Baryons arecompositeparticles made of threequarks, as opposed tomesons, which are composite particles made of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks. Baryons and mesons are bothhadrons, which are particles composed solely of quarks or both quarks and antiquarks. The termbaryon is derived from theGreek "βαρύς" (barys), meaning "heavy", because, at the time of their naming, it was believed that baryons were characterized by having greater masses than other particles that were classed as matter.
Pentaquarks areexotic baryons composed of four quarks and one antiquark. In 2015, theLHCb collaboration atCERN definitively reported the observation of pentaquark states in the decay ofbottom lambda baryons (Λ0
b).[1] Since then, additional pentaquark states have been discovered, including new observations in 2019 and 2022. While primarily created in laboratory conditions, pentaquarks might also form naturally during neutron star formation.[2][3][4]
Since baryons are composed of quarks, they participate in thestrong interaction.Leptons, on the other hand, are not composed of quarks and as such do not participate in the strong interaction. The best known baryons areprotons andneutrons, which make up most of the mass of the visiblematter in theuniverse, whereaselectrons, the other major component ofatoms, are leptons. Each baryon has a correspondingantiparticle, known as an antibaryon, in which quarks are replaced by their corresponding antiquarks. For example, a proton is made of two up quarks and one down quark, while its corresponding antiparticle, theantiproton, is made of two up antiquarks and one down antiquark.
These lists detail all known and predicted baryons in total angular momentumJ = 1/2 andJ = 3/2 configurations with positiveparity.[5]
The symbols encountered in these lists are:I (isospin),J (total angular momentum),P (parity), u (up quark), d (down quark), s (strange quark), c (charm quark), b (bottom quark),Q (charge),B (baryon number),S (strangeness),C (charm),B′ (bottomness), as well as a wide array of subatomic particles (hover for name). (SeeBaryon for a detailed explanation of these symbols.)
Antibaryons are not listed in the tables; however, they simply would have all quarks changed to antiquarks, andQ,B,S,C,B′, would be of opposite signs. Particles with† next to their names have been predicted by theStandard Model but not yet observed. Values in parentheses have not been firmly established by experiments, but are predicted by thequark model and are consistent with the measurements.[6][7]
| Particle name | Symbol | Quark content | Rest mass [MeV/c2] | I | JP | Q [e] | S | C | B′ | Mean lifetime [s] | Commonly decays to |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| proton[8] | p , p+ , N+ | u u d | 938.272088816(29)[a] | 1/2 | 1/2+ | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | stable[b] | unobserved |
| neutron[9] | n , n0 , N0 | u d d | 939.56542052(54)[a] | 1/2 | 1/2+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (8.784±0.005)×10+2[c] | p+ + e− + ν e |
| lambda[10] | Λ0 | u d s | 1115.683±0.006 | 0 | 1/2+ | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 | (2.617±0.010)×10−10 | p+ + π− or n0 + π0 |
| charmed lambda[11] | Λ+ c | u d c | 2286.46±0.14 | 0 | 1/2+ | +1 | 0 | +1 | 0 | (2.024±0.031)×10−13 | see Λ+ c decay modes |
| bottom lambda[12] | Λ0 b | u d b | 5619.6±0.17 | (0) | (1/2+) | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1 | (1.471±0.009)×10−12 | see Λ0 b decay modes |
| sigma[13] | Σ+ | u u s | 1189.37±0.07 | 1 | 1/2+ | +1 | −1 | 0 | 0 | (8.018±0.026)×10−11 | p+ + π0 or n0 + π+ |
| sigma[14] | Σ0 | u d s | 1192.642±0.024 | 1 | 1/2+ | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 | (7.4±0.7)×10−20 | Λ0 + γ |
| sigma[15] | Σ− | d d s | 1197.449±0.030 | 1 | 1/2+ | −1 | −1 | 0 | 0 | (1.479±0.011)×10−10 | n0 + π− |
| charmed sigma[16] | Σ++ c(2455) | u u c | 2453.97±0.14 | 1 | 1/2+ | +2 | 0 | +1 | 0 | 3.48+0.37 −0.16×10−22[d] | Λ+ c + π+ |
| charmed sigma[16] | Σ+ c(2455) | u d c | 2452.9±0.4 | 1 | 1/2+ | +1 | 0 | +1 | 0 | >1.43×10−22[d] | Λ+ c + π0 |
