Flowering plants in the order Myrtales recorded from South Africa
Myrtales is anorder offlowering plants placed within the eurosids by theAPG III system of classification forangiosperms . This finding is corroborated by the placement of the Myrtales in the Malvid clade by the One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative.[ 1] Theanthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be aclade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained theangiosperms – the extant flowering plants, such asroses andgrasses – as well as theGnetales and the extinctBennettitales .[ 2]
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[ 3] Ninebiomes have been described in South Africa:Fynbos , SucculentKaroo ,desert ,Nama Karoo ,grassland ,savanna ,Albany thickets , theIndian Ocean coastal belt , andforests .[ 4]
The 2018South African National Biodiversity Institute 'sNational Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phylaAnthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)),Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)),Bryophyta (mosses (685)),Cycadophyta (cycads (42)),Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)),Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)),Pinophyta (conifers (33)), andPteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[ 5]
Tenfamilies are represented in the literature. Listedtaxa includespecies ,subspecies ,varieties , andforms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa assynonyms , in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflecttaxonomic revision over time.
Family:Combretaceae ,[ 5]
GenusCombretum :[ 5]
Combretum apiculatum Sond. indigenousCombretum apiculatum Sond. subsp.apiculatum , indigenousCombretum bracteosum (Hochst.) Engl. & Diels, endemicCombretum afrum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Kuntze, endemicCombretum celastroides Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp.orientale Exell, accepted asCombretum celastroides Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp.celastroides , indigenousCombretum collinum Fresen. indigenousCombretum collinum Fresen. subsp.gazense (Swynn. & Baker f.) Okafor, indigenousCombretum collinum Fresen. subsp.suluense (Engl. & Diels) Okafor, indigenousCombretum collinum Fresen. subsp.taborense (Engl.) Okafor, indigenousCombretum edwardsii Exell, endemicCombretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) Sond. indigenousCombretum hereroense Schinz, indigenousCombretum hereroense Schinz subsp.hereroense , indigenousCombretum imberbe Wawra, indigenousCombretum kraussii Hochst. indigenousCombretum microphyllum Klotzsch, indigenousCombretum mkuzense J.D.Carr & Retief, endemicCombretum moggii Exell, endemicCombretum molle R.Br. ex G.Don, indigenousCombretum mossambicense (Klotzsch) Engl. indigenousCombretum nelsonii Dummer, endemicCombretum padoides Engl. & Diels, indigenousCombretum petrophilum Retief, endemicCombretum stylesii O.Maurin, Jordaan & A.E.van Wyk, indigenousCombretum tenuipes Engl. & Diels, endemicCombretum vendae A.E.van Wyk, endemicCombretum vendae A.E.van Wyk var.glabratum N.Hahn, endemicCombretum vendae A.E.van Wyk var.vendae , endemicCombretum woodii Dummer, indigenousCombretum zeyheri Sond. indigenousGenusLumnitzera :[ 5]
GenusPteleopsis :[ 5]
GenusQuisqualis :[ 5]
GenusTerminalia :[ 5]
Family:Heteropyxidaceae ,[ 5]
GenusHeteropyxis :[ 5]
Family:Lythraceae ,[ 5]
GenusAmmannia :[ 5]
GenusCuphea :[ 5]
GenusGalpinia :[ 5]
GenusHeimia :[ 5]
GenusLagerstroemia :[ 5]
GenusLythrum :[ 5]
GenusNesaea :[ 5]
Nesaea alata Immelman, indigenousNesaea anagalloides (Sond.) Koehne, indigenousNesaea cordata Hiern, indigenousNesaea crassicaulis (Guill. & Perr.) Koehne, indigenousNesaea cymosa Immelman, indigenousNesaea dinteri Koehne, indigenousNesaea dinteri Koehne subsp.elata A.Fern. indigenousNesaea drummondii A.Fern. indigenousNesaea heptamera Hiern, indigenousNesaea passerinoides (Welw. ex Hiern) Koehne, indigenousNesaea radicans Guill. & Perr. indigenousNesaea radicans Guill. & Perr. var.floribunda (Sond.) A.Fern. indigenousNesaea rigidula (Sond.) Koehne, indigenousNesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne, indigenousNesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var.ericiformis Koehne formaericiformis , endemicNesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var.ericiformis Koehne formaswaziensis , indigenousNesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var.sagittifolia , indigenousNesaea schinzii Koehne, indigenousNesaea schlechteri A.Fern. indigenousNesaea tolypobotrys Koehne, endemicNesaea wardii Immelman, endemicNesaea woodii Koehne, endemicNesaea zambatidis Immelman, indigenousGenusPunica :[ 5]
GenusRotala :[ 5]
GenusTrapa :[ 5]
