TheRemarkable Gardens of France is intended to be a list and description, by region, of the more than three hundred gardens classified as"Jardins remarquables" by theMinistry of Culture and theComité des Parcs et Jardins de France.[1]
Riedisheim –Park Alfred Wallach. Created in 1935 by Paris landscape architect Achille Duchêne; stairways connecting the different parts of the garden; and tree-shadedallées.(See photos)
Eymet –Park and Kitchen Garden of Pouthet. A small 18th-century château in the valley of the Dropt River features an avenue ofcedar planted in 1860;cyclamen,crocus andjonquil in season; and a garden of vegetables and flowers grouped by color.(See pictures.)
Hautefort –Gardens of theChâteau de Hautefort. The château was reconstructed in the 17th century, and embellished with agarden à la française (jardin à la française). In 1853, the gardens were redone by the celebrated landscape architect the Count of Choulot, and the château, gardens and landscape were unified, with geometric flower gardens, topiary gardens imitating the domes of the château, and a long tunnel of greenery. Next to the formal gardens is a hill with an Italian garden with winding shaded paths. Notable trees in the park include aMagnolia grandiflora and aCedar of Lebanon.(See pictures)
Le Buisson-de-Cadouin –Garden of Planbuisson. The garden presents two hundred and sixty four different types ofbamboo, from dwarf bamboo to giant, as well as exotic trees, such asPaulownia fortunei. The garden is particularly attractive at the end of summer, autumn and winter.(See photos)
Saint-Cybranet –Gardens of Albarède An unusual modern garden, created by landscape architect Serge Lapouge. The garden features one thousand species adapted to the dry and rigorous climate and poor soil of the region. It presents fruit trees, aromatic plants, atopiary garden, old types of vegetables and roses, as well as examples of the rural architecture of thePérigord region.(see photos)
Thonac –Gardens of theChâteau de Losse. The pleasure garden of a Renaissance château next to theVézère River, with gardens atop the walls overlooking the river, a tunnel of vines, a fine rose garden, a courtyard with squares planted withlavender, edged withrosemary, and guarded bycypress trees.
Vézac –Gardens of Marqueyssac. Built in the 17th century by Bertrand Vernet, Counselor to the King. The original garden was created by a pupil ofAndré Le Nôtre, and featured gardens, terraces, and a kitchen garden surrounding the château. A grand promenade one hundred meters long was added at the end of the 18th century. Beginning in 1866, the new owner, Julien de Cerval, who was inspired by Italian gardens, built rustic structures, redesigned the parterres, laid out five kilometers of walks, and planted pines and cypress trees.(See Photos)
Terrasson-Lavilledieu –Gardens of the Imagination (fr:Jardins de l'Imaginaire). This contemporary garden, a public park of the town of Terrasson, was designed in 1996 by landscape architectKathryn Gustafson to present thirteen tableaux of the myths and legends of the history of gardens. It uses simple natural elements; trees, flowers, water and stone to suggest the passage of mankind from nature to agriculture to the city. It uses a symbolic sacred wood, a rose garden, topiary art, and fountains to tell the story.(See Pictures)
Vélines –Gardens of Sardy. A small garden from the 1950s built around a country house, with a shaded terrace for tea, and intimate landscapes and views inspired by English and Italian gardens.
Issac –Gardens of the Château de Montréal. The château was built in 1535, in the Renaissance style, on the site of a fortress dating to the 13th and 14th centuries. The gardens were built upon the ramparts of the fortress at the beginning of the 20th century by Achille Duchêne. The lower garden is in the Italian style, and featureshibiscus andyew trees, and walls covered with white roses and whiteclematis. The upper garden is ajardin à la française, with ornamental flower beds and a topiary garden. The garden was badly damaged by a storm in 1999, and has been replanted.(see pictures)
Urval –Gardens of la Bourlie. Originating as the gardens of the château of a noble family ofPérigord in the 14th century, the original 17th-century gardens featured a kitchen garden and an early French ornamental garden surrounded by a wall. Later, in the 18th century, a grand axis between the village and the woods was created, along with an alley oflinden trees, and a topiaryallée of yew trees. In the 19th century aFrench landscape garden was added, with coniferous trees and varied plants. The château also has fine collection of old roses and fruit trees.
Cussac-Fort-Médoc –Park of theChâteau Lanessan. The garden is surrounded by the vineyards of the château, in theMédoc wine region ofBordeaux. The château and gardens were built in 1878 by the architect Duphot. The gardens are in the English style, with avenues, lawns, and cedar,cypress andplane trees.(see photos)
Portets –Gardens of the Château de Mongénan. The château was built in 1736 and the botanical gardens created in 1741 by the Baron de Gasq, inspired by his friend and music teacherJean-Jacques Rousseau and the theories of the botanistLinnaeus, who believed that all plants were valuable, whether they were ornamental, medicinal, wild, or for food. The garden was made to resemble the ideal pre-romantic garden Rousseau described inLa Nouvelle Héloïse, full of aromas and colors. The current garden is kept as it was in the 18th century, with vegetables of the era, local varieties of fruit trees, 18th-century varieties of roses,asters,irises,dahlias, aromatic plants, and plants used to makeperfume. Thetuberoses andjasmine fill the gardens with their aromas.
