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List of assassinations by firearm

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a list ofassassinations by firearm detailing the firearms used in the killings of politicians and key social and cultural figures.

Year	Location of attack	Victim	Attacker	Weapon	Notes
1536	London,England	Robert Pakington, Member of Parliament	Unknown	Wheellock pistol^[1]	Believed by some to be the first political assassination ever to be performed with a firearm.^[2]
1570	Linlithgow,Scotland	James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, Regent of Scotland	James Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh	Matchlock carbine^[3]
1584	Delft,Netherlands	William the Silent, Prince of Orange	Balthasar Gerard	Wheellock pistol
1792	Stockholm,Sweden	Gustav III. King of Sweden	Jacob Johan Anckarström	Flintlock pistol
1812	London,United Kingdom	Prime MinisterSpencer Perceval	John Bellingham	Screw-barrel .50 caliber flint-lock pistol^[4]	The only British prime minister to be assassinated. Bellingham bought a pair of half-inch bore pistols from gunsmith W. Beckwith of Snow Hill, for four guineas.^[5]
1830	São Paulo,São Paulo Province,Empire of Brazil	Libero Bardaró	Disputed	Blunderbuss
1859	Lake Merced,United States	SenatorDavid C. Broderick	David S. Terry	.58 caliber pistol^[6]	Killed in a duel after his pistol failed to fire.
1865	Washington, D.C.,United States	PresidentAbraham Lincoln	John Wilkes Booth	.44 calibre muzzleloadingderringer byHenry Deringer
1868	Ottawa,Canada	Thomas D'Arcy McGee	MPPatrick J. Whelan	.32 rimfireSmith & Wesson Army revolver^[7]^[8]
1880	Toronto,Canada	George Brown, Premier ofCanada West	George Bennett (murderer)	"Colt revolver"^[9]
1881	Washington, D.C.,United States	PresidentJames A. Garfield	Charles Guiteau	.44 caliberBritish bulldog revolver
1882	Baldwyn,United States	W. H. H. Tison, Speaker of theMississippi House of Representatives	J. Edward Sanders	"Double-barrel shotgun"	Killed in retaliation for an alleged assault by his brother S. H. Tison.^[10]
1896	Tehran,Persia	ShahNaser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia	Mirza Reza Kermani	Revolver
1897	Madrid,Spain	Prime MinisterAntonio Cánovas del Castillo	Michele Angiolillo	11.17mm Webley British Bulldog revolver^[11]
1897	Rio de Janeiro,Federal District of Brazil,Brazil	Carlos Machado de Bittencourt	Marcelino Bispo de Melo	Garrucha
1900	Monza,Italy	KingUmberto I of Italy	Gaetano Bresci	.32 S&W Iver-Johnson revolver
1901	Buffalo,United States	PresidentWilliam McKinley	Leon Czolgosz	.32 S&W Iver-Johnson revolver	Czolgosz purchased the weapon only three days prior to the assassination, for $4.50 (about $159.00 U.S. dollars in 2023 currency)^[12]) in a hardware store in Buffalo (the site of the attack). Newspaper clippings Czolgosz had collected prior noted that this particular model had been used by anarchistGaetano Bresci to assassinateKing Umberto I of Italy.^[13]
1903	Belgrade,Serbia	KingAlexander I of Serbia	Mihailo Ristić-Džervinac	Revolver
1904	Helsinki,Grand Duchy of Finland	GeneralNikolay Bobrikov	Eugen Schauman	FNBrowning M1900^[14]
1907	Sofia,Bulgaria	Prime MinisterDimitar Petkov	Alexander Petrov	Pistol
1908	Lisbon,Portugal	KingCarlos I of Portugal	Manuel Buíça	Winchester Model 1907 semi-automatic carbine chambered in.351 WSL	Serial number 2137,^[15] imported from Germany byHeitor Ferreira.^[16]
