Countries or territories by GDP (nominal) per capita in 2024
>$60,000
$50,000–$60,000
$40,000–$50,000
$30,000–$40,000
$20,000–$30,000
$10,000–$20,000
$5,000–$10,000
$2,500–$5,000
$1,000–$2,500
$500–$1,000
<$500
No data
Nominalgross domestic product (GDP)per capita is the total value of a country's finished goods and services (gross domestic product) divided by its totalpopulation (per capita).
Comparisons of GDP per capita are also frequently made on the basis ofpurchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries. PPP largely removes the exchange rate problem but not others; it does not reflect the value of economic output ininternational trade, and it also requires more estimation than GDP per capita.[relevant to this section? –discuss] On the whole, PPP per capita figures are more narrowly spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.
GDP per capita does not consider differences in thecost of living in different countries, and the results may vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in theexchange rates of the country'scurrency. Such fluctuations may change a country's ranking from one year to the next, while the standard of living of its population might not change by as much.
Several leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions may be consideredtax havens, and their GDP data subject to material distortion bytax-planning activities. Examples include Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland and Luxembourg.[3]
Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and somedependent territories) and states with limited international recognition are included in the list in cases in which they appear in the sources. These economies are not ranked in the charts (except Kosovo and Taiwan), but are listed in sequence by GDP for comparison. Four UN members (Cuba, Monaco and North Korea) do not belong to theInternational Monetary Fund (IMF), hence their economies are not ranked. Kosovo, is not a member of the United Nations and is a member of the IMF. Taiwan is not an IMF member, but it is listed in the official IMF indices.
Many of the leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions aretax havens whose economic data is artificially inflated by tax-driven corporate accounting entries. For instance, the Irish GDP data above is subject to material distortion by thetax planning activities of foreign multinationals in Ireland. To address this, in 2017 theCentral Bank of Ireland created "modified GNI" (or GNI*) as a more appropriate statistic, and the OECD and IMF have adopted it for Ireland. 2015 Irish GDP is 143% of 2015 Irish GNI*.
A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 percent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 percent of the world’s investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.
Nearly all country links in the table (except that ofZanzibar) take to articles titled "Income incountry orterritory" or to "Economy ofcountry orterritory".
^[1], (Select all countries, "GDP, Per Capita GDP–US Dollars", and "2023" to generate the table),United Nations Statistics Division. Access date: 12 February 2023.
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