Trapa natans L. indigenousTrapa natans L. var.pumila Nakano ex Verdc. indigenousFamily:Melastomataceae ,[ 5]
GenusAntherotoma :[ 5]
GenusDissotis :[ 5]
GenusHeterocentron :[ 5]
GenusMelastoma :[ 5]
GenusPleroma :
Pleroma granulosum (Desr.) D.Don (syn.Tibouchina granulosa ) not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedPleroma urvilleanum (DC.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang. (syn.Tibouchina urvilleana ) not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedFamily:Memecylaceae ,[ 5]
GenusMemecylon :[ 5]
GenusWarneckea :[ 5]
Family:Myrtaceae ,[ 5]
GenusAgonis :[ 5]
GenusCallistemon :[ 5]
Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels, accepted asMelaleuca citrina (Curtis) Dum.Cours. not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveCallistemon rigidus R.Br. accepted asMelaleuca linearis Schrad. & J.C.Wendl. var.linearis , not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveCallistemon rugulosus (Schltdl. ex Link) DC. accepted asMelaleuca rugulosa (Schltdl. ex Link) CravenCallistemon speciosus (Sims) DC. accepted asMelaleuca glauca (Sweet) Craven, not indigenous, naturalisedCallistemon viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) G.Don, accepted asMelaleuca viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Byrnes subsp.viminalis , not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveGenusCalothamnus :[ 5]
GenusCorymbia :[ 5]
Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedCorymbia ficifolia (F.Muell.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveGenusEucalyptus :[ 5]
Eucalyptus botryoides Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus citriodora Hook. accepted asCorymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedEucalyptus cladocalyx F.Muell. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus conferruminata D.J.Carr & S.G.M.Carr, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus diversicolor F.Muell. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus globulus Labill. subsp.maidenii (F.Muell.) Kirkp. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedEucalyptus gomphocephala DC. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus longifolia Link & Otto, not indigenous, naturalisedEucalyptus microcorys F.Muell. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus microtheca F.Muell. not indigenous, naturalisedEucalyptus regnans F.Muell. not indigenous, naturalisedEucalyptus sideroxylon A.Cunn. ex Woolls, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveEucalyptus tereticornis Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveGenusEugenia :[ 5]
Eugenia albanensis Sond. endemicEugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. indigenousEugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp.a , indigenousEugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp.capensis , indigenousEugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp.gueinzii (Sond.) F.White, endemicEugenia erythrophylla Strey, endemicEugenia gueinzii Sond. accepted asEugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp.gueinzii (Sond.) F.White, presentEugenia mossambicensis Engl. accepted asEugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp.a , presentEugenia natalitia Sond. indigenousEugenia pusilla N.E.Br. endemicEugenia simii Dummer, endemicEugenia umtamvunensis A.E.van Wyk, endemicEugenia uniflora L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveEugenia verdoorniae A.E.van Wyk, endemicEugenia woodii Dummer, indigenousEugenia zeyheri (Harv.) Harv. endemicEugenia zuluensis Dummer, endemicGenusLeptospermum :[ 5]
GenusMelaleuca :[ 5]
Melaleuca armillaris (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedMelaleuca armillaris (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Sm. subsp.armillaris , not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveMelaleuca citrina (Curtis) Dum.Cours. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveMelaleuca cruenta Craven & R.D.Edwards, not indigenous, naturalisedMelaleuca diosmifolia Andrews, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedMelaleuca elliptica Labill. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedMelaleuca hypericifolia Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveMelaleuca linearis Schrad. & J.C.Wendl. var.linearis , not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveMelaleuca nesophila F.Muell. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedMelaleuca parvistaminea Byrnes, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveMelaleuca peucophylla Craven & R.D.Edwards, not indigenous, naturalisedMelaleuca quadrifida (R.Br.) Craven & R.D.Edwards subsp.quadrifida , not indigenous, naturalisedMelaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T.Blake, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveMelaleuca rugulosa (Schltdl. ex Link) Craven, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveMelaleuca salicina Craven, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedMelaleuca styphelioides Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalisedMelaleuca subulata (Cheel) Craven, not indigenous, naturalisedMelaleuca viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Byrnes subsp.viminalis , not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveGenusMetrosideros :[ 5]