| charmed sigma[16] | Σ0 c(2455) | d d c | 2453.75±0.14 | 1 | 1/2+ | 0 | 0 | +1 | 0 | 3.60+0.42 −0.20×10−22[d] | Λ+ c + π− |
| bottom sigma[17] | Σ+ b | u u b | 5810.56±0.25 | (1) | (1/2+) | +1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | (1.32±0.13)×10−22[d] | Λ0 b + π+ |
| bottom sigma† | Σ0 b | u d b | unknown | (1) | (1/2+) | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| bottom sigma[17] | Σ− b | d d b | 5815.64±0.27 | (1) | (1/2+) | −1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | (1.24±0.12)×10−22[d] | Λ0 b + π− |
| xi[18] | Ξ0 | u s s | 1314.86±0.20 | 1/2 | 1/2(+) | 0 | −2 | 0 | 0 | (2.90±0.09)×10−10 | Λ0 + π0 |
| xi[19] | Ξ− | d s s | 1321.71±0.07 | 1/2 | 1/2(+) | −1 | −2 | 0 | 0 | (1.639±0.015)×10−10 | Λ0 + π− |
| charmed xi[20] | Ξ+ c | u s c | 2467.94+0.17 −0.20 | (1/2) | (1/2+) | +1 | −1 | +1 | 0 | (4.56±0.05)×10−13 | see Ξ+ c decay modes |
| charmed xi[21] | Ξ0 c | d s c | 2470.90+0.22 −0.29 | (1/2) | (1/2+) | 0 | −1 | +1 | 0 | (1.53±0.06)×10−13 | see Ξ0 c decay modes |
| charmed xi prime[22] | Ξ′+ c | u s c | 2578.4±0.5 | (1/2) | (1/2+) | +1 | −1 | +1 | 0 | unknown | Ξ+ c + γ (seen) |
| charmed xi prime[23] | Ξ′0 c | d s c | 2579.2±0.5 | (1/2) | (1/2+) | 0 | −1 | +1 | 0 | unknown | Ξ0 c + γ (seen) |
| double charmed xi[24] | Ξ++ cc | u c c | 3621.2±0.7 | (1/2) | (1/2+) | +2 | 0 | +2 | 0 | unknown | see Ξ++ cc decay modes |
| double charmed xi[e] | Ξ+ cc | d c c | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | +1 | 0 | +2 | 0 | unknown | unknown |
| bottom xi[25] orcascade B | Ξ0 b | u s b | 5791.9±0.5 | (1/2) | (1/2+) | 0 | −1 | 0 | −1 | (1.480±0.030)×10−12 | see Ξ0 b decay modes |
| bottom xi[25] or cascade B | Ξ− b | d s b | 5797.0±0.6 | (1/2) | (1/2+) | −1 | −1 | 0 | −1 | (1.572±0.040)×10−12 | see Ξ− b decay modes |
| bottom xi prime† | Ξ′0 b | u s b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | 0 | −1 | 0 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| bottom xi prime† | Ξ′− b | d s b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | −1 | −1 | 0 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| double bottom xi† | Ξ0 bb | u b b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | 0 | 0 | 0 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
| double bottom xi† | Ξ− bb | d b b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | −1 | 0 | 0 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom xi† | Ξ+ cb | u c b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | +1 | 0 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom xi† | Ξ0 cb | d c b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | 0 | 0 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom xi prime† | Ξ′+ cb | u c b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | +1 | 0 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom xi prime† | Ξ′0 cb | d c b | unknown | (1/2) | (1/2+) | 0 | 0 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmedomega[26] | Ω0 c | s s c | 2695.2±1.7 | (0) | (1/2+) | 0 | −2 | +1 | 0 | (2.68±0.24 ± 0.10)×10−13 | see Ω0 c decay modes |
| bottom omega[27] | Ω− b | s s b | 6046.1±1.7 | (0) | (1/2+) | −1 | −2 | 0 | −1 | 1.64+0.18 −0.17×10−12 | Ω− + J/ψ (seen) |
| double charmed omega† | Ω+ cc | s c c | unknown | (0) | (1/2+) | +1 | −1 | +2 | 0 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom omega† | Ω0 cb | s c b | unknown | (0) | (1/2+) | 0 | −1 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom omega prime† | Ω′0 cb | s c b | unknown | (0) | (1/2+) | 0 | −1 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| double bottom omega† | Ω− bb | s b b | unknown | (0) | (1/2+) | −1 | −1 | 0 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
| double charmed bottom omega† | Ω+ ccb | c c b | unknown | (0) | (1/2+) | +1 | 0 | +2 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed double bottom omega† | Ω0 cbb | c b b | unknown | (0) | (1/2+) | 0 | 0 | +1 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
†^ Particle has not yet been observed.
