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List of cryptocurrencies

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Since the creation ofbitcoin in 2009, the number of newcryptocurrencies has expanded rapidly.[1]

The UK'sFinancial Conduct Authority estimated there were over 20,000 different cryptocurrencies by the start of 2023, although many of these were no longer traded and would never grow to a significant size.[2]

Active and inactive currencies are listed in this article.

Active currencies by date of introduction

Year of introductionCurrencySymbolFounder(s)Hash algorithmProgramming language of implementationConsensus mechanismNotes
2009BitcoinBTC,[3] XBT,₿Satoshi NakamotoSHA-256d[4][5]C++[6]PoW[5][7]The first and most widely used decentralized ledger currency,[8] with the highest market capitalization as of 2018[update].[9]
2011LitecoinLTC, ŁCharlie LeeScryptC++[10]PoWOne of the first cryptocurrencies to use scrypt as a hashing algorithm.
2011NamecoinNMCVincent Durham[11][12]SHA-256dC++[13]PoWAlso acts as an alternative, decentralizedDNS.
2012PeercoinPPCSunny King
(pseudonym)[citation needed]		SHA-256d[citation needed]C++[14]PoW &PoSThe first cryptocurrency to use both PoW and PoS functions.
2013DogecoinDOGE, XDG, ÐJackson Palmer
& Billy Markus[15]		Scrypt[16]C++[14]PoWBased on theDoge internet meme.
2013[17][18]GridcoinGRCRob Hälford[19]ScryptC++[20]DecentralizedPoSLinked tocitizen science through theBerkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing[21]
2013PrimecoinXPMSunny King
(pseudonym)[22][23]		1CC/2CC/TWN[24]TypeScript,C++[25]PoW[24]Uses the finding of prime chains composed of Cunningham chains and bi-twin chains for proof-of-work.
2013Ripple[26][27]XRPChris Larsen &
Jed McCaleb[28]		ECDSA[29]C++[30]"Consensus"Designed forpeer-to-peer debt transfer. Not based on bitcoin.
2013NxtNXTBCNext
(pseudonym)		SHA-256d[31]Java[32]PoSSpecifically designed as a flexible platform to build applications and financial services around its protocol.
2014AuroracoinAURBaldur Odinsson
(pseudonym)[33]		ScryptC++[34]PoWCreated as an alternative currency for Iceland, intended to replace theIcelandic króna.
2014DashDASHEvan Duffield[35][36]X11C++[37]PoW & Proof of Service[nt 1]Abitcoin-based currency featuring instant transactions,decentralized governance and budgeting, and private transactions.
2014NEONEODa Hongfei & Erik ZhangSHA-256 &RIPEMD160C#[38]dBFTChina based cryptocurrency, formerly ANT Shares and ANT Coins. The names were changed in 2017 to NEO and GAS.
2014MazaCoinMZCBTC Oyate InitiativeSHA-256dC++[39]PoWThe underlying software is derived from that of another cryptocurrency, ZetaCoin.
2014MoneroXMRMonero Core TeamRandomXC++[40]PoWPrivacy-centric coin based on theCryptoNote protocol with improvements for scalability and decentralization.
2014TitcoinTITEdward Mansfield & Richard Allen[41]SHA-256dTypeScript,C++[42]PoWThe first cryptocurrency to be nominated for a major adult industry award.[43]
2014VergeXVGSunerokScrypt, x17, groestl, blake2s, and lyra2rev2C,C++[44]PoWFeatures anonymous transactions usingTor.
2014StellarXLMJed McCalebStellar Consensus Protocol (SCP)[45]C,C++[46]Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP)[45]Open-source, decentralized global financial network.
2014VertcoinVTCDavid Muller[47]Verthash[48]C++[49]PoWAims to beASIC resistant.
2015EthereumETH, ΞVitalik Buterin[50]Ethash[51]C++,Go[52]PoW,PoSSupportsTuring-complete smart contracts.
2015Ethereum ClassicETCEtcHash/Thanos[53]PoWAn alternative version of Ethereum[54] whose blockchain does not include the DAO hard fork.[55] SupportsTuring-complete smart contracts.
2015NanoXNO, ӾColin LeMahieuBlake2C++[citation needed]Open Representative Voting[56]Decentralized, feeless, open-source, peer-to-peer cryptocurrency. First to use a Block Lattice structure.
2015TetherUSDTJan Ludovicus van der Velde[57]Omnicore[58]PoWTether claims to be backed byUSD at a 1 to 1 ratio. The company has been unable to produce promised audits.[59]
2016FiroFIROPoramin Insom[60]Merkle tree Proof[61]C++[62]PoWThe first financial system employingZero-knowledge proof to protect users' privacy.[60] It conducted the world's first large-scale blockchain election forThailand Democrat Party in 2018.[63]
2016ZcashZECZooko WilcoxEquihashC++[64]PoWThe first open, permissionless financial system employing zero-knowledge security.
2017Bitcoin CashBCH[65]SHA-256dPoWHard fork from bitcoin, increased maximum block size from 1MB to 8MB (as of 2018[update], 32MB)
2017EOS.IOEOSDan LarimerWebAssembly,Rust,C,C++[66]delegatedPoSFeelessSmart contract platform for decentralized applications anddecentralized autonomous corporations with a block time of 500 ms.[66]
2017CardanoADA, ₳Charles HoskinsonOuroboros, PoS Algorithm[67]Haskell[68]PoSProof-of-stake blockchain platform: developed via evidence-based methods and peer-reviewed research.[69][70][71]
2017TronTRXJustin SunJava,Solidity[72]
2018AmbaCoinofficial cryptocurrency of the Cameroonian separatist entity ofAmbazonia
2018Nervos NetworkCKBKevin Wang, Daniel Lv, Terry TaiEaglesongRust,JavaScript,CPoWMulti-layered blockchain smart contract platform[73]
2019AlgorandALGOSilvio MicaliGo[74]PoSUses averifiable random function to randomly select groups of users to certify blocks.[75]
2020AvalancheAVAXEmin Gün Sirer,Kevin Sekniqi, Maofan "Ted" YinPoS
2020Shiba InuSHIBRyoshiPoS
2020PolkadotDOTGavin WoodRustPoS
2020SolanaSOLAnatoly YakovenkoRustPoS
2021DeSoDESONader al-Naji (aka diamondhands)[76]Go[77]PoW[78]Also asocial media platform, resemblingTwitter.[79][80] Known asBitClout until September 2021.[76]
2021SafeMoonSAFEMOONSafeMoon LLCSolidity[81]PoW
2023Arkham Intel ExchangeARKM[82][83]Miguel MorelSolidityPoS