GenusMyrtus :[ 5]
GenusPsidium :[ 5]
GenusSyncarpia :[ 5]
GenusSyzygium :[ 5]
Syzygium australe (J.C.Wendl. ex Link) B.Hyland, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveSyzygium cordatum Hochst. ex C.Krauss, indigenousSyzygium cordatum Hochst. ex C.Krauss subsp.cordatum , indigenousSyzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasiveSyzygium gerrardii (Harv. ex Hook.f.) Burtt Davy, indigenousSyzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. indigenousSyzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. subsp.barotsense F.White, indigenousSyzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. subsp.guineense , indigenousSyzygium intermedium Engl. & Brehmer, indigenousSyzygium jambos (L.) Alston, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveSyzygium legatii Burtt Davy & Greenway, endemicSyzygium pondoense Engl. endemicFamily:Oliniaceae ,[ 5]
GenusCremastostemon :[ 5]
GenusOlinia :[ 5]
Family:Onagraceae ,[ 5]
GenusEpilobium :[ 5]
GenusGaura :[ 5]
GenusLudwigia :[ 5]
Ludwigia abyssinica A.Rich. indigenousLudwigia adscendens (L.) Hara, indigenousLudwigia adscendens (L.) Hara subsp.diffusa (Forssk.) P.H.Raven, indigenousLudwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara, indigenousLudwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, indigenousLudwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp.brevisepala (Brenan) P.H.Raven, accepted asLudwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, presentLudwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp.sessiliflora (Micheli) P.H.Raven, accepted asLudwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, presentLudwigia palustris (L.) Elliott, not indigenous, naturalisedLudwigia polycarpa Short & R.Peter ex Torr. & A.Gray, not indigenous, naturalisedLudwigia stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H.Raven, accepted asLudwigia adscendens (L.) Hara subsp.diffusa (Forssk.) P.H.Raven, presentGenusOenothera :[ 5]
Oenothera affinis Cambess. not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera biennis L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera drummondii Hook. subsp.drummondii , not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera erythrosepala (Borbas) Borbas, accepted asOenothera glazioviana Micheli, not indigenous, naturalisedOenothera glazioviana Micheli, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera grandiflora Aiton, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera indecora Cambess. not indigenous, naturalisedOenothera indecora Cambess. subsp.bonariensis W.Dietr. accepted asOenothera indecora Cambess. not indigenous, naturalisedOenothera jamesii Torr. & A.Gray, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera laciniata Hill, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera lindheimeri (Engelm. & A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera longiflora L. subsp.longiflora , not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera parodiana Munz, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera parviflora L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera rosea L'Her. ex Aiton, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera sinuosa W.L.Wagner & Hoch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera stricta Ledeb. ex Link subsp.stricta , not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera tetraptera Cav. not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveOenothera villosa Thunb. not indigenous, naturalised, invasiveFamily:Penaeaceae ,[ 5]
GenusBrachysiphon :[ 5]
GenusEndonema :[ 5]
GenusGlischrocolla :[ 5]
GenusPenaea :[ 5]
Penaea acutifolia A.Juss. endemicPenaea cneorum Meerb. indigenousPenaea cneorum Meerb. subsp.cneorum , endemicPenaea cneorum Meerb. subsp.gigantea R.Dahlgren, endemicPenaea cneorum Meerb. subsp.lanceolata R.Dahlgren, endemicPenaea cneorum Meerb. subsp.ovata (Eckl. & Zeyh. ex A.DC.) R.Dahlgren, endemicPenaea cneorum Meerb. subsp.ruscifolia R.Dahlgren, endemicPenaea dahlgrenii Rourke, endemicPenaea mucronata L. endemicGenusSaltera :[ 5]
GenusSonderothamnus :[ 5]
GenusStylapterus :[ 5]
Family:Rhynchocalycaceae ,[ 5]
GenusRhynchocalyx :[ 5]
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