[a]^ The masses of theproton andneutron are known with much better precision indaltons (Da) than inMeV/c2. In atomic mass units, the mass of the proton is1.0072764665789(83) Da[28] whereas that of the neutron is1.00866491606(40) Da.[29]
[b]^ At least 1035 years. SeeProton decay.
[c]^ Forfree neutrons; in most common nuclei, neutrons are stable.
[d]^ PDG reports theresonance width (Γ). Here the conversionτ = ħ/Γ is given instead.
[e]^ There is a controversial discovery claim, disfavored by other experimental data.[30]
| Particle name | Symbol | Quark content | Rest mass [MeV/c2] | I | JP | Q [e] | S | C | B′ | Mean lifetime [s] | Commonly decays to |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| delta[31] | Δ++ (1232) | u u u | 1232±2 | 3/2 | 3/2+ | +2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] | p+ + π+ |
| delta[31] | Δ+ (1232) | u u d | 1232±2 | 3/2 | 3/2+ | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] | p+ + π0 or n0 + π+ |
| delta[31] | Δ0 (1232) | u d d | 1232±2 | 3/2 | 3/2+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] | n0 + π0 or p+ + π− |
| delta[31] | Δ− (1232) | d d d | 1232±2 | 3/2 | 3/2+ | −1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] | n0 + π− |
| sigma[32] | Σ∗+ (1385) | u u s | 1382.80±0.35 | 1 | 3/2+ | +1 | −1 | 0 | 0 | (1.828±0.036)×10−23[h] | Λ0 + π+ or Σ+ + π0 or Σ0 + π+ |
| sigma[32] | Σ∗0 (1385) | u d s | 1383.7±1.0 | 1 | 3/2+ | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 | (1.83±0.26)×10−23[h] | Λ0 + π0 or Σ+ + π− or Σ0 + π0 |
| sigma[32] | Σ∗− (1385) | d d s | 1387.2±0.5 | 1 | 3/2+ | −1 | −1 | 0 | 0 | (1.671±0.089)×10−23[h] | Λ0 + π− or Σ0 + π− or Σ− + π0 |
| charmed sigma[33] | Σ∗++ c(2520) | u u c | 2518.41+0.21 −0.19 | 1 | (3/2+) | +2 | 0 | +1 | 0 | 4.45+0.12 −0.09×10−23[h] | Λ+ c + π+ |
| charmed sigma[33] | Σ∗+ c(2520) | u d c | 2517.5±2.3 | 1 | (3/2+) | +1 | 0 | +1 | 0 | >3.87×10−23[h] | Λ+ c + π0 |
| charmed sigma[33] | Σ∗0 c(2520) | d d c | 2518.48±0.20 | 1 | (3/2+) | 0 | 0 | +1 | 0 | 4.30+0.15 −0.11×10−23[h] | Λ+ c + π− |
| bottom sigma[34] | Σ∗+ b | u u b | 5830.32±0.27 | (1) | (3/2+) | +1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | (7.0±0.4)×10−23[h] | Λ0 b + π+ |
| bottom sigma[e] | Σ∗0 b | u d b | unknown | (1) | (3/2+) | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| bottom sigma[34] | Σ∗− b | d d b | 5834.74±0.30 | (1) | (3/2+) | −1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | (6.3±0.5)×10−23[h] | Λ0 b + π− |
| xi[35] | Ξ∗0 (1530) | u s s | 1531.80±0.32 | 1/2 | 3/2+ | 0 | −2 | 0 | 0 | (7.23±0.40)×10−23[h] | Ξ0 + π0 or Ξ− + π+ |
| xi[35] | Ξ∗− (1530) | d s s | 1535.0±0.6 | 1/2 | 3/2+ | −1 | −2 | 0 | 0 | 6.6+1.3 −1.1×10−23[h] | Ξ0 + π− or Ξ− + π0 |
