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List of Korean dishes

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Korean cuisine
한국 요리
조선 료리
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Below is a list of dishes found inKorean cuisine.

Staples

[edit]

Rice dishes

[edit]
Main article:Bap (rice dish)
Patbap
  • Bibimbap (비빔밥, "mixed rice"): rice topped with seasoned vegetables such asspinach,mushrooms,sea tangle,carrots,bean sprouts, and served withgochujang (red pepper paste). Some variations include beef or egg. All of the toppings are stirred together in one large bowl and eaten with a spoon.
  • Bokkeum-bap (볶음밥): stir-fryedbap.
  • Boribap (보리밥): Barley cooked rice.
  • Deopbap (덮밥: 'topped rice'): cooked rice topped with something that can be served as a side dish (e.g.hoedeopbap is topped withhoe.)
  • Dolsot bibimbap (돌솥 비빔밥): served in a heatedstone bowl, allowing the dish to continue cooking after it is served. Raw egg is added to cook against the sides of the bowl.
  • Gimbap (seaweed rice,김밥)
  • Gukbap (국밥): a dish with cooked rice added to hot soup or boiling rice in soup.
  • Hoedeopbap (회덮밥): uses a variety of cubed raw fish.
  • Jumeok-bap (주먹밥): lump of cooked rice with add-ins, common street food or snack.
  • Kimchi bokkeumbap (김치볶음밥):kimchi fried rice with typically chopped vegetables and meats.
  • Kongbap (콩밥): rice with soy beans.
  • Kongnamulbap (콩나물밥): rice with bean sprouts,kongnamul, and sometimes pork.
  • Nurungji (누룽지): The crisp thin layer of rice left on the bottom of the pot when cooking rice, which is eaten as a snack or can be made as a porridge.
  • Ogokbap (오곡밥: five-grain rice): A mixture of rice, red beans, black beans,millet, andsorghum, but can vary withglutinous rice and other grains.
  • Patbap (팥밥): rice with red beans.
  • Ssambap (쌈밥): a dish where one food is wrapped in another (Ssam), including rice.
  • Yakbap (약밥): steamed glutinous rice mixed with chestnuts, jujubes, and pine nuts.
  • Yukhoe bibimbap (육회비빔밥): raw beef strips with raw egg and a mixture ofsoy sauce with Asian pear and gochujang.

Noodles

[edit]
Main article:Guksu
  • Bibim guksu (비빔국수): stirred noodles in a hot and spicy sauce.
  • Geonjin guksu (건진국수)
  • Jaengban guksu (쟁반국수)
  • Janchi guksu (잔치국수): a light seaweed broth based noodle soup served with fresh condiments, usually kimchi, thinly sliced egg, green onions, and cucumbers.
  • Japchae (잡채): Boileddangmyeon or sweet potato noodles, steamed spinach, roasted julienned beef, roasted sliced onion, roasted julienned carrots are mixed with seasoning made of soy sauce, sesame oil and half-refined sugar.
  • Jjajangmyeon (짜장면): A variation on aChinese noodle dish that is extremely popular in Korea. It is made with a black bean sauce, usually with some sort of meat and a variety of vegetables includingzucchini andpotatoes. Usually ordered and delivered, like pizza.
  • Jjapaguri (ram-don)
  • Kalguksu (칼국수): boiled flat noodles, usually in a broth made ofanchovies and slicedzucchini.
  • Makguksu (막국수): buckwheat noodles served in a chilled broth.[1]
  • Naengmyeon (In South Korean dialect:냉면; in North Korean dialect:랭면;raengmyŏn; 'cold noodles')): Consists of several varieties of thin, hand-madebuckwheat noodles, and is served in a large bowl with a tangy iced broth, rawjulienned vegetables and fruit, and often a boiled egg and cold cooked beef. This is also called mul ("water") naengmyeon, to distinguish from bibim naengmyeon, which has no broth and is mixed with gochujang.
  • Ramyeon (라면): spicy variation of noodle, usually eaten in the form of instant noodles orcup ramyeon.
  • Sujebi (수제비)