Preignac –Gardens of the Château de Malle. These gardens, adjoining a château famous for itssauterne wines, were designed between 1717 and 1724 by Alexandre Eutrope de Lur Saluces, and are considered among the finest gardens of the French classical age. They were inspired by the gardens that he saw inFlorence during his grand tour of Italy and his time spent at the court inVersailles. The park has a wide central axis and two terraces, with groups of statues and vases. The statues were done by Italian artists brought there for that purpose in the early part of the 18th century, and represent figures fromGreek mythology:Cephalus,Aurora,Cupid,Aphrodite (Venus),Adonis, andFlora, the goddess of flowers and gardens. Other statues represent wine-making, the joys of the hunt and fishing, wine and intoxication. To the east of the first terrace is a small theatre, decorated with figures from the Italiancommedia dell'arte:Pantalone,Scaramouche andHarlequin. A stairway leads to a second terrace decorated with statues symbolising of earth, wind, air and fire.[2](see photos)
Vayres –Gardens of the Château de Vayres. The château was built on a mound on the edge of the Dordogne River in the 15th century, then rebuilt in the Renaissance when it was given by KingHenry IV to the Gourgues family. It was rebuilt one more time at the end of the 17th century. The gardens were rebuilt in 1938 by the landscape architect Ferdinand Duprat. A monumental stairway leads from the château across the old moat to the French gardens by the river, where there areparterres bordered with hedges ofyew, andboxwood trees clipped into cone shapes. There is also a flower garden of medieval inspiration, and an English-style park, with cedar,oak,linden,hornbeam andcopper beech trees.
Dax –Park of Sarrat. The park, formerly the home and garden of architect René Guichemerre, was created by him from the 1950s until his death in 1988. It contains his modern house, inspired by the architectsRichard Neutra andFrank Lloyd Wright; an impressive alley ofplane trees; a French garden with fountain and cascade; an extensive kitchen garden; and a botanical garden with 320 kinds of trees, many of them rare.
Le Temple-sur-Lot – TheGardens of Latour-Marliac, created in 1870 byJoseph Bory Latour-Marliac, are devoted entirely to different species ofaquatic plants, particularly thewater lily. The gardens feature agrotto, a cascade, thermal springs, a wide variety of tropical vegetation, and the oldest nursery for aquatic plants in the world. In 1894, The Gardens of Latour-Marliac furnished the water lilies for the garden ofClaude Monet inGiverny.
Cambo-les-Bains –Gardens of the Villa Arnaga. These gardens were created beginning in 1903 by the French playwrightEdmond Rostand, the author ofCyrano de Bergerac, next to his home, which is now the Edmond Rostand Museum. The house, in theBasque style, looks out at thePyrenees. To the east of the house is a formal geometric French garden, with fountains, statues, three basins, atopiary garden, anorangerie, abelvedere apergola, and a "poet's corner". The garden has colorful annual displays ofrhododendrons andazaleas. Around the French garden is a wooded English landscape garden, with clusters ofoak,maple,chestnut,walnut,linden, andfir trees. The park descends to banks of the River Arraga, where there is a picturesque water mill.
Momas –Garden of the Château de Momas. The château is surrounded by gardens inspired by medieval gardens; with sculptures, fountains, a kitchen garden and an aromatic garden; old varieties of fruits and vegetables, and two-hundred-year-old oak and fig trees.(see photos)
Viven –Gardens of the Château de Viven. The château was first mentioned in the 11th century; it was completely rebuilt in the 18th century. The gardens were redesigned after the original plan in 1988. The French garden features a colorful mosaic of 2,500begonias, and more than a thousandroses, adorned with hedges and topiary gardens, a fountain and a pavilion. There are annual displays ofcamellias,azaleas,rhododendrons,hydrangeas, andbougainvilleas.
Villeneuve-sur-Allier – TheArboretum de Balaine is the oldest private botanical garden in France. It was begun in 1804, but largely was the creation of Aglaé Adanson, the daughter of French naturalistMichel Adanson, who was responsible for thePetit Trianon botanical garden ofLouis XV. She settled there in 1812, at the age of thirty, and established it as one of the earliest acclimatization gardens in France, designed to accustom exotic plants from France's colonies to the climate of France. Despite the blockade ofNapoleon's Europe by the British fleet, Adanson was able to assemble a remarkable collection of plants from around the world. The garden features a romantic promenade around a pond, and more than 2,500 specimens of trees and plants, including agiant sequoia tree fromCalifornia six and a half metres in diameter, abald cypress thirty-five metres high, and aSpanish fir planted before 1850. In spring, the garden has colorful displays ofcamellias,rhododendrons,magnolias,dove tree,viburnum, anddogwoods. In the fall the garden is noted for itsirises, old varieties of roses, andhydrangeas.
Issoire – TheGardens of the Château d'Hauterive were originally part of the domaine of the Abbey of Issoire, founded in the 10th century. The present buildings date to the late 17th century; documents and old watercolors show that the gardens existed in 1680–1691, with much the same plan as today. The gardens are a classical composition of lawns, avenues, eightparterres around a central basin, hedges, and small groves of trees. Flowers includepeonies,irises,lilies,delphiniums,sage,lupins anddahlias. The gardens were badly damaged in the storm of December 1999, when 500 to 700 trees were uprooted or broken. The gardens are being restored.(see photos)
Romagnat –Gardens of theChâteau d'Opme. The château was first built in the 11th century, and belonged to the Counts and then the Dauphins ofAuvergne. It was rebuilt in the 17th century by Antoine de Ribeyre, treasurer to the King. The garden dates to 1617. The garden has two parts; a classical garden in the French style, with a circular basin, fountain, and lawns and tree-shaded alleys; and a lowerRenaissance garden with fruit trees, flower beds and vegetable gardens laid out in geometric designs. The two parts of the garden are connected by an unusual stone stairway with two revolutions. The fountain with two basins dates to 1617, and is attributed toAndrouet du Cerceau.
