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List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For recommended alcohol intake limitations by country, seeAlcohol consumption recommendations.

World Health Organization (WHO) data

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TheWorld Health Organization periodically publishesThe Global Status Report on Alcohol:

The report was first published by WHO in 1999 with data from 1996.^[1]
The second report was released in 2004, published with data from 2003.^[2]
The third report was published in 2011, with data from 2010.^[3]
The fourth global report was published in 2014, using data from 2010.^[4]
The fifth global report was published in 2018, with data from 2016.^[5]
The sixth global report was published in 2024, with data from 2019.^[6]

Worldwide

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Percentage of current drinkers among the total population (15+ years)^[7]
2000	2005	2010	2016	2019^[8]
47.6%	45.1%	45.5%	43%	44%

Countries

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Worldwide annual consumption in 2019 was equal to 5.5 litres of pure alcohol consumed per person aged 15 years or older.^[6] This is a decrease from the 5.7 litres in 2010.Distilled alcoholic beverages are the most consumed, followed bybeer andwines. The regions with the highest consumption are theWHO European Region (9.2 litres) and the Region of the Americas (7.5 litres).

Recorded annual consumption of purealcohol (litres) per person 15 years of age and over
Country	1996^[9]	2016^[10]	2019^[6]^[a]
Afghanistan	–	0.2	0.2
Albania	2.59	7.5	5.1
Algeria	0.27	0.9	0.6
Andorra	–	11.3	11.1
Angola	1.58	6.4	6.2
Antigua and Barbuda	–	7.0	8.5
Argentina	9.58	9.8	8.0
Armenia	0.84	5.5	5.0
Australia	9.55	10.6	10.1
Austria	11.90	11.6	12.0
Azerbaijan	4.16	0.8	2.0
Bahamas	–	4.4	4.4
Bahrain	–	1.9	1.6
Bangladesh	–	0.0	0.1
Barbados	8.37	9.6	9.5
Bhutan	–	0.6	0.2
Belarus	8.14	11.2	10.9
Belgium	10.94	12.1	10.3
Belize	5.85	6.7	5.7
Benin	1.39	3.0	8.3
Bolivia	3.35	4.8	4.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	8.25	6.4	6.4
Botswana	2.68	8.4	8.2
Brazil	5.57	7.8	7.7
Brunei	0.75	0.4	0.4
Bulgaria	9.52	12.7	11.9
Burkina Faso	0.45	8.2	9.8
Burundi	1.17	7.5	4.1
Cambodia	0.34	6.7	8.5
Cameroon	1.58	8.9	10.1
Canada	7.52	8.9	9.9
Cape Verde	3.86	5.7	6.3
Central African Republic	0.70	3.3	2.0
Chad	0.23	1.5	3.7
Chile	7.06	9.3	6.7
China	5.39	7.2	5.7
Colombia	6.41	5.8	4.9
Comoros	–	0.9	0.3
Congo	1.56	7.8	6.4
Cook Islands	–	10.6	10.6
Costa Rica	5.72	4.8	3.5
Ivory Coast	1.43	8.4	2.8
Croatia	11.75	8.9	8.5
Cuba	3.53	6.1	6.0
Cyprus	10.00	10.8	8.1
Czech Republic	14.35	14.4	13.3
Denmark	12.15	10.4	9.4
Djibouti	0.47	0.5	0.4
Dominica	–	8.2	6.1
Dominican Republic	5.90	6.9	6.8
DR Congo	0.21	2.6	2.1
Ecuador	1.66	4.4	3.3
Egypt	0.53	0.4	0.1
Equatorial Guinea	–	11.3	6.9
El Salvador	2.54	3.7	3.3
Eritrea	0.95	1.3	1.2
Estonia^[b]	8.07	11.6	11.3
Eswatini^[c]	1.18	9.9	8.1