| charmed xi[36] | Ξ∗+ c(2645) | u s c | 2645.56+0.24 −0.30 | (1/2) | (3/2+) | +1 | −1 | +1 | 0 | (3.08±0.28)×10−22[h] | Ξ+ c + π0 (seen) |
| charmed xi[36] | Ξ∗0 c(2645) | d s c | 2646.38+0.20 −0.23 | (1/2) | (3/2+) | 0 | −1 | +1 | 0 | (2.80±0.22 ± 0.16)×10−22[h] | Ξ+ c + π− (seen) |
| double charmed xi† | Ξ∗++ cc | u c c | unknown | (1/2) | (3/2+) | +2 | 0 | +2 | 0 | unknown | unknown |
| double charmed xi† | Ξ∗+ cc | d c c | unknown | (1/2) | (3/2+) | +1 | 0 | +2 | 0 | unknown | unknown |
| bottom xi[37] | Ξ∗0 b | u s b | 5952.3±0.6 | (1/2) | (3/2+) | 0 | −1 | 0 | −1 | (7.31±1.34 ± 0.66)×10−22[h] | Ξ− b + π+ (seen) |
| bottom xi[38] | Ξ∗− b | d s b | 5955.33±0.12 ± 0.05 | (1/2) | (3/2+) | −1 | −1 | 0 | −1 | (3.99±0.78 ± 0.24)×10−22[h] | Ξ0 b + π− (seen) |
| double bottom xi† | Ξ∗0 bb | u b b | unknown | (1/2) | (3/2+) | 0 | 0 | 0 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
| double bottom xi† | Ξ∗− bb | d b b | unknown | (1/2) | (3/2+) | −1 | 0 | 0 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom xi† | Ξ∗+ cb | u c b | unknown | (1/2) | (3/2+) | +1 | 0 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom xi† | Ξ∗0 cb | d c b | unknown | (1/2) | (3/2+) | 0 | 0 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| omega[39] | Ω− | s s s | 1672.45±0.29 | 0 | 3/2+ | −1 | −3 | 0 | 0 | (8.21±0.11)×10−11[h] | Λ0 + K− or Ξ0 + π− or Ξ− + π0 |
| charmed omega[40] | Ω∗0 c(2770) | s s c | 2765.9±2.0 | 0 | (3/2+) | 0 | −2 | +1 | 0 | unknown | Ω0 c + γ |
| bottom omega† | Ω∗− b | s s b | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | −1 | −2 | 0 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| double charmed omega† | Ω∗+ cc | s c c | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | +1 | −1 | +2 | 0 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed bottom omega† | Ω∗0 cb | s c b | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | 0 | −1 | +1 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| double bottom omega† | Ω∗− bb | s b b | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | −1 | −1 | 0 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
| triple charmed omega† | Ω++ ccc | c c c | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | +2 | 0 | +3 | 0 | unknown | unknown |
| double charmed bottom omega† | Ω∗+ ccb | c c b | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | +1 | 0 | +2 | −1 | unknown | unknown |
| charmed double bottom omega† | Ω∗0 cbb | c b b | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | 0 | 0 | +1 | −2 | unknown | unknown |
| triple bottom omega† | Ω− bbb | b b b | unknown | (0) | (3/2+) | −1 | 0 | 0 | −3 | unknown | unknown |
†^ Particle has not yet been observed.
[h]^ PDG reports theresonance width (Γ). Here the conversionτ = ħ/Γ is given instead.