Bread

[edit]
See also:Korean baked goods
  • Bungeoppang (붕어빵 "carp-bread"): The Korean name for the Japanese fish-shaped pastryTaiyaki that is usually filled with sweetred bean paste and then baked in a fish-shaped mold. It is very chewy on the inside and crispy on the outside.
  • Gukhwa-ppang (국화빵): Bread shaped like a flower.
  • Gyeranppang (계란빵): a snack food prepared with egg and rice flour.
  • Hoppang (호빵)
  • Soboro-ppang (소보로빵)

Kimchi

[edit]
Main article:Kimchi
Kimchi

Kimchi vegetables (usuallycabbage,Korean radish, orcucumber) are commonlyfermented in a brine ofginger,garlic, greenonion, andchili pepper. There are endless varieties, and it is served as a side dish or cooked into soups and rice dishes. Koreans traditionally make enough kimchi to last for the entire winter season, although with refrigerators and commercially bottled kimchi, this practice has become less common. Kimchi that is readily made is calledgeotjeori (겉절이).Sin-kimchi (신김치) is a version that is fermented for longer and is more sour. Moreover, different regions of Korea make kimchi in different ways with different kinds of ingredients. For instance, the lower southern part tends to make it taste more salty to preserve it longer. Some of the extra ingredients they use include squids, oysters, and various other raw seafoods. Kimchi is often cited for its health benefits and has been included in Health magazine's "World's Healthiest Foods."[2][3][4][5] Nonetheless, some research has found nitrate and salt levels in kimchi to be possible risk factors for gastric cancer, although shellfish and fruit consumption were found to be protective factors against gastric cancer. Research has also found kimchi to be a preventive factor for stomach cancer.[6][7]

Banchan

[edit]
Main article:Banchan

Gui

[edit]
Main articles:Gui (food) andKorean barbecue
Bulgogi
  • Beoseot gui (버섯구이): any kind of grilled mushroom.
  • Bulgogi (불고기 "fire meat"): thinly sliced or shreddedbeef marinated insoy sauce,sesame oil, garlic, sugar,scallions, and black pepper, cooked on a grill (sometimes at the table). Variations include pork (dwaeji bulgogi, 돼지불고기), chicken (dak bulgogi 닭불고기), or squid (ojingeo bulgogi, 오징어불고기).
  • Dak galbi (닭갈비): stir-fry marinated diced chicken in a gochujang-based sauce, and sliced cabbage, sweet potato, scallions, onions andtteok.[1]
  • Deodeok gui (더덕구이): grilleddeodeok (더덕) roots.
  • Galbi (갈비): pork or beef ribs, cooked on a metal plate over charcoal in the centre of the table. The meat is sliced thicker thanbulgogi. It is often called "Korean barbecue" along withbulgogi, and can be seasoned or unseasoned.
  • Gim gui orguun gim (김구이 or구운 김): grilled dry seaweed sheets (gim).
  • Gobchang gui (곱창구이): similar tomakchang except prepared from thesmall intestines of a pig or ox.
  • Makchang gui (막창구이): grilled pork large intestines prepared likesamgyeopsal andgalbi, and often served with a lightdoenjang sauce and choppedscallions. It is very popular inDaegu and the surroundingGyeongsang Province region.
  • Saengseon gui (생선구이): grilled fish.
  • Samgyeopsal (삼겹살): unseasonedpork belly, served in the same fashion asgalbi. Sometimes cooked on a grill with kimchi together at either side. Commonly grilled with garlic and onions, dipped in sesame oil and salt mixture and wrapped withssamjang in lettuce.
  • Seokhwa gui orjogae gui (석화구이 or조개구이): grilled shellfish.

Jjim

[edit]
Main article:Jjim

Seon

[edit]
Main article:Seon (food)
  • Oiseon (오이선): traditional Korean dish made from steamed cucumber with beef and mushrooms.