Arceau –Gardens of the Château d'Arcelot. The gardens, located on a gentle slope between the château and a large pond, were created in 1805 by architect Jean-Marie Morel. They feature a Chinese pavilion, old trees, including a giantbald cypress large enough to hold a man inside; and anorangerie, with vegetable gardens and an orchard.
Athie –The Mill of Athie. The mill was built in the 16th century and continued to operate until the early 20th century, when it was converted into a cheese-dairy. The garden was created in the late 1970s. It contains a large variety of trees, includingchestnuts,maples, andsequoias; four hundred fifty varieties ofroses, including three hundred old varieties; one hundred kinds ofpeonies; agloriette; a pond ofwater lilies; andtopiary shrubs.
Talmay –Garden of the Château de Talmay. The château is from the mid-18th century; the gardens date to 1752. The gardens have 280 apple and pear trees carved into the shape of bowls; alabyrinth of box trees; hedges ofhornbeam; eight giant plane trees planted in 1752; and alleys ofpeonies, irises androses.
An English landscape park, a classic French garden, and a modern garden of fountains and basins are placed between a medieval château and a busy canal. The garden has anorangerie with rows of fruit trees and hedges beside the canal; a traditional kitchen garden; and boxwood hedges sculpted into shapes like flocks of sheep.(see photos)
A site of an old ironforge, dating from 1660 and 1820, beside the riverNièvre, restored in 1981–1990 and turned into gardens. They feature an English landscape garden, a kitchen garden, flower beds, and many monumental old trees, including a two hundred and fifty year oldplane tree.
The original gardens had been completely abandoned, and were recreated beginning in 1994 following the inspiration of the 17th-century and 18th-century gardens of the school ofLe Nôtre. The garden is laid out in three terraces; the first terrace contains two lawns with sculptedyew trees at the angles; the second has a secret garden, withboxwood hedges, old roses, and a palisadedfig tree; and the third is divided into flower beds and lawns separated by palisades and rows of fruit trees.
A private garden of one hectare in the English and contemporary styles, created beginning in 2000 by a couple passionate about gardening, which takes perfect advantage of its hilly site. The wooded portions contain twenty varieties ofmaple, 10 varieties ofbirch, andoak, conifers,beech, andhornbeam. Bushes and flowers include hydrangeas, dogwood, dahlias and three hundred varieties of roses.(see photos)
The château was built in the 17th century, rebuilt in the 19th century, then restored in the 20th century to the way it looked in the 18th century. The gardens, in the French style, feature squares of white and pink roses and lavender; large terraces of flower beds; a fountain with statues by Jean de Bologne from the fountain of Neptune in Florence; a long perspective; a folly called "The Tower of the Demoiselles"; and an elliptical rose garden, with over 1300 rosebushes in pastel colors around a basin.
The present château and gardens in the French style were created in the 18th century, and restored in the 20th century. Parts of château date to the 16th century. The principal feature of the garden is a grand avenue from the gate to the château lined by yew trees shaped into cones, alternating with statues and vases. There are two secondary avenues of double rows of linden trees. The gardens also feature a large rectangle of chestnut trees providing shade, and avenues of hornbeam hedges 350 metres long on the west and south.
The 18th-century château is set in a French garden and a 35-hectare English landscape park, designed by the architectVeringuet. A notable feature is the neo-classical greenhouse, built in the 1830s. The French garden has boxedpalm trees and orange trees carved into the shape of half-domes and colombiers, copying the shape of the domes of the château. The English landscape park has four km of avenues, a variety of forest trees and exotic ornamental trees, a lake, a river and agrotto. The flower garden next to the greenhouse was redesigned in the 1920s by landscape architectAchille Duchêne, and the kitchen garden occupies the place of the former cemetery of the convent of theBrothers of Picpus, from the 18th century.
Sully -Park and Kitchen Gardens of the Château de Sully.
The château and gardens date to the 18th and 19th centuries, and combine elements of an English park forested avenues andgiant sequoias, with a classical 18th-century French garden (a kitchen garden, fruit trees, a grand avenue leading to the house, an ornamental forecourt and flower beds.)
A contemporary botanical garden with five themes; anethnobotanic garden, with historical plants useful to mankind; theGarden ofCharlemagne, with plants which the Emperor Charlemagne decreed be planted at every monastery in the Empire, as well as plants imported from the Americas (corn,tomatoes,potatoes); Thegarden of acclimatization, with new, unusual and forgotten kinds of plants; thegarden of scents, with wide variety of aromatic plants, and a tunnel ofroses,jasmine andclematis; and anaquatic garden, with both local aquatic plants and exotic water plants, such aswater lilies,lotus andpapyrus of theNile.
The park was originally the domaine of theJean-Baptiste Lambert, the treasurer of the superintendent of finances ofLouis XIV, who built a château there around 1641, and who commissionedLe Nôtre to design the gardens. The château was destroyed during theFrench Revolution of 1789. The park was purchased in 1843 by Pierre Carlier, the Chief of the French Police from 1849 to 1851, who helped organize thecoup d'état ofLouis Napoléon Bonaparte in 1852. He re-created the garden as it is today, with canals, a stream and cascade, hedges, roses, plane trees, fruit trees and flower beds.
