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List of Liechtenstein general elections

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For information on Liechtenstein elections in general, seeElections in Liechtenstein.

Politics of Liechtenstein


Constitution 1921 Constitution
Monarchy Prince (list) Hans-Adam II Hereditary Prince andRegent Alois Princely family Succession
Executive Prime Minister Brigitte Haas Government Brigitte Haas cabinet
Legislative Landtag (members) President:Manfred Kaufmann
Elections Recentelections General:2017 2021 2025 List of general elections Political parties
Administrative divisions Oberland Unterland
Foreign relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Minister:Dominique Hasler Diplomatic missions of /in Liechtenstein Passport Visa requirements Visa policy
Other countries
v t e

Elections in Liechtenstein have been held since the ratification of the1862 constitution in which theLandtag of Liechtenstein was established. Political parties did not exist in Liechtenstein until 1918.^[1]^[2] Before the ratification of the1921 constitution, the head of government was not elected, but rather appointed by theprince of Liechtenstein, thus elections were only held to elect members of the Landtag.^[3]^[4] Under the constitution general elections are held for the members of the Landtag of Liechtenstein, who then elect theprime minister. As of 2025, there have been 49 general elections held in Liechtenstein.

In 1939 the voting system was changed to introduceproportional representation.^[5] The Landtag had 15 seats until areferendum in 1988 increased this to 25.^[6] Women were not allowed to vote in elections until 1984 whenuniversal male suffrage was replaced withuniversal suffrage in the constitution.^[7]

List of elections

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Line graph denoting the Landtag seat share by party since 1918. — Graph of Landtag seat share by party since 1918:Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP, blue),Christian-Social People's Party (CSV, red),Free List (FL, green),The Independents (DU, yellow), andDemocrats for Liechtenstein (DpL, light blue)^[8]

List of general elections (1862–present)
Election	No.	Date(s)	Elected prime minister^[a]		Winning vote share	Seat majority	Ref(s).
1862	1	24 November 1862	—	—	—	—	^[8]
1866	2	3 May 1866
1869	3	29 April 1869
1872	4	March 1872
1875	5	8 May 1875
1877	6	30 April – 18 October 1877
1878	7	15–16 May 1878
1882	8	2–3 May 1882
1886	9	19–20 April 1886
1890	10	12–16 April 1890
1894	11	16–17 May 1894
1898	12	11–12 May 1898
1902	13	3–4 September 1902
1906	14	28–30 July 1906
1910	15	2–4 August 1910
1914	16	30 September – 2 October 1914
1918	17	11–18 March 1918					^[8]^[9]
1922	18	5–16 February 1922	Gustav Schädler	CSVP		11
Jan 1926	19	10–24 January 1926				9
Apr 1926	20	5 April 1926				9
1928	21	15–29 July 1928	Josef Hoop	FBP		11
1930	22	16 March 1930				15
1932	23	6–13 March 1932				13
1936	24	13–16 February 1936				11
1939	25	4 April 1939				8	^[8]^[10]
1945	26	29 April 1945			54.72%		^[8]^[11]
1949	27	6 February 1949	Alexander Frick		52.93%
Feb 1953	28	15 February 1953			50.54%
Jun 1953	29	14 June 1953			50.43%
1957	30	1 September 1957			52.36%
1958	31	23 March 1958			54.47%	9
1962	32	25 March 1962			47.18%	8
1966	33	6 February 1966	Gerard Batliner		48.47%
1970	34	1 February 1970	Alfred Hilbe	VU	49.57%		^[12]
1974	35	1–3 February 1974	Walter Kieber	FBP	50.08%		^[13]
1978	36	3 February 1978	Hans Brunhart	VU	50.85%		^[14]
1982	37	5–7 February 1982			53.47%		^[15]
1986	38	31 January – 2 February 1986			50.19%		^[16]
1989	39	March 1989			47.15%	13^[b]	^[17]
Feb 1993	40	7 February 1993	Markus Büchel	FBP	44.19%	11	^[18]
Oct 1993	41	24 October 1993	Mario Frick	VU	50.12%	13	^[19]
1997	42	2 February 1997	Mario Frick	VU	49.23%		^[20]
2001	43	9–11 February 2001	Otmar Hasler	FBP	49.90%		^[21]
2005	44	13 March 2005	Otmar Hasler	FBP	48.74%	12	^[22]
2009	45	8 February 2009	Klaus Tschütscher	VU	47.61%	13	^[23]
2013	46	3 February 2013	Adrian Hasler	FBP	40.00%	10	^[24]
2017	47	5 February 2017	Adrian Hasler	FBP	35.24%	9	^[25]
2021	48	7 February 2021	Daniel Risch	VU	35.89%	10	^[26]
2025	49	9 February 2025	Brigitte Haas	VU	38.32%	10	^[27]