Hoe

[edit]
Main article:Hoe (food)

Namul

[edit]
  • Chwinamul (취나물)
  • Dureubnamul (두릅나물):angelica tree shoots that have been steamed and seasoned with soy sauce and sesame oil.
  • Ggaennip (깻잎):perilla leaf that has been marinated with soy sauce and sesame oil.
  • Hobaknamul (호박나물):Korean zucchini with tiny shrimp calledsaeujeot (새우젓).
  • Kohsarii (고사리): loyal fern that is usually seasoned with soy sauce.
  • Kongnamul (콩나물): Soybean sprouts, usually eaten in boiled and seasonedbanchan. Soybean sprouts are also the main ingredient inkongnamul-bap (sprouts over rice),kongnamul-guk (sprout soup), andkongnamul-gukbap (rice in sprout soup).
  • Kongjaban (콩자반): black beans cooked in soy sauce and sugar.
  • Sanmaneul (산마늘):Alpine leek cooked with vinegar and sugar.
  • Shigeunchi (시금치): lightly boiled spinach with a little bit of salt and ground garlic seasoning.

Saengchae

[edit]
Main article:Saengchae
  • Doraji saengchae (도라지생채): made with the roots ofChinese bellflower.
  • Oisaengchae (오이생채): cucumber dressed in pepper powder, ground garlic, ground ginger root, sugar, vinegar, sesame oil, or perillar oil.

Sukchae

[edit]
  • Japchae (잡채):vermicelli noodles cooked with stir-fried vegetables and small pieces of beef, which are cooked in a soy sauce mixture.
  • Kongnamul (콩나물): soybean sprouts, usually eaten in boiled and seasonedbanchan. Soybean sprouts are also the main ingredient inkongnamul-bap (sprouts over rice),kongnamul-guk (sprout soup), andkongnamul-gukbap (rice in sprout soup).

Buchimgae

[edit]
Pajeon
Main articles:Buchimgae andJeon (food)

Buchimgae, also known as Korean pancake,[8] is a dish made by pan-frying in oil a thick batter with various ingredients into a thin, flat pancake.[9] It also refers to food made by pan-frying an ingredient soaked in egg or batter mixed with various ingredients.Jeon, a dish made by seasoning whole, sliced, or minced fish, meat, vegetables, etc., and coating them withwheat flour andegg wash before frying them in oil.[10] Anaehobak can also be used to make both buchimgae and jeon.

  • Aehobakbuchimgae (애호박부침개): a type of buchimgae, made by seasoning juliennedaehobak and mixing them with wheat flour and beaten egg, then pan-frying them in oil.
  • Bindaetteok (빈대떡): made by grinding soakedmung beans, adding vegetables and meat and pan-frying it round and flat.
  • Daegujeon (대구전;大口煎): made withPacific cod.
  • Dubujeon (두부전): made withtofu.
  • Gochujeon (고추전): made with chili peppers.
  • Guljeon (굴전): made with oyster.
  • Hobakjeon (호박전): a type of jeon, made by slicing aehobak thinly, egg-washing the slices, and pan-frying them in oil.
  • Kimchibuchimgae (김치부침개): made by frying a mixture of flour, water, and choppedkimchi.
  • Mineojeon (민어전;民魚煎): made withcroaker.
  • Pajeon (파전): made by addingspring onions cut long, seafood, etc., into a flour dough, and pan-frying it.
  • Pyogojeon (표고전): made withshiitake mushrooms and beef.
  • Yeongeunjeon (연근전): made withlotus root.

Soups and stews

[edit]

Guk

[edit]
Main article:Guk
Tteokguk

Stews (tang,jjigae,jeongol)