1908	Rio Branco,Acre,Brazil	José Plácido de Castro	Unknown	Firearm
1909	London,United Kingdom	Curzon Wyllie	Madan Lal Dhingra	Colt revolver^[17]
1909	Harbin,China	Resident-GeneralItō Hirobumi	An Jung-geun	FN M1900 pistol^{[citation needed]}
1910	Cairo, Egypt	Prime MinisterBoutros Ghali	Ibrahim Nassif al-Wardani
1913	Thessaloniki,Greece	KingGeorge I of Greece	Alexandros Schinas	Revolver.
1914	Sarajevo,Austria-Hungary	Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria	Gavrilo Princip	FN M1910 .380 ACP pistol^[18]	A letter dated April 2012 from Thomas Ilming, curator Waffen und Technik, Vienna Military Museum, who holds the actual Belgium made Browning (FN) M1910 semi-auto pistol caliber .380 ACP (9mm Kurz) s/n 19074 used by Princip. This semi-automatic pistol design allows the interchangeable barrels/receiver either 9mm Kurz or 7.65mm which probably creates some confusion as to caliber, some references state .32 ACP (7.65mm). Letter from the Museum in Vienna states emphatically that the caliber of the assassination weapon was 9mm Kurz.
1918	Lisbon,Portugal	PresidentSidónio Pais	José Júlio da Costa	Pistol
1919	Ciudad Ayala,Mexico	GeneralEmiliano Zapata	Jesús Guajardo and subordinates	Several rifles	Guajardo was an officer in theMexican Army who, on the orders of GeneralPablo González Garza, was ordered to pretend to lead his men to defect to Zapata's forces, and then kill Zapata. The assassination was therefore carried out with Guajardo's soldiers' service rifles.
1922	Berlin,Germany	Foreign MinisterWalther Rathenau	Erwin Kern	MP 18 submachine gun
1922	Warsaw,Poland	PresidentGabriel Narutowicz	Eligiusz Niewiadomski	Revolver
1923	Prague,Czechoslovakia	Minister for FinanceAlois Rašín	Josef Šoupal [cs]	6.35mm Browning-design pistol^[19]^[20]
1929	Bauru,São Paulo,Brazil	José Gomes Duarte [PT]	Moacir de Almeida	Pistol
1929	Rio de Janeiro,Federal District of Brazil,Brazil	Manuel Francisco de Sousa Filho [PT]	Ildefonso Simões Lopes [PT]	Firearm
1930	Recife,Pernambuco,Brazil	João Pessoa Cavalcânti de Albuquerque	João Duarte Dantas	Revolver
1932	Paris,France	PresidentPaul Doumer	Paul Gorguloff	FN Model 1910
1933	Miami,United States	Anton Cermak, mayor of Chicago, during possible attempted assassination ofFranklin D. Roosevelt	Giuseppe Zangara	.32 S&W revolver by theUnited States Revolver Company^[21]	On arriving in Miami, Zangara purchased the revolver for $8 from a pawnshop, along with ten cartridges.^[22]
1933	Lima,Peru	PresidentLuis Miguel Sánchez Cerro	Abelardo de Mendoza	Browning semi-automatic pistol^[23]
1934	Vienna,Austria	ChancellorEngelbert Dollfuss	Otto Planetta	Firearm
1934	Marseille,France	KingAlexander I of Yugoslavia	Vlado Chernozemski	Mauser pistol^[24]
1934	Leningrad,Soviet Union	Sergei Kirov	Leonid Nikolayev	Nagant M1895 revolver
1935	Baton Rouge,United States	SenatorHuey Long	Carl Weiss	FN Model 1910 .32 ACP semi-auto pistol^[25]
1938	Poço Redondo,Sergipe,Brazil	Virgulino Ferreira da Silva "Lampião"	Unknown	Bergmann MP-35 submachine gun
1938	Poço Redondo,Sergipe,Brazil	Maria Gomes de Oliveira "Maria Bonita"	José Panta de Godoy	Bergmann MP-35 submachine gun
1938	Paris,France	Ernst vom Rath	Herschel Grynszpan	6.35mm five-shot "hammerless" revolver^[26]	Purchased for 210 francs and a box of 25 bullets for 35 francs.^[27]
1940	London,United Kingdom	Michael O'Dwyer	Udham Singh	Smith & Wesson Triple Lock revolver^[28]	Singh had purchased the revolver from a soldier in a pub.^[29]
1942	Paris,France	AdmiralFrançois Darlan	Fernand Bonnier de La Chapelle	7.65mm French"Ruby" pistol^[30]
1944	Cairo,Egypt	Resident MinisterLord Moyne	Eliyahu Hakim	Nagant revolver^[31]