Ethiopia	1.02	2.8	3.4
Fiji	1.82	3.0	3.4
Finland	8.26	10.7	9.2
France	13.74	12.6	11.3
Gabon	6.76	11.5	7.3
Gambia	0.16	3.8	1.1
Georgia	4.50	9.8	14.3
Germany	11.67	13.4	12.2
Ghana	0.41	2.7	4.5
Greece	10.41	10.4	7.1
Grenada	–	9.3	8.1
Guatemala	1.99	2.4	1.6
Guinea	0.17	1.3	0.5
Guinea-Bissau	1.59	4.8	4.1
Guyana	14.03	6.3	5.3
Haiti	6.55	5.8	3.5
Honduras	2.41	4.0	3.2
Hungary	12.85	11.4	10.6
Iceland	4.88	9.1	8.1
India	0.99	5.7	4.9
Indonesia	0.13	0.8	0.1
Iran	–	1.0	0.7
Iraq	0.61	0.4	0.2
Ireland	11.90	13.0	11.7
Israel	1.75	3.8	3.0
Italy	9.62	7.5	8.0
Jamaica	3.90	4.2	3.6
Japan	7.85	8.0	6.7
Jordan	–	0.7	0.3
Kazakhstan	7.71	7.7	4.5
Kenya	1.66	3.4	2.9
Kiribati	–	0.4	0.8
Kuwait	–	0.0	0.1
Kyrgyzstan	2.20	6.2	5.0
Laos	4.12	10.4	11.5
Latvia	8.70	12.9	13.1
Lebanon	5.43	1.5	1.5
Lesotho	1.12	5.0	4.5
Liberia	5.68	5.8	3.6
Libya	–	0.0	0.1
Lithuania	6.23	15.0	11.8
Luxembourg	14.35	13.0	11.5
Macedonia	4.86	8.1	4.6
Madagascar	1.25	1.9	1.0
Malawi	0.42	3.7	3.2
Malaysia	0.87	0.9	0.8
Maldives	2.08	2.7	1.4
Mali	–	1.3	4.3
Malta	6.91	8.1	8.5
Mauritania	–	0.0	0.1
Mauritius	4.33	3.6	7.5
Mexico	5.04	6.5	5.7
Micronesia	–	2.5	2.1
Moldova	8.62	15.2	11.4
Mongolia	1.95	7.4	7.9
Montenegro	–	8.0	10.3
Morocco	0.58	0.6	0.5
Mozambique	0.45	2.4	2.0
Myanmar	0.21	4.8	2.1
Namibia	–	9.8	5.9
Nauru	–	6.0	2.9
Nepal	–	2.0	1.4
Netherlands	9.80	8.7	9.3
Netherlands Antilles	8.78	–	–
New Caledonia	11.26	–	–
New Zealand	8.85	10.7	9.9
Nicaragua	2.34	5.2	4.2
Niger	–	0.5	0.1
Nigeria	0.66	13.4	4.2
Niue	–	7.0	9.3
North Korea	2.56	3.9	4.3
Norway	4.97	7.5	6.8
Oman	–	0.8	0.9
Pakistan	–	0.3	0.1
Panama	5.74	7.9	6.6
Papua New Guinea	1.02	1.2	1.7
Paraguay	9.71	7.2	5.6
Peru	4.00	6.3	7.5
Philippines	6.77	6.6	6.2
Poland	7.93	11.6	11.6
Portugal	13.57	12.3	10.4
Qatar	–	2.0	1.1
Romania	10.88	12.6	17.0
Russia	8.08	11.7	10.4
Rwanda	0.71	9.0	1.9
Saint Kitts and Nevis	–	9.4	6.3
Saint Lucia	–	9.9	9.5
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	–	8.2	7.2
Samoa	–	2.5	2.4
São Tomé and Príncipe	–	6.8	5.0
Saudi Arabia	–	0.2	0.1
Senegal	0.41	0.7	0.4
Serbia	–	11.1	7.9
Seychelles	–	13.8	12.0
Sierra Leone	–	5.7	0.3
Singapore	2.10	2.5	1.9
Slovakia	13.00	11.5	10.5
Slovenia	15.15	12.6	11.0
Solomon Islands	0.56	1.4	1.6
Somalia	–	0.0	0.1
South Africa	7.72	9.3	8.8
South Korea	14.40	10.2	8.2
Spain	11.09	10.0	10.9
Sri Lanka	0.21	4.3	2.8
Sudan	0.26	0.5	0.1
Suriname	4.68	5.1	6.6
Syria	0.21	0.3	0.2
Sweden	6.04	9.2	9.3
Switzerland	11.27	11.5	10.4
Tajikistan	1.78	3.3	0.9
Tanzania	0.60	9.4	10.4
Thailand	8.64	8.3	7.8
Timor-Leste	–	2.1	0.4
Togo	1.01	3.1	1.4
Tonga	–	1.5	0.4
Trinidad and Tobago	3.69	8.4	6.1
Tunisia	0.89	1.9	2.0
Turkey	1.35	2.0	1.8
Turkmenistan	1.17	5.4	2.9
Tuvalu	–	1.7	1.2
Uganda	0.46	9.5	12.2
Ukraine	2.31	8.6	8.7
United Arab Emirates	3.06	3.8	2.4
United Kingdom	–	11.4	10.8
United States	8.90	9.8	9.6
Uruguay	8.17	10.8	5.5
Uzbekistan	1.55	2.7	2.6
Vanuatu	0.96	1.0	1.9
Venezuela	9.41	5.6	3.0
Vietnam	1.21	8.3	9.3
Yemen	0.15	0.1	0.1
Zambia	0.63	4.8	3.9
Zimbabwe	2.78	4.8	3.6