A contemporary garden, inspired by medieval gardens, overlooking the estuary of the Trieux River. The centerpiece is a great oak, 350 years old, in the courtyard of the château. The garden features a medieval kitchen garden; a medicinal garden, a medieval flower garden; an avenue ofcamellias, with one thousand plants of 350 varieties;palm trees; a rose garden;jasmine,wisterias, grapevines, and an alley ofpergolas withhoneysuckle.(see photos)
A romantic English garden and botanical garden, created in 1965. It includes basins, cascades and a water staircase; Italian terraces; and a fine collection ofmagnolias,camellias,rhododendrons, and plants of Australia, New Zealand and the Mediterranean.(see photos)
Île de Batz –Garden of George Delasselle. Windswept sand dunes on the Breton coast were transformed into a subtropical oasis and garden in 1897, with many varieties ofcacti,palms and other plants from the northern and southern hemispheres. The garden was abandoned for thirty years, then restored beginning in 1987.(see photos)
Huelgoat –ThePoërop Arboretum. The arboretum was begun in 1993, in a hilly setting in the interior of Brittany. The most unusual feature is a garden of medicinal plants fromNepal and from theYunnan Province in China, which recreates a valley in theHimalaya mountains. It also includeseucalyptus trees and plants from Australia; a water garden with ducks and other water birds; sixty kinds ofbamboo; and a rose garden.
Quimper –Garden of the Château de Lanniron. TheChâteau de Lanniron was the former palace of the bishop ofQuimper. The gardens were created in the 17th century by Monseigneur de Coëtlogon between 1668 and 1670. They lie next to the River Odet, and retain their original 17th-century layout- three terraces, including one for flowers and one for vegetables, descending to the river; several basins, fountains and a canal. The gardens now include an arboretum, with an exceptional assortment of trees, including aMagnolia grandiflora,Ginkgo biloba,Cryptomeria japonica and agiant sequoia.(see photos)
Roscoff –TheExotic Garden of Roscoff. The exotic garden of the town of Roscoff was created beginning in 1986, around a massive rock eighteen meters high. It is dedicated tosubtropical andexotic plants, and contains over three thousand different plants from Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia, including many rare and endangered plants. The trees include one hundredeucalyptus from Australia.
Saint-Goazec –Park of the Château de Trevarez. The Château of red brick and gardens were created between 1894 and 1906 by the industrialist James Montjarret de Kerjégu. During World War II the château was requisitioned by the GermanU-boat fleet. It was bombed by theRAF in 1944, and the holes in the roof were not restored until the 1990s.
The château is best known for its flower gardens, on the esplanade by the château and the stables. It also has an English-style park, fountains, sculpture and a cascade, all recently restored.(see photos)
Antrain – ThePark of theChâteau de Bonnefontaine is a largeFrench landscape garden surrounding a restored 15th–16th-century château in the Breton Renaissance style. The garden was created beginning in 1860, when the château was restored. The garden and château are presently owned by the Count Merendec de Rohan Chabot. The 25-hectare garden consists of large natural spaces with perspectives and groves of trees, both local and exotic. The trees in the park includesequoias,bald cypresses,magnolias, cedars,palms, some three-hundred-year-oldchestnut andplane trees,fuchsias, roses,hortensias, andrhododendrons. The park is known for the chestnut tree of DuchessAnne of Brittany, the last Duchess of the region, who used to sit under the tree. The tree was uprooted by a storm in 1987.(see photos)
Bécherel –Park of thechâteau de Caradeuc. The château was built around 1723 by the father of the Procureur of Brittany,Louis-René Caradeuc de la Chatolais (1701–1785) in the classicalregency style, French landscape park. At the end of the 19th century, the new owner, Count René de Kernier, ancestor of the present owner, asked the famed landscape architectÉdouard André, best known for theParc des Buttes Chaumont in Paris, to design the garden you see today. In the 20th century, many pieces of sculpture were added to the garden, including a rare statue ofLouis XVI by the sculptorMolchenet and many figures from mythology, placed on the lawns and in niches in the boxwood hedges. The garden has long perspectives, lawns, avenues, a pavilion, kiosks and a grotto, as well as many fine stands of old trees, includinglindens andAmerican red oaks, and parterres of red and white roses.
Bréal-sous-Montfort –Gardens of Broceliande Created in 1995, this 24-hectare park contains French, English, botanical, flower and kitchen gardens. Highlights include 1000 varieties of irises, 400 kinds oflilacs; 150 oldapple trees; 60 types ofhortensias; 150 kinds ofdahlias; and 150oak andmaple trees.
Le Châtellier – TheGardens of Haute-Bretagne,Botanical garden of Upper Brittany. The Manor of Foltière, which stood in the gardens, was the headquarters of an uprising against the government of the French Republic in 1796 led by thecomte de Puisaye. In 1847, the land surrounding the pond in the park was redesigned as an English romantic landscape garden, with winding paths that followed the terrain, and a perspective from the lawn in front of the manor to the church tower of the village.
The botanical park is made up of 24 gardens and three parts : the Arcadia' gardens that refer to classical antiquity and recall the youth, the romantic gardens represent maturity and plenitude, the twilight' gardens offer a timeless composition which represents the old age. The gardens have over seven thousand varieties of plants, particularly those that grow well in an acid soil, includingcamellias,magnolias,rhododendrons andhydrangeas. The four hundred camellias reach their peak around 20 March, while theazaleas flower in April.(see photos)|Parc Botanique de Haute-Bretagne
Pleurtuit –Gardens of Montmarin. A manor in the picturesqueSaint-Malo style was built in 1760 by the Aaron Pierre Magon, Seigneur de Bosc, then sold to shipbuilder Benjamin Dubois in 1782. The original garden had four terraces of French gardens descending to theRance River. In 1885, the lower two terraces were turned into romantic gardens with many exotic plants, including palms and a 250-year-oldmagnolia. The garden was badly damaged by a storm in 1987, but has been restored.(see photos)
Landaul –Gardens of the Château de Kerambar'h. The château dates to the Middle Ages, whenBrittany was an independent state. The gardens were recreated from medieval manuscripts to the way they were between the 14th century and 16th century, laid out in a symmetrical pattern inspired by theCross of St. George and theCross of St. Andrew. The vegetable garden allowed the château to be independent. The liturgical garden provided flowers for the altar of the chapel. The Garden of the Third Flower was a reminder that flowers were a medieval symbol of virtue. The Capitulary Garden contained medicinal plants as well as edible plants. The Garden of Courtly Pleasures was designed to elevate the spirit. The garden contains ancient roses and a number of oak trees more than three hundred years old.