1948	New Delhi,India	Mahatma Gandhi	Nathuram Godse	.380 ACPBeretta 1934 pistol
1951	East Jerusalem,West Bank	KingAbdullah I of Jordan	Mustafa Shukri Ashu	Revolver
1951	Rawalpindi,Pakistan	Prime MinisterLiaquat Ali Khan	Sayyid Akbar Babrak	Mauser C96
1959	Colombo,Ceylon	Prime MinisterS. W. R. D. Bandaranaike	Talduwe Somarama Thero	.45 Webley Mark VI revolver
1963	Dallas,United States	PresidentJohn F. Kennedy	Lee Harvey Oswald	Italian military rifle, 6.5mmCarcano Model 91/38
1964	Ceres,Goiás,Brazil	Adib Shishakli	Nawaf Ghazaleh	Pistol
1965	New York City,United States	Malcolm X	Talmadge Hayer, William 25X Bradley, and others	onesawed off shotgun,M1911A1 and another semi automatic handgun
1968	Memphis,United States	Martin Luther King Jr.	James Earl Ray	Remington 760 Gamemaster chambered in.30-06 Springfield	Ray initially purchased an identical model in.243 Winchester, but returned it as too weak for his purposes.^[32]
1968	Los Angeles,United States	SenatorRobert F. Kennedy	Sirhan Sirhan	Eight-shotIver Johnson .22 calibre Cadet 55-A revolver	Serial number H-53725, Trial-People's Exhibit #6, misidentified in trial testimony as S/N H-18602
1969	Las Anod,Somalia	PresidentAbdirashid Ali Shermarke	Bodyguard	"Automatic rifle"^[33]
1975	Riyadh,Saudi Arabia	KingFaisal of Saudi Arabia	Faisal bin Musaid	Revolver^[34]
1978	San Francisco,United States	George Moscone andHarvey Milk	Dan White	.38 SpecialS&W Chiefs Special snub-nosed revolver^[35]	White, a former policeman, wielded the revolver he used to carry on the job.^[36]
1979	Seoul,South Korea	PresidentPark Chung-hee	Kim Jae-gyu	Walther PPK .32 ACP andSmith & Wesson Model 36 .38 Special^[37]	After his Walther PPK jammed, Kim retrieved a .38 revolver from his subordinate to kill Park.
1980	New York City,United States	John Lennon	Mark Chapman	.38 SpecialCharter Arms snubnosed revolver	Purchased at J&S Sales in Honolulu, Hawaii for $169^[38]
1981	Cairo,Egypt	PresidentAnwar El Sadat	Khalid Islambouli and co-conspirators	Egyptian-issueAK-47 rifles	One of the guns used in the killing had "In the name of Allah the avenger" inscribed on its barrel.^[39]
1983	Manila,Philippines	Benigno Aquino Jr.	Disputed	Smith & Wesson .357 Magnum revolver	It was reported that the manufacturer had shipped the pistol to the Thai National Trading Co. in Bangkok on September 25, 1970.
1984	Denver,United States	Alan Berg	Members of thewhite nationalist groupThe Order	Ingram MAC-10 pistol^[40]	The gun was illegally converted from semi to fully automatic^[41]
1984	New Delhi,India	Prime MinisterIndira Gandhi	BodyguardsSatwant Singh andBeant Singh	.38 Special service revolver, 9mmSAF carbine (Indian-producedSterling submachine gun)^[42]	Beant fired five shots from his service revolver, and Satwant followed with 25 shots of the carbine.^[43]
1986	Stockholm,Sweden	Prime MinisterOlof Palme	Unknown	.357 Magnum revolver	The shooter was never identified.
1986	Imperatriz,Maranhão,Brazil	Josimo Morais Tavares	Geraldo Rodrigues da Costa	Firearm
1988	Xapuri,Acre,Brazil	Francisco Alves "Chico" Mendes Filho	Darci Alves da Silva	20-gauge shotgun (maker and model unknown)
1992	São Paulo,São Paulo,Brazil	GovernorEdmundo Pinto	Unknown	Firearm
1992	Annaba,Algeria	President-electMohamed Boudiaf	Lambarek Boumaarafi	Submachine gun
1993	Boksburg,South Africa	Chris Hani	Janusz Waluś	Z-88 9mm pistol
1994	Tijuana,Mexico	Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta	Mario Aburto Martínez(disputed)	.38Taurus Model 85 revolver	Colosio was gunned down after a campaign speech rally in the Lomas Tairinas neighborhood of Tijuana. Police and government officials put Aburto as the main shooter but the latter claims others were involved but were never questioned.
