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List of Iranian foods

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tahchin, anIranianrice cake primarily consisting ofrice,yogurt,saffron, andeggs.

This is alist of Iranian foods and dishes.Iranian cuisine (Persian cuisine) comprises thecooking traditions ofIran. Iran's culinary culture has historically influenced the cuisines of theneighboring regions, includingCaucasian cuisine,Turkish cuisine,Levantine cuisine,Greek cuisine,Central Asian cuisine, andRussian cuisine.[1][2][3][4] Through the variousPersianized Muslim sultanates and the Central AsianMughal dynasty, aspects of Iranian cuisine were also adopted intoIndian andPakistani cuisines.[5][6][7]

Typical Iranian main dishes are combinations ofrice withmeat,vegetables, andnuts. Herbs are frequently used, along with fruits such asplums,pomegranates,quince,prunes,apricots, andraisins. Characteristic Iranian flavorings such assaffron,dried lime and other sources of sour flavoring,cinnamon,turmeric, andparsley are mixed and used in various dishes.

Outside Iran, Iranian cuisine is especially found in cities of the Iranian diaspora such asLondon, theSan Francisco Bay Area,Toronto,[8][9][10][11]Houston and especiallyLos Angeles and its environs.[8][9][12]

Iranian foods

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Bread

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Lavash: Thin, flaky, and round or oval. It is the most common bread in Iran and theCaucasus.
Sangak: Plain, rectangular, or triangle-shaped leavened flatbread that is stone-baked.
Taftun: Thin, soft and round-shaped leavened flatbread that is thicker than lavash.
Tanur bread: Leavened bread baked in an oven calledtanur.
Qandi bread: A sweet bread, sometimesbrioche-like.
Barbari: Thick and oval flatbread.
Sheermal ("milk-rubbed"): A sweet pastry-bread, also widely known asnan-e gisou
Komaj: A sweet date bread with turmeric and cumin, similar to nan e gisu.[13]

Cheese

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This section is an excerpt fromList of cheeses § Iran.[edit]
NameImageRegionDescription
Lighvan cheeseLiqvanabrinedcurdcheese traditionally made inIran. Having a sour flavor, and a shape covered by holes, the cheese is produced from sheep's milk. The name comes from Liqvan, a village inTabriz, where it has traditionally been made.[14]
Talesh cheeseTaleshit can only be found inTalesh County. this cheese is made from goat or sheep milk. Once the cheese is processed, it is held in sheep or goat skin for aging and preservation.
Mahali cheeseMazandaranThis cheese is very similar to IndianPaneer. It is made from full fat cow's milk. It tastes mild and is kept in salt brine.
Pot Cheese (kuzeh)کوزه
Kupe paniri
UrumiaKuzeh Paniri or Kupe paniri or Pot Cheese is a form of salty cheese made of Cow's milk and stored in a pot or jug under the ground for fermentation. It is common in Northwest of Iran specially in cities ofKhoy andUrumia. It is made by addingwhite vinegar to cooled down boiled milk and then gathering the curd and stuffing it in a pot or jug and then the pot is buried under the ground where water is sometimes added to the soil. Sesame seeds orfennel flower seeds andpoppy seeds and blackcaraway is then added to taste better and also lots of salt, after at least 2 months being in the pot it is taken out and then sun dried.[1]

Rice

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MethodDescription
Polow andchelowChelow is plain rice served as an accompaniment to a stew or kebab, while polow is rice mixed with something. They are, however, cooked in the same way. Rice is prepared by soaking in salted water and then boiling it. The parboiled rice (calledchelow) is drained and returned to the pot to be steamed. This method results in an exceptionally fluffy rice with the rice grains separated and not sticky. A browned crust of rice, calledtadig, forms at the bottom of the pot; sometimes, instead of plain rice, a thin layer of bread or potato slices is used for creating the tahdig. Often, tadig is served plain with only a rice crust. Meat, vegetables, nuts, and fruit are sometimes added in layers or mixed with the chelow and then steamed. When chelow is in the pot, the heat is reduced and a thick cloth or towel is placed under the pot lid to absorb excess steam.
KatehRice that is cooked until the water is absorbed completely. It is the traditional dish ofGilan Province.
DamiRice that is cooked almost the same as kateh, but at the start, ingredients that can be cooked thoroughly with the rice (such as grains and beans) are added. While making kateh, the heat is reduced to a minimum until the rice and other ingredients are almost cooked. If kept long enough on the stove without burning and over-cooking, dami and kateh can also produce tadig. A special form of dami istachin, which is a mixture of yogurt, chicken (or lamb) and rice, plussaffron and egg yolks.

