"World leaders" redirects here. For the CIA directory, seeWorld Leaders.
This is alist of current heads of state and heads of government. In some cases, mainly inpresidential systems, one leader ishead of state andhead of government. In other cases, mainly insemi-presidential andparliamentary systems, the head of state and the head of government are different people. In semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of government (i.e.executive) role is fulfilled by the listed head of government and the head of state.
The list includes the names of recently elected or appointed heads of state and government who will take office on an appointed date, aspresidents-elect andprime ministers–designate, and those leading agovernment-in-exile if internationally recognised.
Member and observer states of the United Nations
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Green cells indicate leaders whose offices constitutionally administer theexecutive of their respective state/government.
Blue cells indicatede facto executive leaders whose offices lackde jure constitutional power.
Note: Names in small font generally denote acting, interim, transitional, temporary leaders, or representatives. Other notes and exceptions are provided at§ Notes.
^abThePresident of France and the French Co-Prince of Andorra are positions held by the same person.
^abcdefghijklmnoCharles III is separately and equally monarch of 15 sovereign states known collectively as theCommonwealth realms. In each of these states (with the exception of theUnited Kingdom, where he resides), he is represented at the national level by agovernor-general.
^The high representative is an international civilian overseer of theDayton Agreement with authority to dismiss elected and non-elected officials and enact legislation.
^The three-member Bosnian presidency is the head of state collectively.
^abWhile the position of Prime minister formally exists as head of government, it is not a very powerful position and the president serves as de facto head of government.
^The council will exercise certain presidential powers until a new president is elected or until 7 February 2026, whichever comes first. The presidency has been vacant since theassassination ofJovenel Moïse in 2021.[5][6][7][8]
^According to articles 89 to 91 of theConstitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Supreme Leader of Iran is the head of state, and the President is the head of government. The President is required to gain the Supreme Leader's official approval before being sworn in before Parliament, and the Supreme Leader also has the power to dismiss the elected President at any time.
^Theconstitution of Japan does not define a formal head of state, but theEmperor by unwritten constitutional convention fulfills the functions and duties of this role.
^The seven-member Swiss Federal Council is collectively head of state and government. As a party to the Council, the President serves solely in aprimus inter pares capacity for one year.
^abCharles III is head of state of the Cook Islands and Niue in his capacity asKing in Right of New Zealand. He is represented in each of these states by a King's Representative.
^"Les cohabitations".vie-publique.fr (in French). 7 July 2018.Dans ce cadre [cohabitation], le caractère dyarchique (à deux têtes) de l'exécutif apparaît pleinement, puisque le chef de l'État, élu au suffrage universel direct, perd sa fonction de direction de l'exécutif au profit du Premier ministre, responsable devant l'Assemblée nationale.
^Sullivan, Becky (18 January 2023)."As its only remaining elected officials depart, Haiti reaches a breaking point".NPR. Retrieved20 May 2023.The constitutional mandate of Haiti's de facto ruler, Prime Minister Ariel Henry — which some viewed as questionable from the start, as he was never technically sworn in — ended more than a year ago. The country has had no president since its last one, Jovenel Moïse, was assassinated in 2021.
^"Sudan's reinstated PM Hamdok promises a path to democracy".Al Jazeera. 22 November 2021. Retrieved22 March 2023.The 14-point deal between Hamdok and the military, signed in the presidential palace in Khartoum on Sunday, also provides for the release of all political prisoners detained during the coup and stipulates that a 2019 constitutional declaration be the basis for a political transition, according to details read out on state television.
1 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Europe–Asia border.2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Africa–Asia border.
Somaliland
Somalia
Transnistria
Moldova
Supreme Political Council
Government of National Stability
National Unity Government
Hamas government in Gaza
Government of Peace and Unity
Coordination Council
Belarus