1994	Kigali,Rwanda	Prime MinisterAgathe Uwilingiyimana	Members of theFAR	Unknown	Her assassination was ordered by ColonelThéoneste Bagosora.^[44]
1995	Corpus Christi, Texas,United States	Selena Quintanilla-Pérez	Yolanda Saldívar	.38Taurus Model 85 revolver
1995	Tel Aviv,Israel	Prime MinisterYitzhak Rabin	Yigal Amir	Beretta 84F semi-automatic pistol
1996	Maceió,Alagoas,Brazil	Paulo César Farias	Unknown	Rossi model 874 .38 Special revolver
1998	Cookeville, Tennessee,United States	Tommy Burks	Byron Looper	9mm pistol
1999	Yerevan,Armenia	Prime MinisterVazgen Sargsyan	Nairi Hunanyan and co-conspirators	Kalashnikov AK-47 rifle
2000	Athens,Greece	BrigadierStephen Saunders	Members of theMarxist group17 November	.45 ColtM1911 pistol
2001	Kinshasa,Democratic Republic of Congo	PresidentLaurent-Désiré Kabila	Rashidi Mizele	Revolver
2001	Campinas,São Paulo,Brazil	Antonio da Costa Santos	Unknown	Firearm
2001	Governador Dix-Sept Rosado,Rio Grande do Norte,Brazil	Aguinaldo Pereira da Silva	Disputed	ArmaLite AR-15
2002	Juquitiba,São Paulo,Brazil	Celso Daniel	Unknown	Firearm
2002	Hilversum,Netherlands	Pim Fortuyn	Volkert van der Graaf	Star Firestar semi-automatic pistol
2003	Belgrade,Serbia and Montenegro	Prime MinisterZoran Đinđić	Zvezdan Jovanović	Heckler & Koch G3 rifle	Fired from a window 180m away.^[45]
2004	Amsterdam,Netherlands	Theo van Gogh	Mohammed Bouyeri	HS2000 semi-automatic pistol^[46]
2004	Columbus, Ohio,United States	"Dimebag" Darrell Abbott	Nathan Gale	Beretta 92FS pistol
2005	Anapu,Pará,Brazil	Dorothy Stang	Raifran das Neves Sales	Firearm
2009	Dubai,United Arab Emirates	Sulim Yamadayev	Unknown	Makarov pistol	The gold-plated pistol was left at the scene.^[47]
2010	Jandira,São Paulo,Brazil	Walderi Braz Paschoalin [PT]	Unknown	AK-47
2011	Caloocan,Philippines	Reynaldo Dagsa	Arnel Buenaflor	9mm pistol	The pistol was sold back to the dealer the day after the murder.^[48]
2012	Bayamon,Puerto Rico	Hector "Macho" Camacho	Five people have been arrested and accused of his murder^[49]	Firearm
2015	Belfast,United Kingdom	Gerard "Jock" Davison	Unknown	Makarov pistol	ThePSNI reported that the use of a Makarov was "unusual"^[50]
2016	Orlando, Florida,United States	Christina Grimmie	Kevin Loibl	Glock 19 Gen 4 9mm pistol
2016	Birstall,United Kingdom	Jo Cox	Thomas Mair	Weihrauch .22 shotgun^[51]
2016	Itumbiara,Goiás,Brazil	José Gomes da Rocha	Gilberto Ferreira do Amaral	Pistol
2016	Ankara,Turkey	Andrei Karlov	Mevlüt Mert Altıntaş	Canik 55 TP9 handgun	Altıntaş was an off duty police officer and used his service weapon in the attack.