Polo and dami

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Sabzi polow: Rice with chopped herbs, usually served withfish.
Lubia polow: Rice with green beans and minced meat.
Albalu polow: Rice withsour cherries and slices of chicken or red meat.
Morasa polow: Rice "jewelled" with barberries, pistachios, raisins, carrots, orange peel, and almonds.[15][16]
Shirin polow: Rice with sweet carrots, raisins, and almonds.[17]
Adas polow: Rice with lentils, raisins, and dates.[18]
Baqali polow: Rice withfava beans anddill weed.[19]
Dampokhtak: Turmeric rice withlima beans.[20]
Tachin:Rice cake including yogurt, egg, and chicken fillets.
Kalam Polow: Rice with cabbage and different herbs.
Zereshk Polow: Rice withberberis and saffron.

Kebab

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Kabab koobideh: Barbecuedground lamb or beef, mixed withparsley andonion.
Juje kabab: Grilled chunks of chicken; one of the most common dishes in Iran.[21]
Kabab barg: Barbecued and marinated lamb, chicken or beef.
Kabab torsh: Traditional kebab fromGilan andMazenderan, marinated in a paste of crushed walnuts, pomegranate juice, and olive oil.
Kabab Bakhtyari: Mixture of barbecued fillet of lamb (or veal) and chicken breast.[22]
Chenje: Skewered and grilled cubes of meat. Iranian equivalent ofshish kebab.[23]
Shashlik: A popular form ofshish kebab. In Iranian cuisine, shashlik is usually in form of large chunks.
Kabab tabei: Homemade grilled meat, prepared on the pan.[24]
Bonab kabab: A type of kebab that is made of ground lamb, onion, and salt in the city ofBonab.

Stew

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Khoresh e bademjan: Eggplant stew with tomato,Verjuice and saffron.
Khoresh e fesenjan: Stew flavored with pomegranate syrup or ground walnuts.
Khoresh e qeyme: Stew withsplit peas,French fries, anddried lime.
Qorme sabzi: Stew with herbs such asleek,cilantro, and driedfenugreek.
Khoresh e karafs: Stewedcelery and meat.[25]
Khoresh e alu: Stewed prunes and meat.[26]
Khoresh e alu-esfenaj: Stewed prunes, spinach, and meat.[27][28]
Khoresh e havij: Stewed carrots and meat.[29]
Khoresh e qarch: Mushroom stew.[30]
Baqala qatoq:Gilak stew withfava bean, dill, and eggs.
Dizi (piti):Mutton stew with chickpeas and potatoes.
Kufte rize:Azerbaijani andKurdish meatball stew.

Soup and āsh

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Sup e morgh: Chicken and noodle soup.[31]
Sup e jow: Barley soup.[32]
Sirabi: Tripe soup; also known assirab shirdun.[33]
Tarkhine: Grain and yoghurt soup.
Gazane: Nettle soup.
Adasi: Lentil soup.
Āsh e reshte: Noodle thick soup.
Āsh e anār: Pomegranate thick soup.
Āsh e doogh: Buttermilk thick soup.
Kalle Joosh:Kashk thick soup.
Bozbash: meat soup with red or white beans, green vegetables, herbs, onions and leeks, dried limes and spices.
Shole: Thick soup with meat, different Legume, wheat Bulgur, rice, Nutmeg and other Spices. Shole is originally fromMashhad.

Other

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Kuku: Whipped eggs folded in with herbs or potato.
Kotlet: Mixture of friedground beef,mashed potato, andonion.
Salad Olivie: Mixture of potato, eggs, peas, and diced chicken (or sausage), dressed withmayonnaise.
Caviar: Salt-cured fish eggs.
Dolme:Stuffed peppers orvine leaves.
Kufte:Meatball ormeatloaf dishes.
Zaban: Beef tongue.
Pache: Boiled parts of cow or sheep; also known askhash.
Pirashki (pirozhki): Baked or fried buns stuffed with a variety of fillings.
Sosis bandari: Traditional sausage with onion, tomato paste, and chili pepper.
Nargesi: A type of spinachomelette.
Sirabij: A type of garlicomelette.
Gondi:Iranian Jewish dish ofmeatball.
Iranian pizza: A typical Iranianpizza.
Dopiaza: TraditionalShiraz curry prepared with a large quantity of onions.
Joshpara:Azerbaijani meat-filled dumplings.
Shenitsel: Fried breaded meat.
Tomato scrambled eggs: A dish made from eggs and tomato.
Jaqur-Baqur: A dish made from sheep's heart, liver and kidney.
Biryan: A traditional dish inIsfahan made from minced meat, fat, onion, cinnamon, saffron, walnut and mint that served with baked lung.

Appetizers

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Torshi: Mixed pickles salad.
Salad Shirazi: Chopped cucumbers, tomato, and onion with verjuice and a little lemon juice.
Borani: Yogurt with spinach and other ingredients.
Mast o khiar:Strained yogurt with cucumber, garlic, andmint.
Sabzi (greens): Fresh herbs and raw vegetables.
Zeytoon parvardeh: Olives in a paste made of pomegranate, walnut and garlic.[34]
Mirza qasemi: Grilled eggplant with egg, garlic and tomato.
Kashk e bademjan: Mixture of kashk, eggplant and mint.