[edit]
Gamjatang
Galbitang
Sundubu-jjigae
Sinseollo
Main article:Jjigae
  • Bosintang (보신탕): a soup made primarily with dog meat, boiled with vegetables and spices such asdoenjang andgochujang.
  • Budae-jjigae (부대찌개 "army base stew"): Soon after theKorean War, when meat was scarce, some people made use of surplus foods fromUS Army bases such ashot dogs and canned ham (such asSpam) incorporated into a traditional spicy soup.Budae jjigae is still popular in South Korea, and the dish often incorporates more modern ingredients such asinstant ramen noodles.[1]
  • Cheonggukjang jjigae (청국장찌개): a soup made from thick soybean paste containing whole beans.
  • Chueotang (추어탕): groundloach soup, where the loach is boiled and ground to make smooth. The ground loach is mixed with several seasoning and vegetables, and then boiled once more.
  • Daktoritang (닭도리탕): A spicy chicken and potato stew. Also known asdakbokkeumtang (닭볶음탕).
  • Doenjangjjigae (된장찌개): soybean paste soup, served as the main course or served alongside a meat course. It contains a variety of vegetables, shellfish, tofu, and occasionally small mussels, shrimp, or largeanchovies. Typically, anchovies are used for preparing the base stock and are taken out before adding the main ingredients.
  • Galbitang (갈비탕): a hearty soup made from short rib.
  • Gamja-ongsimi (감자옹심이): variety of hand-pulled dough soup (sujebi) in South Korea's Gangwon cuisine.
  • Gamjatang (감자탕, "pork spine stew"): a spicy soup made with pork spine, vegetables (especially potatoes), and hot peppers. The vertebrae are usually separated. This is often served as a late night snack but may also be served for other meals.[13]
  • Gochujang jjigae (고추장찌개): chili pepper paste soup.
  • Gopchang jeongol (곱창전골): beef entrails and vegetable stew.
  • Kimchi jjigae (김치찌개): A soup made with kimchi, pork, and tofu. It is commonly eaten for lunch or with a meat course. It is normally served in astone pot, still boiling when it arrives at the table.
  • Kongbiji jjigae (콩비지찌개): a stew made with ground soybeans.
  • Maeuntang (매운탕): a refreshing, hot, and spicy fish soup.
  • Oritang (오리탕): a soup or stew made by slowly simmeringduck and various vegetables.[14][15]
  • Saengseon jjigae (생선찌개): fish stew.
  • Saeujeot jjigae (새우젓찌개):jjigae made withsaeujeot (fermentedshrimp sauce).
  • Samgyetang (삼계탕): a soup made withCornish game hens that are stuffed withginseng,mongolian milkvetch (hwanggi황기),[16]glutinous rice,jujubes, garlic, andchestnuts. The soup is traditionally eaten in the summer.
  • Seolleongtang (설렁탕): A beef bone stock that is simmered overnight then served with thinly sliced pieces of beef. Usually served in a bowl containingdangmyeon (당면,cellophane noodles) and pieces of beef. Slicedscallions andblack pepper are used as condiments.[1]
  • Sinseollo (신선로): elaborate variety ofjeongol once served inKorean royal court cuisine.
  • Sundubu jjigae (순두부찌개): a spicy stew made with soft tofu and shellfish. Traditionally, the diner puts a raw egg in it while it is still boiling.

Sweets and snacks

[edit]
See also:List of Korean desserts
Tteokbokki
  • Beondegi (번데기): is steamed or boiledsilkworm pupae which are seasoned and eaten as a snack.
  • Bungeoppang (붕어빵 "carp-bread"): a Japanese fish-shaped pastry,Taiyaki, that is usually filled with sweetred bean paste and then baked in a fish-shaped mold. It is chewy on the inside and crispy on the outside.Gukwa-ppang (국화빵): similar tobungeoppang, but it is shaped like a flower.Gyeran-ppang (계란빵, egg bread) is a rounded rectangle and contains whole egg inside. They are often sold by street vendors.
  • Gyeranppang (계란빵): a snack food prepared with egg and rice flour.
  • Hoppang (호빵)
  • Hotteok (호떡): similar topancakes, but the syrup is in the filling rather than a condiment. Melted brown sugar, honey, chopped peanuts, andchinese cinnamon are common fillings. Vegetables are sometimes added to the batter.Hotteok is usually eaten during cold winter months to "warm up" the body with the sweet and warm syrup in the pancake.
Jeungpyeon
Songpyeon
  • Mandu (만두)
  • Sundae (순대): Korean sausage made with a mixture of boiled sweet rice, oxen or pig's blood, potato noodle, mung bean sprouts, green onion and garlic stuffed in a natural casing.[13]
  • Tteok (): a chewy cake made from either pounded short-grain rice (메떡,metteok), pounded glutinous rice (찰떡,chaltteok), orglutinous rice left whole, without pounding (약식,yaksik). It is served either cold,[a] usually as a dessert or snack. Sometimes cooked with thinly sliced beef, onions, oyster mushrooms, etc. to be served as a light meal.
  • Tteokbokki (떡볶이): a dish which is usually made with sliced rice cake, fish cakes, and is flavored withgochujang.