Inactive currencies

ReleaseCurrencySymbolFounder(s)Hash algorithmProgramming language of implementationCryptocurrency blockchain
(PoS,PoW, or other)		Notes
2014CoinyeKOI, COYEScryptPoWUsed American hip hop artistKanye West as its mascot, abandoned after he filed a trademark lawsuit.
OneCoinRuja Ignatova and Stephen GreenwoodAPonzi scheme promoted as a cryptocurrency.
2017BitConnectBCCBitConnect was described as an open source, all-in-one bitcoin and crypto community platform but was later discovered to be aPonzi scheme.
2018KodakCoinKodak and WENN DigitalEthash[84]KodakCoin is a "photographer-centric" blockchain cryptocurrency used for payments for licensing photographs.
PetroVenezuelan GovernmentonixCoin[85]C++[86]Stated byNicolás Maduro to be backed byVenezuela's reserves ofoil. As of August 2018[update] it does not appear to function as acurrency.[87]
PlusTokenA ponzi scheme which mainly had investors in China and South Korea.[88]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Via Masternodes containing 1000 DASH held as collateral for "Proof of Service". Through an automated voting mechanism, one Masternode is selected per block and receives 45% of mining rewards.

References

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  38. ^"The Neo Project".GitHub.
  39. ^"Maza Core integration/staging tree". April 28, 2022 – via GitHub.
  40. ^"Monero". May 13, 2022 – via GitHub.
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  44. ^"VERGE Source Code [XVG]". May 11, 2022 – via GitHub.
  45. ^ab"Stellar.org White Papers"(PDF).Stellar.org.
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  88. ^Vinga, Paul; Jeong, Eun-Young (February 8, 2020)."Cryptocurrency Scams Took in More Than $4 Billion in 2019".The Wall Street Journal.
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