Lorient –Park Victor Chevassu. This English-style and botanical garden is on the site of former quarry and the early 20th-century estate of Lorient businessman Victor Chevassu. It was bought by the city of Lorient in 1973 for development, but after protests it was turned into a park and the old house and garden restored. Today it features a stream which flows into two ponds; a collection of exotic tropical ferns and giantbamboo; collections ofcamellias andrhododendrons; an animal park for children; large old oak trees; and colorful seasonal flowers in spring and summer.(see pictures)
Ainay-le-Vieil –Gardens of theChâteau d'Ainay-le-Vieil. The gardens feature a large collection of roses, a one-hectare island garden, a meditation garden, and a topiary garden of trees and shrubs carved into ornamental shapes.
Chassy –Gardens of theChâteau de Villiers. The château dates to the 17th and 18th centuries, and originally had a formal French floral garden laid out in parterres. The château and gardens were abandoned after theFrench Revolution, and restored beginning in 1985. Features include the floral gardens, roses, and a lake with wildherons.
Maisonnais –Gardens of the Priory of Notre-Dame-d'Orsan. The Priory was built in the 12th century, and rebuilt in the 16th and 17th centuries, then abandoned after the French Revolution. It was bought by two architects in 1992, who recreated the gardens in a modern form following the inspiration of medieval monasteries. It features a labyrinth of fruit trees, a pergola, and a cloister garden with a fountain symbolizing the source of the fourrivers of Paradise.
Loye-sur-Arnon –The Gardens of Drulon. The 15-hectare park is composed of six gardens on different themes, ornamented with modern sculpture. Features include the secret garden of the château, 500 different kinds of roses, and a marsh surrounded by paths and natural labyrinths created by grazing sheep. In 2004 and 2006 apeony garden with over 300 different tree peonies was created, making Drulon one of the biggest peony gardens of France. This new garden was completed with a large collection ofDavid Austin roses and an enormous number ofhemerocallis (day-lilies).
Illiers-Combray –The Pré Catelan. The forested park along theLoire River was created in the 19th century by Jules Amiot, the uncle of authorMarcel Proust. Proust played there as a child – in Proust's novelIn Search of Lost Time, the park is calledLe Parc de Swann. The lower part of the park has several small exotic ornamental structures, recallingAlgeria, where Amiot spent part of his life.
Bouges-le-Château –Gardens of theChâteau de Bouges. The château was built in 1765 on lands acquired by Charles-François Leblanc de Manarval, the master of the royal forges and the director of the royal manufacturer of cloth inChâteauroux, and was modeled after thePetit Trianon Palace in the domain of Versailles. After the French Revolution, the château became the property ofCharles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, the Foreign Minister of EmperorNapoleon. Talleyrand put it at the disposition ofDorothée de Courlande (1793–1862), a wealthy heiress who had been Talleyrand's mistress. and married Talleyrand's nephew. In 1917, the château was purchased by the industrialist Henry Viguier and his wife, Renée Normant, who restored it, decorated and refurnished it. The Viguiers, who had no children, left the house and its furniture to the French State.
The château has a park of eighty hectares, which include a landscape garden, an arboretum, large greenhouses, and a formal French garden. The château and the park were used as sets for scenes of the filmColonel Chabert withGérard Depardieu andFanny Ardant(see photos)
Nohant – TheGarden of theHouse of George Sand. The home and garden of writerGeorge Sand, purchased by the French State in 1961 and carefully restored to the way it was during the writer's life, when she hosted Frédéric Chopin, Delacroix, Balzac, and other great writers and artists of her time. It combines features of a utopian 18th-century French garden and a romantic English garden. It has a court of honor under a largeyew tree; an avenue that crosses the wooded park to a lake; a garden ofaromatic plants; a garden of cedar trees; and a garden of climbing roses.
Azay-le-Rideau – TheGardens of la Chatonnière are located three kilometers from the château ofAzay-le-Rideau. They were created beginning in 1993 around the restored medieval château de la Chatonnière by gardener Ahmed Azeroual, who was head gardener at theChâteau de Villandry for twenty years. They are composed of ten gardens, each with a different theme: Silence, the Senses, Fragrance, Intelligence, Elegance, Abundance, Water, Wonder, Luxuriance, and Romance. Features include apergola covered with roses, and an abundance ofclematis andwisterias.
Chenonceaux –Park and Gardens of theChâteau de Chenonceau. The château has two carefully restoredRenaissance gardens; that ofDiane de Poitiers (1499–1566), which still has its original fountain, and that ofCatherine de Médicis (1519–1589). It also possesses a circularmaze one hectare in area, created with two thousand yew trees a meter and thirty centimeters high, with agloriette in the middle, so those who reach the center can see the entire maze.