This table gives the name, quantum numbers (where known), and experimental status of baryon resonances confirmed by thePDG.[41] Baryonresonance particles (including all not in the above two tables) are excited baryon states with short half lives and higher masses. Despite significant research, the fundamental degrees of freedom behind baryon excitation spectra are still poorly understood.[42] The spin-parityJP (when known) is given with each particle. For the strongly decaying particles, theJP values are considered to be part of the names, as is the mass for all resonances.
| Nucleons | Δ particles | Λ particles | Σ particles | Ξ and Ω particles | Charmed particles | Bottom particles | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | 1⁄2+ | **** | Δ(1232) | 3⁄2+ | **** | Λ | 1⁄2+ | **** | Σ+ | 1⁄2+ | **** | Ξ0 | 1⁄2+ | **** | Λ+ c | 1⁄2+ | **** | Λ0 b | 1⁄2+ | *** |
| n | 1⁄2+ | **** | Δ(1600) | 3⁄2+ | **** | Λ(1405) | 1⁄2− | **** | Σ0 | 1⁄2+ | **** | Ξ− | 1⁄2+ | **** | Λc(2595)+ | 1⁄2− | *** | Λb(5912)0 | 1⁄2− | *** |
| N(1440) | 1⁄2+ | **** | Δ(1620) | 1⁄2− | **** | Λ(1520) | 3⁄2− | **** | Σ− | 1⁄2+ | **** | Ξ(1530) | 3⁄2+ | **** | Λc(2625)+ | 3⁄2− | *** | Λb(5920)0 | 3⁄2− | *** |
| N(1520) | 3⁄2− | **** | Δ(1700) | 3⁄2− | **** | Λ(1600) | 1⁄2+ | *** | Σ(1385) | 3⁄2+ | **** | Ξ(1620) | * | Λc(2765)+ | * | Σb | 1⁄2+ | *** | ||
| N(1535) | 1⁄2− | **** | Δ(1750) | 1⁄2+ | * | Λ(1670) | 1⁄2− | **** | Σ(1480) | * | Ξ(1690) | *** | Λc(2860)+ | 3⁄2+ | *** | Σ* b | 3⁄2+ | *** | ||
| N(1650) | 1⁄2− | **** | Δ(1900) | 1⁄2− | *** | Λ(1690) | 3⁄2− | **** | Σ(1560) | ** | Ξ(1820) | 3⁄2− | *** | Λc(2880)+ | 5⁄2+ | *** | Ξ0 b,Ξ− b | 1⁄2+ | *** | |
| N(1675) | 5⁄2− | **** | Δ(1905) | 5⁄2+ | **** | Λ(1710) | 1⁄2+ | * | Σ(1580) | 3⁄2− | * | Ξ(1950) | *** | Λc(2940)+ | 3⁄2− | *** | Ξ'b(5935)− | 1⁄2+ | *** | |
| N(1680) | 5⁄2+ | **** | Δ(1910) | 1⁄2+ | **** | Λ(1800) | 1⁄2− | *** | Σ(1620) | 1⁄2− | * | Ξ(2030) | ≥ 5/2? | *** | Σc(2455) | 1⁄2+ | **** | Ξb(5945)0 | 3⁄2+ | *** |
| N(1700) | 3⁄2− | *** | Δ(1920) | 3⁄2+ | *** | Λ(1810) | 1⁄2+ | *** | Σ(1660) | 1⁄2+ | *** | Ξ(2120) | * | Σc(2520) | 3⁄2+ | *** | Ξb(5955)− | 3⁄2+ | *** | |
| N(1710) | 1⁄2+ | **** | Δ(1930) | 5⁄2− | *** | Λ(1820) | 5⁄2+ | **** | Σ(1670) | 3⁄2− | **** | Ξ(2250) | ** | Σc(2800) | *** | Ω− b | 1⁄2+ | *** | ||
| N(1720) | 3⁄2+ | **** | Δ(1940) | 3⁄2− | ** | Λ(1830) | 5⁄2− | **** | Σ(1690) | ** | Ξ(2370) | ** | Pc(4380)+ | * | ||||||
| N(1860) | 5⁄2+ | ** | Δ(1950) | 7⁄2+ | **** | Λ(1890) | 3⁄2+ | **** | Σ(1730) | 3⁄2+ | * | Ξ(2500) | * | Ξ+ c | 1⁄2+ | *** | Pc(4450)+ | * | ||