^Three year average of 2017, 2018, and 2019
^1996 Estimates for Estonia are from 1995.
^Officially named Swaziland until April 2018

Consumption by type of alcoholic beverage (2019 data)

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The table below for 189 countries uses 2019 data (three-year average of 2017, 2018, and 2019) from theWHO report published in 2024.^[6] The recorded consumption values were based on data from government sources, statistics from economic operators, andFAOSTAT data and estimates the amount of alcohol consumption (in litres of pure alcohol) by persons 15 years of age or older. Unrecorded consumption (homebrew,moonshine,smuggled alcohol,surrogate alcohol etc.) was estimated using expert judgements and surveys. The total consumption (sum of recorded and unrecorded) is then broken down by type of alcoholic beverage.Beer refers to malt beer,wine refers to grape wine,spirits refers to all distilled beverages such asvodka and similar products, and the column "other" refers to all other alcoholic beverages, such asrice wine,soju,sake,mead,kumis,cider,kvass, andAfrican beers (kumi kumi,kwete,banana beer,millet beer,umqombothi etc.). The last two columns represent projections for total consumption (sum of recorded and unrecorded) for the years 2025 and 2030, which are estimated using anARIMA regression analyses.

Recorded consumption of purealcohol (litres) per person 15 years of age and over in the year 2019^[6]
Country	Recorded consumption	Unrecorded consumption	Beer (%)	Wine (%)	Spirits (%)	Other (%)	2025 projection	2030 projection
Estonia	11.8	1.1	35.3	16.9	38.2	9.7	11.1	12.2
Lithuania	11.0	0.8	42.5	7.7	45.2	4.6	11.7	12.1
Czech Republic	12.9	0.4	52.7	21.8	25.4	<0.1	13.4	13.2
Seychelles	13.3	0.5	42.0	20.8	33.7	3.5	12.1	11.7
Germany	11.1	0.4	50.5	29.9	19.6	<0.1	12.1	11.6
Nigeria	2.9	1.3	22.1	0.8	13.0	64.1	4.1	3.7
Ireland	11.1	0.3	45.4	26.4	20.6	7.6	11.5	10.8
Moldova	6.3	4.8	24.2	37.6	35.8	2.5	11.3	12.3
Latvia	12.9	1.5	40.1	12.1	40.6	7.2	13.1	14.3
Bulgaria	11.4	0.6	40.1	16.3	41.7	1.9	12.0	12.4