Chançay – ThePark and Gardens of the Château de Valmer belong to a domaine which produces the localVouvray wine. The gardens, in the French and Italian style, feature a colorful mixture of fruit trees, vegetable gardens and floral displays, ornamented with balustrades and fountains and a labyrinth. From August to October visitors can find a garden filled with giantsquash. There is also an underground chapel dating from 1524 in the garden.
La Riche –The Gardens of the Priory of Saint-Cosme.
Lémeré – TheGardens of theChâteau du Rivau surround a restored white stone castle built from the 13th century to the 15th century. They are composed of twelve different gardens, and feature a 16th-century fountain, modern sculpture, and amaze. Six thousand irises are in bloom in May, four hundred types ofroses in June, andpoppies and other flowers cover the fields around the château in summer.(see photos of the Gardens of Chateau Le Rivau)
Tours –The Prébendes d'Oë is a municipal landscape park andarboretum in the city ofTours. It was created by the Bühler brothers in 1874. It features a group ofbald cypresses, statues, and a bandstand.
Villandry –The gardens of theChâteau de Villandry. One of the grandest and most-visited of French gardens. The château was built in 1536 by Jean Le Breton, Minister of Finance ofFrancis I of France. It was modified in the 18th century, then purchased in 1906 byJoachim Carvallo. He and his descendants devoted their attention lavishly to the gardens over the last century. The gardens are laid out on three terraces, and feature a water garden, an ornamental vegetable garden, and severalsalons of ornamental plants, as well as a maze and a forest. Nine gardeners work full-time on the 1,200linden trees, nine hectares of garden, and fiFty-two kilometers of hedges.
Blois – Rose gardens and terraces of the bishop's residence.
Kitchen garden at Talcy
Cellettes –Garden of theChâteau de Beauregard. The Renaissance château features a Gallery of the Illustrious, 327 portraits of important personalities over three centuries. The contemporary garden, created by landscape architect Gilles Clément, is inspired by the gallery, and presents the colors, plant varieties and symbols of three centuries of gardens, in twelve different chambers of the garden.
Sasnières –Garden of Plessis Sasnières. A private botanical and English garden in a small valley, around a pond. The flower gardens are organized on the theme of colors. Other features include, basins full of trout, Japaneseprimroses, and colorful bushes in bloom in the spring.
Talcy – TheChâteau de Talcy. Talcy is not a large château, but a Renaissance country house of the style typical to the Loire Valley. The garden is a recreation of an 18th-century fruit orchard, largely of pear and apple trees, including many old varieties, with the trees cultivated in a variety of ornamental shapes and forms.
Ingrannes –Arboretum des Grandes Bruyères. A contemporaryarboretum of 12 hectares created within the forest ofOrléans in 1968, inspired by the work of British landscape architectGertrude Jekyll. The park features a topiary garden and a classic gardenà la française; tunnels covered with rose and clematis; and 4500 plants from the temperate zones of Europe, North America and Asia.
La Bussière –Garden of the Château de la Bussière. The garden adjoins a brick château built in the 17th century. The park was originally designed byAndré Le Nôtre, and restored in about 1911 by the landscape architectÉdouard André. The park features a recreation of an 18th-century kitchen garden, enclosed by walls, with old varieties of vegetables and fruits; and a largeFrench landscape garden, with a promenade beside a lake, and groves of old cedars,oaks,lindens trees andpourpres.
Meung-sur-Loire – TheArboretum des Prés des Culands, also called theConservatoire National d'Ilex, is a two-hectare landscape garden created in 1987 in a marsh along theLoire River betweenOrléans andBlois. It is composed of small islands connected by wooden bridges, featuring trees, bushes, flowers, and aquatic and semi-aquatic plants from Europe, China and Japan.See Photos
Nogent-sur-Vernisson –The Arboretum National des Barres. Formerly, the domain of the seed growers, the de Vilmorin family, the Arboretum has 35 hectares containing 2700 species of trees, bushes and plants, including a 46-meter highgiant sequoia and 70 varieties of oak and other venerable trees.
Triguères –Gardens of the Manor of Grand Courtoiseau. Six hectares of French, Italian and exotic gardens surround the 17th-century manor of Grand Courtoiseau. Features include old varieties of roses, atopiary garden, and an avenue of three-century-oldlinden trees.See photos
Barberey-Saint-Sulpice –Park and Garden of the Château de Barbery. The château was built in 1626 by Jean Ier de Mairat, in theLouis XIII style. The gardens were restored in 1965, and feature a French garden with hedges and topiary trees and hedges, and an English-style park with Italianpoplars,lindens,Atlas cedar(Cedrus atlantica 'glauca'), Americanoaks, and Virginiatulip trees.(See photos)
Nanteuil-la-Forêt –Jardin botanique de la Presle. A private botanical garden of two hectares created in 1998, featuring five hundred varieties of roses, and plants from North America, Europe and Asia.
Sézanne –Entre Cour et Jardin. A private garden surrounding an 18th-century residence in the vineyards of Champagne which once belonged to the Marquise de la Forge. The garden in the French classic style features sculpted hedges and bushes, fountains, and a colorful variety of seasonal flowers.
Thonnance-lès-Joinville (Haute-Marne) –Les Jardins de mon Moulin. Located next to an old mill, this one-hectare garden features a rose garden with 500 rosebushes; a water garden; a garden of white flowers; and a recreation of a medieval garden.
Arlay –The Park and the "Garden of Games" of the Château d'Arlay. The pre-romantic park was created in 1780, around the ruins of a château which had belonged to thelords of Chalon-Arlay, princes of theHouse of Orange. An avenue of linden trees leads to a hill where the ruins of the château overlook the vineyards. In 1996, the Garden of Games was created beside the château, with a bowling green, cascades of plants and flower gardens illustrating the theme of amusement.