^Until 1921, the office was known as 'State Administrator' or 'Governor', and it was appointed directly by the prince
^First election to have 25 Landtag seats instead of 15

References

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^Marxer, Wilfred; Fabian, Frommelt (31 December 2011)."Wahlen".Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved28 August 2024.
^"History".Fürstentum Liechtenstein. Government of Liechtenstein Marketing. Archived fromthe original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved13 February 2014.
^Wille, Herbert (31 December 2011)."Verfassung".Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German).Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved24 December 2023.
^"Mitglieder der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 1862-2021"(PDF).www.regierung.li.Archived(PDF) from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved15 February 2024.
^Nohlen & Stöver 2010, p. 1159.
^Nohlen & Stöver 2010, p. 1175.
^Love, Juliet; O'Brien, Jillian; et al., eds. (30 November 2002).Western Europe 2003 (5th ed.). Europa Publications.ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^eVogt 1987.
^Nohlen & Stöver 2010, pp. 1165–1182.
^Nohlen & Stöver 2010, p. 1179.
^Nohlen & Stöver 2010, p. 1165.
^Liechtenstein 1970 Archived 2012-06-16 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^Liechtenstein 1974 Archived 2013-10-17 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^Liechtenstein 1978 Archived 2013-10-17 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^Liechtenstein 1982 Archived 2013-10-17 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^Liechtenstein 1986 Archived 2013-10-17 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^Liechtenstein 1989 Archived 2012-07-16 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^Nohlen & Stöver 2010, pp. 1181–1183.
^Liechtenstein October 1993 Archived 2013-10-04 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^Liechtenstein 1997 Archived 2023-05-06 at theWayback Machine Inter-Parliamentary Union
^"Landtagswahlen 2001".Fürstentum Liechtenstein Landtagswahlen (in German).Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved5 April 2024.
^"Landtagswahlen 2005".Fürstentum Liechtenstein Landtagswahlen (in German).Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved5 April 2024.
^"Landtagswahlen 2009".Fürstentum Liechtenstein Landtagswahlen (in German).Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved5 April 2024.
^"Landtagswahlen 2013".Fürstentum Liechtenstein Landtagswahlen (in German).Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved5 April 2024.
^"Landtagswahlen 2017".Fürstentum Liechtenstein Landtagswahlen (in German).Archived from the original on 4 May 2021. Retrieved5 April 2024.
^"Landtagswahlen 2021".Fürstentum Liechtenstein Landtagswahlen (in German).Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved5 April 2024.
^"Landtagswahlen 2025 - Ergebnisse".www.landtagswahlen.li. Retrieved9 February 2025.

Bibliography

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Nohlen, Dieter; Stöver, Philip (2010).Elections in Europe: A data handbook. Nomos.ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7.
Vogt, Paul (1987).125 Jahre Landtag (in German). Vaduz: Landtag of the Principality of Liechtenstein.

v t e Elections and referendums in Liechtenstein
General elections	1862 1866 1869 1872 1875 1877 1878 1882 1886 1890 1894 1898 1902 1906 1910 1914 1918 1922 1926 (Jan) 1926 (Apr) 1928 1932 1936 1939 1945 1949 1953 (Feb) 1953 (Jun) 1957 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1989 1993 (Feb) 1993 (Oct) 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025
Local elections	1864 1867 1870 1873 1876 1879 1882 1885 1888 1891 1894 1897 1900 1903 1906 1909 1912 1915 1918 1921 1924 1927 1930 1933 1936 1939 1942 1945 1948 1951 1954 1957 1960 1963 1966 1969 1972 1975 1979 1980 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023 2024 2027
Referendums	1919 1921 1922 1924 1925 1926 1927 1929 1930 1931 1932 1935 1937 1945 1947 1949 1950 1952 1954 1961 1962 1964 1965 1967 1968 1970 1971 1972 1973 1975 1976 1977 1980 1981 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1995 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2009 2010 2011 2012 2014 2015 2016 2018 2019 2020 2022 2023 2024