France	11.5	0.4	21.1	56.8	20.5	1.6	11.3	10.7
Romania	10.7	6.2	49.7	30.6	19.6	<0.1	16.9	17.5
Slovenia	10.4	0.6	44.2	44.9	10.9	<0.1	11.6	11.1
Portugal	10.2	0.6	25.6	57.7	13.0	3.7	10.6	10.1
Luxembourg	11.3	0.2	35.6	43.6	20.1	0.8	11.5	10.9
Belgium	9.2	0.4	47.6	37.0	12.0	3.4	10.2	9.8
Russia	7.1	3.3	41.4	15.5	43.1	<0.1	10.4	9.8
Austria	11.7	0.4	52.7	31.1	16.2	<0.1	12.2	11.7
Poland	10.7	1.4	54.2	8.1	37.7	<0.1	11.8	12.5
Gabon	6.6	0.7	81.3	7.9	10.1	0.7	7.0	6.4
Slovakia	10.3	0.6	35.9	22.9	41.2	<0.1	11.3	11.2
Switzerland	9.2	0.4	33.9	46.2	18.6	1.3	10.6	10.0
Hungary	11.0	0.6	37.3	28.7	34.0	<0.1	10.4	10.4
United Kingdom	9.8	0.5	35.4	34.6	23.6	6.4	10.8	10.5
Andorra	11.1	0.4	31.7	45.5	21.1	1.7	11.1	10.7
Equatorial Guinea	6.2	0.8	62.5	18.0	18.6	0.9	7.3	7.4
Belarus	10.1	0.6	21.3	9.0	45.0	24.7	11.3	10.7
Serbia	6.9	0.8	43.8	19.0	33.8	3.4	7.9	7.3
Cyprus	7.9	0.6	30.6	27.9	41.6	<0.1	8.0	8.0
Uruguay	5.2	0.4	37.4	48.2	14.4	<0.1	5.5	5.0
Finland	8.3	0.5	47.2	20.3	16.8	15.7	9.1	8.9
New Zealand	9.1	0.5	37.1	32.3	17.1	13.5	9.9	9.9
Australia	9.5	0.4	38.9	38.9	13.6	8.6	10.1	9.9
Cook Islands	12.6	0.6	28.8	15.1	56.1	<0.1	10.6	12.5
Denmark	9.2	0.4	37.2	44.9	17.9	<0.1	9.3	8.7
Greece	6.6	0.7	32.0	44.0	22.5	1.5	6.9	6.5
Laos	7.4	4.2	49.8	0.5	49.7	<0.1	12.2	13.1
South Korea	7.8	0.4	22.3	2.0	2.8	73.0	8.1	7.4
Spain	10.7	0.5	43.2	33.5	21.6	1.7	11.0	11.0
Eswatini	7.1	1.1	34.7	1.0	2.3	62.0	8.1	7.8
Saint Lucia	10.2	0.5	32.7	11.1	49.7	6.6	10.2	10.2
Argentina	7.6	0.4	42.9	37.4	9.1	9.6	7.6	8.0
Georgia	7.6	6.7	24.3	41.8	33.6	0.3	15.0	15.3
Namibia	5.0	0.9	28.4	41.7	11.9	18.0	5.7	6.1
United States	8.9	0.4	44.9	18.2	36.9	<0.1	9.6	9.8
Barbados	10.0	0.5	36.5	14.0	47.9	1.7	9.5	10.5
Uganda	6.6	5.6	12.9	0.2	9.2	77.7	12.0	9.9
Saint Kitts and Nevis	8.8	0.4	42.6	11.5	43.6	2.3	6.5	6.6
Tanzania	5.1	5.3	14.0	0.3	7.1	78.6	10.4	10.3
Chile	6.4	0.4	48.9	25.8	25.3	<0.1	7.5	7.9
Grenada	8.5	0.5	41.4	5.6	49.4	3.6	8.2	8.4
South Africa	7.4	1.4	56.3	17.7	16.1	9.9	8.9	8.9
Sweden	7.1	2.2	37.0	47.2	14.0	1.8	9.3	9.4
Iceland	7.7	0.5	56.2	27.6	16.2	<0.1	7.9	8.4