Dole –Le Jardin à la Faulx. A contemporary private garden of one hectare, begun in 1983, devoted to the harmony of textures, colors, and compositions of both native and rare flowers, trees and bushes.
Battrans –Parc de l'Étang. A private arboretum of three hectares beside a pond, with 350 varieties of trees, bushes and flowers, created beginning in 1972.
Anjoutey –Roseraie du Châtelet. A private contemporary arboretum begun in 1990, located in an old glacial valley, featuring six hundred varieties of roses and a water garden with sixty-five types of bamboo.
Paris –The Garden of thePalais-Royal. The Palais-Royal was the residence ofCardinal Richelieu in the 17th century until his death in 1642. It was then the residence of the young KingLouis XIV and his brother, then of theOrléans family, until theFrench Revolution, when it was confiscated in 1793. The garden was created in 1731 by the architectVictor Louis and renovated in 1992 by landscape architect Mark Rudkin, who added new promenades and spaces for contemplation. The courtyard of columns designed byDaniel Buren was installed in 1986.(see photos)
Coulée verte René-Dumont – This linear park is a 4.7 km (2.9 mile) green belt created on top of 19th century railroad infrastructure. Beginning just east of the Opera Bastille, it rests on top of a brick viaduc that rises 10 meters above street level. Thepromeneur encounters reflecting pools, statuary, pedestrian bridges and densely planted parcels of perennials. This project was one of the first in the world (if not the first) to re-purpose an elevated railway line as an urban garden. The re-purposing was initiated under President François Mitterrand as part of a broader plan to enhance neighbourhoods in the east of Paris. It was inaugurated in 1993.
Champs-sur-Marne –Garden of theChâteau de Champs-sur-Marne. The château and gardens were created in 1703, in the reign ofLouis XIV, by a businessman, Monsieur Bourvallais, who commissioned Claude Desgots, grandnephew ofAndré Le Nôtre, to design a classical garden with a grand perspective of the Marne Valley. In 1739, it became the property of theduc de La Vallière, who had the garden modified by Garnier d'Isle. During the French Revolution the garden was abandoned and used to grow vegetables. In 1801, the park was inherited by theduc de Lévis, who combined it with the park of a neighboring estate and laid out an English-style park, with meadows, groves of trees and winding alleys. In 1895, it was purchased by theCount Louis Cahen d'Anvers, who commissioned landscape architectsAchille Duchêne and Heni Duchêne to recreate the original gardenà la française.(see photos)
Fontainebleau –Gardens of theChâteau de Fontainebleau. The park of the royal residence, covering 130 hectares, is one of the largest and most famous landscape gardens in France. East of the palace is the forest and a 1200 meter long canal created byHenry IV of France. Near the palace is theGrand Parterre, a gardenà la française created forLouis XIV, decorated with two large basins, one square and the other circular. Nearby is the Garden of Diane, which was the garden of the Queen, with the fountain of Diane in the center; a pavilion created for KingLouis XV of France by the architectLouis Le Vau; and the English garden, created at the time of Napoleon I, crossed by a river, with a large pond and a collection of ornamental sculpture.
Maincy – ThePark of the Château deVaux-le-Vicomte was the garden that inspired the gardens of Versailles. The 40 hectares of terraces and fountains were created byAndré Le Nôtre, working withLouis Le Vau, the architect of the château, forNicolas Fouquet (1615–1680), the surintendant of finances ofLouis XIV. The distance from the gate to the statue of Hercules is 1500 meters, and the carefully ordered perspective from the castle is three kilometers long. The magnificence of the gardens and their opening festivities inspired the envy and anger of Louis XIV, who fifteen days later had Fouquet arrested and imprisoned for the rest of his life.
Choisel –Park of theChâteau de Breteuil. A private park and garden of 75 hectares, surrounding the château. The French garden was begun in the 17th century, an English park added in the 18th century, and the French garden was redesigned in 1895 by the owner, Henri de Breteuil, and the landscape architectAchille Duchêne. Major features, including a labyrinth, were added since 1990 by the current owners, Henri-François and Séverine de Breteuil.
Rambouillet – Domaine national. TheChâteau of Rambouillet is the summer residence of thePresidents of the French Republic, surrounded by 147 hectares of French and English-style gardens. The gardens are open to the public when the French President is not in residence. The château began as a simple fortified manor house, purchased by a French knight, Jehan Bernier, in 1368. The avenues of the park led directly into the renowned game-richforest of Rambouillet. In 1783, it was purchased by KingLouis XVI whose wife, QueenMarie Antoinette, referred to the château as a "gothic toadhouse" (fr:gothique crapaudière). Her husband had an elegant dairy built for her in the park, with milk pails made ofSèvres porcelain. The château and gardens became the property of the French State during theFrench Revolution. EmperorNapoleon I stayed there several times, the last time on the night of 29–30 June 1815, on his way to exile onSaint Helena. In 1810, Napoleon created an avenue of bald cypress trees (Taxodium distichum). During the hurricane that ravaged the northern half of France on 26 December 1999, the park lost nearly five thousand trees, including the handsome avenue of bald cypresses.
Saint-Germain-en-Laye –The Domaine National of theChâteau de Saint-Germain-en-Laye was originally the site of a castle of KingLouis VI (Louis Le Gros). A chapel was added byLouis IX of France in 1238. The present château was built by Pierre de Chambiges in 1537. It became a residence of the kings of France until 1682, whenLouis XIV moved his residence toVersailles. Today the château contains theMusée d'Archéologie nationale (French National Museum of Archeology). The park was created byLe Nôtre in 1663. He added a grand terrace overlooking the valley of the Seine in 1669. In 1845, the landscape garden was added byLoaisel de Treogate.
