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While all countries are normally eligible to compete in theOlympic Games, there have been several instances of nations boycotting or being barred from participation, often in protest to decisions made by theInternational Olympic Committee.
Austria,Bulgaria,Germany,Hungary, and theOttoman Empire were not invited to attend the1920 Antwerp games inBelgium, having lostWorld War I.[1][2]
South Africa was not invited to the1964 Games, while its invitation to the1968 Games was withdrawn after several other African countries threatened to boycott the Games due toapartheid. South Africa would not be permitted to return to the Olympics until1992.
Rhodesia was also prevented from entering the1972 Summer Olympics when its invitation was withdrawn by theInternational Olympic Committee following protests by other African countries.[3]
Possibly the most famous Olympic boycotts occurred in1980 and1984, due to theSoviet invasion in Afghanistan. Iran, Albania and Upper Volta are the only countries that boycotted both the 1980 and 1984 Olympics. Albania and Upper Volta are also the only countries that boycotted the 1976, 1980 and 1984 Olympics.
In 2021, several nations announced a diplomatic boycott of the2022 Winter Olympics to protest againstChinese mistreatment of the Uyghur population, thus prohibiting many government officials from attending the games in an official capacity, while still permitting athletes to compete.[4] Later,India joined the boycott over China's decision to chooseQi Fabao, a regimental commander in thePeople's Liberation Army, as a torchbearer for the event.[5][6]
The following is the list of countries that did not send official delegations to the Games, but permitted their athletes to participate.
| Games | Host City | Host Country | Year | Boycotting countries | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| List | Map | ||||
| XXXII Olympic Summer Olympics | Tokyo |  Japan | 2020 |  | |
| XXIV Olympic Winter Games | Beijing |  China | 2022 | _diplomatic_boycotting_countries_(blue).svg) | |
During the2014 Winter Paralympics in Russia, the United States and United Kingdom diplomatically boycotted the event, and the entire Ukrainian delegation except for their flagbearer boycotted the opening ceremony due toRussia's annexation of Crimea and the violation of theOlympic Truce.
Madagascar pulled out of the Games at the last minute in support of the co-hosting demands of North Korea.
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