Rwanda	1.3	0.5	47.9	2.0	11.3	38.8	3.0	4.0
Cameroon	4.0	6.1	58.6	2.6	0.2	38.5	10.0	10.1
Canada	8.1	1.9	44.3	25.7	26.0	4.0	9.8	10.0
Croatia	10.1	0.7	47.3	35.1	13.4	4.2	8.5	8.1
Netherlands	8.3	0.5	48.1	35.3	16.6	<0.1	9.2	8.7
Ukraine	5.5	3.2	46.0	5.5	47.6	0.9	9.0	8.8
Botswana	7.4	0.8	41.0	4.9	11.1	42.9	8.5	8.6
Ivory Coast	1.9	0.9	56.3	18.8	8.6	16.2	2.9	2.8
Trinidad and Tobago	5.7	0.4	52.1	2.0	44.2	1.7	6.3	6.7
Thailand	6.7	1.2	29.5	2.4	68.0	<0.1	8.0	7.7
Vietnam	3.4	5.9	92.4	0.6	6.8	0.2	9.3	10.7
Burkina Faso	7.2	2.6	14.5	0.9	3.2	81.4	9.9	10.9
Dominica	6.3	0.5	28.7	4.6	65.7	1.1	5.8	5.3
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	7.6	<0.1	34.2	3.7	59.1	3.0	7.1	8.1
Malta	9.0	0.5	42.0	26.3	25.7	5.9	8.5	9.8
North Macedonia	4.0	0.8	51.5	25.6	21.9	1.0	4.7	4.9
Japan	6.4	0.2	21.0	6.1	15.0	57.9	6.6	6.3
Montenegro	9.8	0.7	38.3	26.3	32.2	3.2	10.4	10.4
Panama	6.3	0.4	79.3	1.0	19.3	0.4	6.5	6.8
Brazil	6.3	1.4	63.1	3.8	32.7	0.4	7.6	12.1
Congo	5.6	0.8	90.1	1.3	8.4	0.2	6.2	7.9
Kazakhstan	3.9	0.7	61.5	4.3	34.1	<0.1	4.4	4.2
Albania	4.4	0.7	39.6	24.5	34.1	1.8	5.1	5.4
Burundi	3.1	1.0	60.2	0.1	0.1	39.5	4.1	3.4
Italy	7.6	0.5	25.7	63.7	10.5	<0.1	8.0	7.5
Norway	6.0	0.5	43.8	36.6	16.5	3.0	6.8	6.9
Mongolia	7.2	0.7	29.9	20.4	49.8	<0.1	7.8	8.0
China	4.8	0.9	28.4	3.0	68.5	<0.1	5.0	5.5
Paraguay	5.3	0.5	56.8	11.4	30.4	1.4	5.6	5.7
Antigua and Barbuda	11.2	0.4	26.3	32.8	37.6	3.3	8.5	9.8
Niue	8.5	0.8	50.4	22.2	27.4	<0.1	9.3	10.5
Dominican Republic	5.6	1.3	56.0	3.2	39.7	1.0	6.9	6.5
São Tomé and Príncipe	4.2	0.8	17.1	77.4	5.4	<0.1	5.2	5.0
Belize	5.9	0.5	64.9	11.1	21.5	2.5	5.6	5.9
Cambodia	4.5	4.0	90.7	0.2	9.1	<0.1	8.7	11.0
Philippines	5.0	1.2	28.5	0.7	70.6	0.2	6.2	6.3
Mexico	4.8	1.2	85.3	3.8	10.5	0.4	5.8	5.8
Angola	5.3	0.9	54.5	7.8	35.0	2.8	5.4	5.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5.3	0.9	76.2	9.2	11.4	3.1	6.3	6.8
Guyana	5.2	0.2	53.1	0.7	45.7	0.5	5.3	5.3
Peru	5.7	1.8	53.5	7.9	38.4	0.2	7.3	7.8
Kyrgyzstan	4.4	0.5	10.2	5.7	84.1	<0.1	4.5	4.7
Cuba	4.7	1.3	37.8	4.7	57.2	0.3	6.0	6.3
Nauru	2.4	0.5	22.0	3.7	74.3	<0.1	2.9	2.8
Colombia	4.2	0.7	73.8	1.4	24.3	0.4	4.9	4.8