Versailles – ThePotager du roi, the kitchen gardens of KingLouis XIV, located near theChâteau of Versailles, were originally created between 1678 and 1683 byJean Baptiste de la Quintinie at the request of Louis XIV, on a swampy section of 9 hectares called the "stinking pond." They were composed of thirty different walled gardens and orchards producing fruit and vegetables for the Court. Today the gardens belong to the National Higher School of Landscape Architecture (Fr:École Nationale Supérieure du Paysage). Twelve gardens remain, with 5000 fruit trees belonging to 350 different varieties, plus a wide variety of vegetables and other plants.
Thoiry -TheChâteau de Thoiry (450 hectares) and its gardens are privately owned by Annabelle and Paul de la Panouse. They were originally created in the 16th century by alchemistRaoul Moreau. The gardens were built as a setting for the château, designed byPhilibert de l'Orme, They were redone 150 years later by landscape architectClaude Desgot, the nephew ofAndré Le Nôtre, who included optical illusions in the perspectives of the long axes, making distances seem greater. In the 19th century, an English landscape garden was added, including 51giant sequoias planted in 1852, which obscured many of the original perspectives. Masses ofrhododendron andazalea bushes were also added for color. In the 1970s, the owners restored the original axes of the park, and added modern features, including a new labyrinth byAdrian Fisher; an autumn garden byTimothy Vaughn; and a floral border byAlain Richert.
Montfort L'Amaury.Gardens of theChâteau de Groussay. A contemporary garden, created between 1950 and 1970 by the French estheteCarlos de Beistegui (who owned the property since 1939). The garden was inspired by Anglo-Chinese gardens of the 18th century, and by the gardens of Swedish châteaux, and is decorated withfollies, including a Chinese pagoda, a Tatar tent, and athéâtre de verdure.See photos
Asnières-sur-Oise –Park of theRoyaumont Abbey. The Abbey was built byLouis IX in the 13th century, and destroyed during theFrench Revolution. The cloister garden was restored byAchille Duchêne in 1912, and the medieval herb and vegetable garden, between the kitchen and the refectory, was recreated in 2004 based on the writings of theBenedictine Abbesse Saint Hildegard van Bingen (1098–1179).
Chaussy –Domaine of Villarceaux (70 hectares). Public French garden, English garden, botanical garden, and flower gardens. The water gardens date from the 17th century, theLouis XV château from the 18th century. The 18th-century garden has a rare vertugadin, in the shape of a woman's basket skirt of the 18th century, surrounded by eighteen statues from Italy.
Montaren –Le Jardin du Temple. A collection of fourteen traditional walled gardens with the flowers and vegetables of the region.(see pictures and description)
Nîmes –Jardin de la Fontaine. A public park with a water garden and gardenà la française created in 1738–1755 around a spring which provided water to the city sinceRoman times. It was one of the first public gardens in France.(see details)
Ponteils-et-Brésis –Jardin du Mas de l'Albri. A small private English landscape garden and flower garden in a picturesque high valley of the Cèze, with collections ofroses and aquatic plants.(see picture and description)
Margon – ThePark and Garden of the Château de Margon. The château dates to the 15th century, with additions made in the 16th, 17th and 18th century. The park and terraces are open to the public.
Montpellier –The Park and Gardens of Flaugergues. An 18th-century château and gardenà la française, a 19th-century landscape park, and a botanical garden.
Servian –Jardin des Carrières de Saint-Adrien (Garden of the Quarries of Saint-Adrien). A modern private botanical garden located in a water-filled quarry from the Middle Ages.(pictures and description)
Arboretum du château de Neuvic d'Ussel inNeuvic An historical garden created by Jean-Hyacinthe d'Ussel around 1815. This place is also labelled by the A.R.B.R.E.S "Arbres remarquables de France" for his collection of huges trees : one of the largest French sequoia,tilia cordata...
Parc du Mugel inLa Ciotat. A municipal garden, exotic garden, and nature preserve of the native plants of Provence, located next to acalanque, or rocky inlet of the Mediterranean.
Domaine de Baudouvin inLa Valette-du-Var. Formerly owned by Henri de Rothschild, then the residence of the Prefet Maritime, the domaine, recreated in 2008, is now a public park and a contemporary Provençal garden, featuring Provençal, tropical and Mediterranean trees and flowers, orchards, vineyards and kitchen gardens, a grand alley of plane trees. fountains and pools fed by a spring, a solar-powered "orchard" cooled by mist, and views of the mountains of the Var.
Castel Sainte-Claire inHyères. The house, on the site of the 17th-century Convent of Sainte-Claire, was built byOlivier Voutier, a French naval officer who discovered the statue of theVenus de Milo in Greece, and later was the home of writerEdith Wharton, who planted much of the garden.
Parc Saint-Bernard of theVilla Noailles inHyères : 'The Parc Saint-Bernard was created by thevicomte de Noailles, a 20th-century art patron, next to his summer house, theVilla Noailles, (1923–1926), which was one of the firstmodernist houses in France. The villa features a small triangular modern garden by Guevrekian. The main garden, now a public park, is a series of tree-shaded terraces and paths overlooking the Mediterranean, devoted to the native plants of the Mediterranean, both common and rare, including a garden ofrosemary and other aromatic plants.
Parc Olbius Riquier inHyères. A municipal park with a botanical garden, featuring bamboo, palms and a greenhouse with tropical birds and plants.
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