| N(1875) | 3⁄2− | *** | Δ(2000) | 5⁄2+ | ** | Λ(2000) | * | Σ(1750) | 1⁄2− | *** | Ξ0 c | 1⁄2+ | *** | |||||||
| N(1880) | 1⁄2+ | *** | Δ(2150) | 1⁄2− | * | Λ(2020) | 7⁄2+ | * | Σ(1770) | 1⁄2+ | * | Ω− | 3⁄2+ | **** | Ξ′+ c | 1⁄2+ | *** | |||
| N(1895) | 1⁄2− | **** | Δ(2200) | 7⁄2− | *** | Λ(2050) | 3⁄2− | * | Σ(1775) | 5⁄2− | **** | Ω(2250)− | *** | Ξ′0 c | 1⁄2+ | *** | ||||
| N(1900) | 3⁄2+ | **** | Δ(2300) | 9⁄2+ | ** | Λ(2100) | 7⁄2− | **** | Σ(1840) | 3⁄2+ | * | Ω(2380)− | ** | Ξc(2645) | 3⁄2+ | *** | ||||
| N(1990) | 7⁄2+ | ** | Δ(2350) | 5⁄2− | * | Λ(2110) | 5⁄2+ | *** | Σ(1880) | 1⁄2+ | ** | Ω(2470)− | ** | Ξc(2790) | 1⁄2− | *** | ||||
| N(2000) | 5⁄2+ | ** | Δ(2390) | 7⁄2+ | * | Λ(2325) | 3⁄2− | * | Σ(1900) | 1⁄2− | * | Ξc(2815) | 3⁄2− | *** | ||||||
| N(2040) | 3⁄2+ | * | Δ(2400) | 9⁄2− | ** | Λ(2350) | 9⁄2+ | *** | Σ(1915) | 5⁄2+ | **** | Ξc(2930) | * | |||||||
| N(2060) | 5⁄2− | *** | Δ(2420) | 11⁄2+ | **** | Λ(2585) | ** | Σ(1940) | 3⁄2+ | * | Ξc(2980) | *** | ||||||||
| N(2100) | 1⁄2+ | *** | Δ(2750) | 13⁄2− | ** | Σ(1940) | 3⁄2− | *** | Ξc(3055) | *** | ||||||||||
| N(2120) | 3⁄2− | *** | Δ(2950) | 15⁄2+ | ** | Σ(2000) | 1⁄2− | * | Ξc(3080) | *** | ||||||||||
| N(2190) | 7⁄2− | **** | Σ(2030) | 7⁄2+ | **** | Ξc(3123) | * | |||||||||||||
| N(2220) | 9⁄2+ | **** | Σ(2070) | 5⁄2+ | * | |||||||||||||||
| N(2250) | 9⁄2− | **** | Σ(2080) | 3⁄2+ | ** | Ω0 c | 1⁄2+ | *** | ||||||||||||
| N(2300) | 1⁄2+ | ** | Σ(2100) | 7⁄2− | * | Ωc(2770)0 | 3⁄2+ | *** | ||||||||||||
| N(2570) | 5⁄2− | ** | Σ(2250) | *** | Ωc(3000)0 | *** | ||||||||||||||
| N(2600) | 11⁄2− | *** | Σ(2455) | ** | Ωc(3050)0 | *** | ||||||||||||||
| N(2700) | 13⁄2+ | ** | Σ(2620) | ** | Ωc(3065)0 | *** | ||||||||||||||
| Σ(3000) | * | Ωc(3090)0 | *** | |||||||||||||||||
| Ωc(3120)0 | *** | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ξ+ cc | * | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ξ++ cc | *** | |||||||||||||||||||
| **** | Existence is certain, and properties are at least fairly well explored. |
| *** | Existence ranges from fairly certain to certain, but further confirmation is desirable, and/or quantum numbers, branching fractions, etc. are not well determined. |
| ** | Evidence of existence is only fair. |
| * | Evidence of existence is poor. |
| Elementary |
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| Composite |
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| Quasiparticles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lists | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