Haiti	3.0	0.4	17.2	0.9	81.7	0.2	3.2	3.1
Liberia	2.8	0.8	14.1	1.6	83.7	0.5	3.5	3.4
Cape Verde	1.9	0.9	56.3	18.8	8.6	16.2	2.9	2.8
India	3.0	1.9	7.1	<0.1	92.8	<0.1	5.0	6.7
Sierra Leone	0.2	<0.1	68.0	6.6	21.1	4.3	0.3	0.3
Venezuela	2.7	0.3	58.5	0.5	39.6	1.4	2.4	1.8
Armenia	4.1	0.9	20.3	9.5	70.0	0.2	5.2	5.7
Turkmenistan	2.9	<0.1	23.1	40.3	36.6	<0.1	2.8	3.1
Nicaragua	3.7	0.5	41.0	0.8	58.1	0.1	4.0	4.1
Suriname	6.3	0.4	53.9	2.7	41.0	2.3	7.1	8.2
Lesotho	3.5	1.0	54.7	2.9	8.9	33.5	4.5	5.3
Bolivia	3.0	1.1	74.4	4.3	18.6	2.6	4.0	4.3
Costa Rica	3.2	0.3	72.3	4.9	10.4	12.4	3.3	3.1
Guinea-Bissau	3.3	0.9	15.4	33.6	15.8	35.1	3.9	4.1
Myanmar	1.9	0.2	26.9	0.9	72.1	<0.1	2.4	3.4
Zambia	3.2	0.6	37.9	1.4	8.5	52.2	3.8	3.8
Zimbabwe	2.8	0.9	34.1	1.9	12.3	51.7	3.9	4.6
Bahamas	9.5	0.3	38.7	15.3	42.8	3.2	4.4	4.3
Ecuador	3.0	0.3	76.8	2.7	19.4	1.0	3.3	3.1
Sri Lanka	2.6	0.3	8.5	0.3	89.8	1.4	2.8	3.3
Jamaica	3.5	0.4	34.6	8.3	47.3	9.7	3.6	3.6
Honduras	2.8	0.4	57.5	1.3	41.1	0.1	3.2	3.4
North Korea	3.4	0.9	3.2	<0.1	96.8	<0.1	4.3	4.5
Gambia	0.9	0.3	17.9	<0.1	1.8	80.3	0.9	0.6
Israel	2.6	0.4	49.3	3.0	45.1	2.5	3.0	3.1
United Arab Emirates	2.1	0.4	10.5	7.0	81.4	1.0	2.3	2.5
El Salvador	2.9	0.4	50.9	1.9	47.0	0.2	3.4	3.5
Malawi	1.8	1.5	4.2	0.8	9.5	85.5	3.4	3.5
Mauritius	7.0	0.8	28.6	3.7	67.1	0.5	7.6	7.4
Kenya	2.3	0.6	32.1	1.2	35.1	31.6	2.8	3.2
Central African Republic	1.4	0.5	36.6	1.8	1.0	60.6	2.0	1.9
Tajikistan	0.9	<0.1	44.0	1.3	54.2	0.5	0.8	0.8
Togo	1.0	0.4	63.1	1.1	20.1	15.6	1.4	1.4
Benin	5.2	3.2	17.0	0.9	4.0	78.1	8.7	8.5
Fiji	3.0	0.7	53.9	9.1	37.0	<0.1	3.8	4.3
Ethiopia	1.8	1.5	55.9	0.1	9.7	34.3	3.7	5.1
Ghana	1.9	2.7	34.5	2.0	21.3	42.2	4.5	4.5
Maldives	1.3	0.4	22.9	40.9	36.0	0.2	1.5	1.4
Uzbekistan	2.6	<0.1	7.8	3.3	88.8	<0.1	2.5	2.8
DR Congo	1.1	1.0	48.6	0.8	3.6	47.1	2.0	1.4
Micronesia	1.6	0.6	58.5	8.5	33.0	<0.1	2.1	1.9
Samoa	1.9	0.7	82.3	8.7	9.1	<0.1	2.4	2.2
Guatemala	1.6	<0.1	55.1	3.0	41.5	0.4	1.6	1.5
Mozambique	1.5	0.6	72.1	10.4	14.4	3.2	2.1	2.5
Timor-Leste	0.3	<0.1	69.1	12.8	17.3	0.8	0.2	0.2
Nepal	0.8	0.6	28.3	0.6	71.1	<0.1	1.5	1.6