Drinks

[edit]
Main article:List of Korean drinks
Makgeolli

Alcoholic beverages

[edit]
Main article:Korean alcoholic drinks

Anju

[edit]
Main article:Anju (food)
Jokbal dish

Anju (안주) is a general term for a Korean side dish consumed with alcohol (often withsoju). It is commonly served at bars, karaoke bars (noraebang), and restaurants that serve alcohol. These side dishes can also be ordered as appetizers or even a main dish. Some examples ofanju include steamed squid withgochujang, assorted fruit,dubu kimchi (tofu with kimchi), peanuts,odeng/ohmuk,gimbap (small or large),samgagimbap (triangle-shapedgimbap like the Japaneseonigiri),sora (소라, a kind of shellfish popular in street food tents), andnakji (small octopus).Sundae is also a kind ofanju, as issamgyeopsal, ordwejigalbi. Most Korean foods may be served asanju, depending on availability and the diner's taste. However,anju are considered different from thebanchan side dishes served with a regular Korean meal.

Royal court dishes

[edit]
Gujeolpan
Main article:Korean royal court cuisine
  • Gujeolpan (구절판): "nine-sectioned plate", an elaborate dish consisting of a number of different vegetables and meats served with thin pancakes. It is usually served at special occasions such as weddings, and is associated with royalty.
  • Sinseollo (신선로): An elaborate dish of meat and vegetables cooked in a rich broth. It is served in a large silver vessel with a hole in the center, where hot embers are placed to keep the dish hot throughout the meal.

Imported and adapted foods

[edit]
Jajangmyeon

Seasonings

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^filled or covered with sweetenedmung bean paste, red-bean paste, raisins, a sweetened filling made with sesame seeds, mashedred beans, sweet pumpkin, beans, dates, pine nuts, or honey

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdKim, Violet"Food map: Eat your way around Korea"Archived 8 April 2012 at theWayback MachineCNN Go. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012
  2. ^Health MagazineArchived 28 August 2008 at theWayback Machine
  3. ^"Bae, Christina. "Kimchi?Korean Fermented Food." University of Bristol". Archived fromthe original on 6 January 2009. Retrieved19 May 2017.
  4. ^"Food in Korea".Asianinfo.com. Retrieved30 January 2007.
  5. ^"Kimchi".Tour2korea.com. Archived fromthe original on 3 December 2006. Retrieved30 January 2007..
  6. ^Nan, H. M.; Park, J. W.; Song, Y. J.; Yun, H. Y.; Park, J. S.; Hyun, T.; Youn, S. J.; Kim, Y. D.; Kang, J. W.; Kim, H. (2005)."Kimchi and soybean pastes are risk factors of gastric cancer".World Journal of Gastroenterology.11 (21):3175–3181.doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i21.3175.PMC 4316045.PMID 15929164.
  7. ^Ahn, Y. O. (1997). "Diet and stomach cancer in Korea".International Journal of Cancer. Suppl 10 (S10):7–9.doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(1997)10+<7::aid-ijc3>3.0.co;2-c.PMID 9209012.S2CID 43068437.
  8. ^Allchin, Catherine M. (8 March 2016)."Korean pancakes are salty, savory, sublime".The Seattle Times. Retrieved5 December 2016.
  9. ^부침개 [buchimgae].Basic Korean dictionary.National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved7 December 2016.
  10. ^ [jeon].Basic Korean Dictionary.National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved5 December 2016.
  11. ^"2TV 저녁 생생정보 장사의신 닭한마리칼국수".Global Economic (in Korean). 12 July 2023. Retrieved10 June 2024.
  12. ^우거지 (in English and Korean).Daum English Dictionary. Retrieved11 June 2008.[permanent dead link]
  13. ^abcJung, Alex (13 November 2011)."5 Korean ways to eat a pig".CNN Go. Archived fromthe original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved11 April 2012.
  14. ^"Click Korea: Access to Korean Arts & Culture". Archived fromthe original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved22 March 2010.
  15. ^오리탕 (in Korean).Doosan Encyclopedia. Archived fromthe original on 9 December 2012.
  16. ^황기, Astragalus membranaceus (in Korean).Doosan Encyclopedia. Archived fromthe original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved11 June 2008.

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