2018	Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil	Marielle Franco	Ronald Paulo Alves Pereira andAdriano Magalhães da Nóbrega	Heckler & Koch MP5
2018	Vitória,Espírito Santo,Brazil	Gerson Camata	Marcos Vinícius Moreira Andrade	Firearm	^[52]
2019	Gurabo,Puerto Rico	Jose Garcia Cosme	Unknown	Firearm
2019	Araribóia Indigenous Territory,Maranhão,Brazil	Paulo Paulino Guajajara	Illegal loggers	Firearm
2022	Nara,Nara Prefecture,Japan	Shinzo Abe	Tetsuya Yamagami	Improvised firearm
2023	Quito,Pichincha,Ecuador	Fernando Villavicencio	Colombian hitmen^[53]	9mm pistol
2023	Simões Filho,Bahia,Brazil	Mãe Bernadete	Unknown	Firearm	^[54]
2024	New York City, New York,United States	Brian Thompson	Luigi Mangione (suspect)	Glock 19 with 3D printed suppressor	^[55]
2025	Brooklyn Park, Minnesota,United States	Melissa Hortman	Vance Boelter (suspect)	Beretta 92	The victim's husband was also killed. Another senator was shot non-fatally.^[56]
2025	Orem, Utah,United States	Charlie Kirk	Tyler Robinson (suspect)	.30-06 Mauser M98 bolt action rifle (black, with scope)

References

[edit]

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^Miguel Sánches de Baêna; Manuel II (King of Portugal) (1990).Diário de D. Manuel: e estudo sobre o regicídio. Alfa. p. 237.Então já o Sr. Heitor Ferreira confessa 'ter importado a carabina do regicida Buíça', dourando essa confissão, com a atenuante de a ter 'vendido
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^Geoffrey Abbott (17 April 2007).What a Way to Go: The Guillotine, the Pendulum, the Thousand Cuts, the Spanish Donkey, and 66 Other Ways of Putting Someone to Death. St. Martin's Press. pp. 99–.ISBN 978-0-312-36656-8.
^Coronet. David A. Smart. February 1960. p. 107.
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^Ramsey, Winston (28 February 2012).Scenes Of Murder: Then And Now. After the Battle.ISBN 978-1-3990-7705-7.
^The Murders of the Black Museum: 1870–1970ISBN 978-1-854-71160-1 p. 365
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^John Larry Ray; Lyndon Barsten (1 April 2008).Truth at last: the untold story of James Earl Ray and the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. Lyons Press.ISBN 978-1-59921-284-5.Archived from the original on 23 July 2014. Retrieved11 October 2016.
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^Erik Larson (27 July 2011).Lethal Passage: The Story of a Gun. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 61.ISBN 978-0-307-80331-3.
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^Asian Recorder. K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press. 1985.
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^Laude, Pete (9 January 2011)."Dagsa murder not about revenge".Philstar Global.
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^"'Jock' Davison shot with Soviet-style gun, say Northern Ireland police".TheGuardian.com. 26 May 2015.
^Beever, Susie (10 October 2020)."Investigation into how Thomas Mair acquired gun used to kill Jo Cox officially shelved".The Yorkshire Post.
^"Gerson Camata, ex-governador do Espírito Santo, é assassinado em Vitória".El País Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 26 December 2018. Retrieved19 February 2024.
^Valencia, Alexandra (11 August 2023)."Fernando Villavicencio assassination: suspects are Colombian, police say".Reuters.Archived from the original on 11 August 2023. Retrieved11 August 2023.
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^Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Toler, Aric (12 December 2024)."When a Glock Isn't a Glock: The History of the Pistol Found With Luigi Mangione".The New York Times. Retrieved12 December 2024.At first glance, the gun in the police photographs — the one the authorities believe Luigi Mangione used to kill the chief executive of UnitedHealthcare — appears to be a Glock-19, a 9-millimeter semiautomatic pistol ...
But upon closer inspection, it is clear that the weapon was not factory-made, but was at least partially produced by a 3D printer. ...
^Haworth, Jon; Shapiro, Emily; Margolin, Josh (15 June 2025)."Minnesota lawmaker Melissa Hortman killed, State Sen. John Hoffman wounded in 'targeted political violence'".ABC News.

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