Qatar	1.0	0.2	29.6	7.8	62.0	0.6	1.1	1.3
Singapore	1.8	0.2	69.0	15.4	13.7	2.0	1.9	1.8
Turkey	1.3	0.6	56.8	12.3	30.8	<0.1	1.7	1.6
Bahrain	1.5	0.4	37.6	12.1	48.7	1.6	1.6	1.3
Madagascar	0.7	0.3	68.6	9.5	21.8	<0.1	1.0	0.9
Tunisia	2.0	0.6	62.1	26.5	9.9	1.5	2.0	2.1
Tuvalu	0.9	0.3	1.5	74.3	24.2	<0.1	1.2	1.5
Chad	0.5	3.2	69.7	0.8	0.9	28.7	3.5	4.2
Lebanon	1.2	0.3	32.3	18.1	48.3	1.4	1.5	1.3
Tonga	0.3	0.1	4.3	60.3	35.4	<0.1	0.4	0.5
Solomon Islands	1.2	0.5	71.3	4.5	24.2	<0.1	1.6	1.2
Eritrea	0.9	0.4	42.0	<0.1	<0.1	58.0	1.2	1.6
Guinea	0.3	0.1	92.2	3.6	4.2	<0.1	0.5	0.6
Mali	3.5	0.8	2.7	0.2	0.4	96.7	4.3	4.1
Papua New Guinea	1.2	0.5	45.8	4.7	48.6	0.9	1.4	1.4
Iran	0.1	0.6	75.4	<0.1	24.6	<0.1	0.4	<0.1
Vanuatu	1.7	0.6	20.2	24.2	55.5	0.1	2.1	2.6
Algeria	0.6	<0.1	53.5	32.7	13.8	<0.1	0.6	0.8
Comoros	0.2	<0.1	21.7	39.8	38.5	<0.1	0.2	0.4
Malaysia	0.7	0.2	73.0	6.4	19.0	1.7	0.8	0.8
Azerbaijan	0.9	1.0	38.3	13.0	47.9	0.7	2.5	3.9
Indonesia	<0.1	<0.1	78.2	3.2	17.8	0.8	0.1	0.1
Oman	0.5	0.4	34.5	3.5	61.7	0.2	0.9	0.9
Jordan	0.3	<0.1	27.6	1.7	69.3	1.4	0.3	0.2
Senegal	0.3	0.1	66.7	26.3	6.3	0.7	0.4	0.4
Bhutan	<0.1	0.1	11.1	2.4	86.3	0.1	0.2	0.3
Morocco	0.5	<0.1	35.6	46.1	18.0	0.3	0.6	0.6
Djibouti	0.3	0.1	28.1	17.4	53.2	1.2	0.3	0.3
Niger	<0.1	<0.1	41.3	7.9	50.6	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudan	<0.1	<0.1	27.0	30.9	37.6	4.5	<0.1	<0.1
Brunei	0.7	0.1	100.0	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	0.4	0.4
Egypt	0.1	<0.1	63.6	7.2	28.3	0.9	0.1	0.2
Iraq	0.2	<0.1	70.3	2.3	26.8	0.7	0.2	0.3
Kiribati	0.4	0.6	64.1	<0.1	35.8	<0.1	0.8	0.7
Pakistan	<0.1	<0.1	7.7	<0.1	68.7	23.6	0.1	0.1
Syria	0.1	<0.1	12.8	1.3	86.0	<0.1	0.2	0.1
Afghanistan	<0.1	<0.1	6.1	4.4	89.1	0.4	<0.1	<0.1
Saudi Arabia	<0.1	<0.1	–	–	–	–	<0.1	<0.1
Yemen	<0.1	<0.1	98.0	<0.1	2.0	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Bangladesh	<0.1	<0.1	11.1	2.4	86.3	0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Kuwait	<0.1	<0.1	–	–	–	–	<0.1	<0.1
Libya	<0.1	<0.1	6.8	10.5	32.6	50.2	<0.1	<0.1
Mauritania	<0.1	<0.1	–	–	–	–	<0.1	<0.1
Somalia	<0.1	<0.1	–	–	–	–	<0.1	<0.1

