 2020.
  31. ^"Taiwan, St. Lucia resume diplomatic ties".Taiwan News.Central News Agency. 1 May 2007.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved20 December 2020.
  32. ^Lin, Chia-nan (8 August 2019)."Representative office in Belarus closed by MOFA".Taipei Times. p. 3.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved20 December 2020.
  33. ^abMOFA 2018, p. 60.
  34. ^"Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macao Emergency Service Information".Mainland Affairs Council. 22 March 2009.Archived from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved25 November 2020.
  35. ^"Informaciones Generales" [General Information].Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Argentina (in Spanish).Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 9 October 2020.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved3 December 2020.
  36. ^abcAlbinski, Henry S. (1996)."Taiwan and Hong Kong in Australian External Policy Perspective". InMackerras, Colin (ed.).Australia and China: Partners in Asia. Melbourne: Macmillan Education Australia.ISBN 9780732941864.Archived from the original on 9 March 2016. Retrieved26 December 2020.
  37. ^Chang, Yun-Ping (18 December 2005)."Fourth representative office opens in Australia".Taipei Times. p. 5.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved26 December 2020.
  38. ^abcdefghijMengin 2004, p. 154.
  39. ^MOFA 2018, pp. 226–227, 244.
  40. ^"Welcome message from Representative SUN".Taipei Trade Office in the Kingdom of Bahrain.Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 22 February 2020.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved16 December 2020.
  41. ^abMOFA 2018, pp. 368–369.
  42. ^MOFA 2018, p. 69.
  43. ^abMOFA 2018, p. 276.
  44. ^"Organizations".Taipei Economic and Cultural Office, Vancouver.Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 25 December 2020.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved26 December 2020.
  45. ^Hu, Yu-li; Yeh, Joseph (5 December 2023)."Taiwan opens 4th representative office in Canada".Focus Taiwan. Retrieved28 December 2023.
  46. ^MOFA 2018, p. 370.
  47. ^"New Progress in Taiwan-Hong Kong Relations: Taiwan's Hong Kong Office to be Renamed and its Functions and Status Upgraded".Mainland Affairs Council (Press release). 7 June 2013.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved9 December 2020.
  48. ^abcdMOFA 2018, p. 371.
  49. ^abcdefghBrødsgaard 2001, p. 282.
  50. ^Brødsgaard 2001, p. 290.
  51. ^abMOFA 2018, p. 374.
  52. ^Brady, Anne-Marie (2 August 2010)."New Zealand, the Pacific and China: The Challenges Ahead". In Brady (ed.).Looking North, Looking South: China, Taiwan, And The South Pacific.World Scientific. p. 198.ISBN 978-981-4465-09-0.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved24 December 2020.
  53. ^Lim, Emerson (14 December 2020)."Taiwan opens annex representative office in southern France".Focus Taiwan.Central News Agency.Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved15 December 2020.
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