References

[edit]

^Global Status Report On Alcohol(PDF) (Report).World Health organization. 1999. RetrievedAugust 1, 2024.
^Global status report on alcohol 2004(PDF) (Report). World Health Organization. 2004.ISBN 9241562722. RetrievedAugust 1, 2024.
^"WHO - Global Status Report On Alcohol 2011".who.int. 2011.
^"WHO - Global Status Report On Alcohol 2014"(PDF).who.int. 2014.
^"WHO - Global Status Report On Alcohol 2018"(PDF).who.int. 2018.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^eGlobal status report on alcohol and health and treatment of substance use disorders(PDF) (Report). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2024. pp. 165–171.ISBN 978-92-4-009674-5. RetrievedJune 27, 2024.
^"WHO Global status report on alcohol and health 2018"(PDF).who.int. p. 44. Retrieved12 October 2021.
^"WHO Global status report on alcohol and health 2024"(PDF).who.int. p. 32. Retrieved17 February 2025.
^Global Status Report On Alcohol(PDF) (Report). World Health Organization. 1999. pp. 10–13. RetrievedAugust 1, 2024.
^"WHO - Global status report on alcohol and health 2018"(PDF).who.int. 2018. pp. 341–348.

Recreational drug use

Major recreational drugs

Depressants

Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Carbamates
Ethanol (alcohol)
Gabapentinoids
GHB
Inhalants
- Medical
  - Nitrous oxide (recreational use)
- Hazardoussolvents
- Other
  - Freon
Kava
Nonbenzodiazepines
Quinazolinones
- Quaaludes

Psychedelics	2C-B 25I-NBOMe 4-AcO-DMT 5-MeO-DMT Psychoactive toads Bufotenin Vilca Yopo DMT Ayahuasca LSA andiso-LSA Morning glory Ergot LSD Mescaline Peruvian torch Peyote San Pedro Psilocybin andpsilocin Psilocybin mushrooms
Dissociatives	DXM (recreational use) Inhalants Nitrous oxide (recreational use) Ketamine MXE PCP
Deliriants	Atropine andScopolamine Atropa belladonna Datura Hyoscyamus niger Mandragora officinarum Dimenhydrinate Diphenhydramine
Cannabinoids	THC Cannabis (Marijuana) Hashish Hash oil Synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 APICA APINACA Spice
Others	Ibogaine Tabernanthe iboga Muscimol Amanita muscaria Oneirogens Calea zacatechichi Silene capensis Salvinorin A Salvia divinorum

Drug culture

Cannabis culture	420 Cannabis consumption Cannabis cultivation Cannabis edible Cannabis rights Cannabis rights leaders List of cannabis rights organizations Cannabis smoking Cannabis Social Club Cannabis tea Cannabis vaping Head shop Legal history of cannabis in the United States Legality of cannabis Marijuana Policy Project Medical cannabis Mushroom edible NORML Cannabis and religion Stoner film
Coffee culture	Coffee break Coffeehouse Latte art Teahouse
Drinking culture	Bartending Beer culture Beer festival Binge drinking Diethyl ether Drinking games Drinking song Happy hour Hip flask Nightclub Oktoberfest Pub Pub crawl Sommelier Sports bar Tailgate party Wine bar Wine tasting
Psychedelia	Psychonautics Art Drug Era Experience Literature Music Microdosing Smart shop Therapy Trip report
Smoking culture	Cigarette card Fashion cigarettes Cloud-chasing Loosie Smokeasy Smoking fetishism Tobacco smoking
Other	Chasing the dragon Club drug Counterculture of the 1960s Dance party Drug paraphernalia Drug tourism Entheogen Hippie Needle sharing Nootropic Party and play Poly drug use Rave Religion and drugs Self-medication Sex and drugs Urban legends about drugs Whoonga

Legality of drug use

International	International drug control conventions 1961 Narcotic Drugs 1971 Psychotropic Substances 1988 Drug Trafficking Other treaties addressing drugs Law of the Sea Convention Convention Against Doping Council of the European Union decisions on designer drugs
State level	Drug policy Decriminalization Legalization Prohibition Regulation Supply reduction Policy reform Demand reduction Drug Policy Alliance Harm reduction Law Enforcement Action Partnership Liberalization Latin America Students for Sensible Drug Policy
Drug policy by country	Australia Canada China Czech Republic Germany India Laos Netherlands Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia South Korea Soviet Union Sweden Switzerland United States Just Say No Office of National Drug Control Policy School district drug policies California Colorado Maryland Oregon Virginia United Kingdom
Drug legality	Alcohol legality Anabolic steroid legality Cannabis legality Cocaine legality Methamphetamine legality Psilocybin decriminalization in the U.S. Psilocybin mushrooms legality Salvia legality
Other	Arguments for and against drug prohibition Cannabis rights Capital punishment for drug trafficking Cognitive liberty Designer drug Drug court Drug possession Drug test Narc Politics of drug abuse War on drugs Mexican drug war Plan Colombia Philippine drug war Zero tolerance

Other

Drug
production
and trade

Drug
production

Drug trade

Issues with
drug use

Abuse
Addiction
Date rape drug
Dependence
Driving impaired
Drug harmfulness
- Effects of cannabis
Drug-related crime
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Long-term effects of cannabis
Neurotoxicity
Overdose
Passive smoking
- of tobacco or other substances

Harm reduction

Countries by
drug use

Other

Psilocybin therapy

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