Desserts

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Fereni: Sweet rice pudding flavored withrose water.[35]
Sholezard:Saffronrice-based dessert.
Halva: Wheat flour and butter, flavored with rose water.
Bastani e zaferani: Saffron ice cream.
Falude:Vermicelli mixed in a semi-frozen syrup of sugar and rose water.
Sarshir: Creamydairy product similar toclotted cream.
Liqvan andfeta:Brinedcurd cheese, typically eaten for breakfast.
Samanu: Germinated wheat, typically served forNowruz.

Snacks

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Koluche: Cookies, with major production inFuman andLahijan.
Bamie: Deep fried dough soaked in sugar syrup.
Baqlava: Pastry made offilo,nuts, and sugar syrup.
Reshte khoshkar: Fried and spiced rice flour and walnut.
Nougat andgaz: Made of sugar, nuts, andegg white.
Sohan: Saffronbrittle candy with nuts.
Sohan asali:Brittle candy with honey.
Nan-e berenji: Rice flour cookies.[36]
Tabrizi Lovuez: Diamond-shaped, made ofalmond powder, sugar, and saffron.
Nokhodchi:Chickpea cookies.[37]
Qottab:Almond-filled deep-fried pastry.
Kolompe:Pie made ofdates andcardamom.
Nabat chubi: Rock candy, commonly flavored with saffron in Iran.
Pashmak: Cotton candy.
Trail mix:Dried fruit,grains, andnuts.
Quince cheese: Made of quince and sugar.
Ajil e Moshkel-gosha: Traditional packed trail mix forNowruz.
Gush e fil: Dough topped withpistachiospowdered sugar.
Poolaki: Thin candy made of sugar, water, and whitevinegar.
Baslogh: Pastry made of grape syrup, starch and almond.[38]

Drinks

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Doogh: Coldyogurt drink.
Pomegranate juice
Carrot juice,[39] sometimes mixed withice cream.[40]
Khakshir: Cold sweet drink withDescurainia sophia seeds.[41]
Sekanjebin: Cold drink made of honey andvinegar.
Aragh sagi: A type ofdistilled alcoholic beverage.
Sharbat: Cold and sweet drink made of fruits or flower petals.
Shiraz wine: Wine produced fromShiraz grapes around the city ofShiraz in Iran.

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Persian Cuisine, a Brief History". Culture of IRAN. Retrieved2016-01-08.
  2. ^electricpulp.com."ĀŠPAZĪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica".www.iranicaonline.org.
  3. ^"Iranian Food". Archived fromthe original on 14 April 2014. Retrieved13 April 2014.
  4. ^"Culture of IRAN".Cultureofiran.com. Retrieved13 April 2014.
  5. ^Achaya, K. T. (1994).Indian Food: A Historical Companion. Oxford University Press. p. 11.
  6. ^Stanton; et al. (2012).Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia. SAGE Publications. p. 103.ISBN 978-1452266626.
  7. ^Mina Holland (6 March 2014).The Edible Atlas: Around the World in Thirty-Nine Cuisines. Canongate Books. pp. 207–.ISBN 978-0-85786-856-5.
  8. ^abDehghan, Saeed Kamali (February 3, 2016)."Top five Persian restaurants in London".The Guardian.ISSN 0261-3077. RetrievedFebruary 16, 2016.
  9. ^abTa, Lien (November 27, 2011)."The Best Persian Food In LA (PHOTOS)".HuffPost.
  10. ^"Bay Area chef circles back to childhood with Iranian breads".San Francisco Chronicle. RetrievedMarch 3, 2018.
  11. ^Nuttall-Smith, Chris (13 December 2013)."The 10 best new restaurants in Toronto in 2013".The Globe and Mail. RetrievedFebruary 16, 2016.
  12. ^Whitcomb, Dan (January 4, 2018)."Los Angeles' large Iranian community cheers anti-regime protests".Reuters.
  13. ^Tales of a Kitchen (March 5, 2013)."Persian date bread with turmeric and cumin (Komaj)".
  14. ^Donnelly, C.W.; Kehler, M. (2016).The Oxford Companion to Cheese. Oxford Companions. Oxford University Press. pp. 435–436.ISBN 978-0-19-933088-1. Retrieved29 December 2019.
  15. ^Shafia, Louisa. (16 April 2013). "Morasa polo".The New Persian Kitchen.ISBN 9781607743576.
  16. ^"Jeweled Rice (Morasa Polo)".Parisa's Kitchen. October 9, 2014.
  17. ^Daniel, Elton L. Mahdī, ʻAlī Akbar. (2006).Culture and Customs of Iran. p. 153.ISBN 9780313320538.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^Batmanglij, Najmieh. (2007). "Adas polow".A Taste of Persia: An Introduction to Persian Cooking. p. 96.ISBN 9781845114374.
  19. ^Batmanglij, Najmieh. (2007). "Baqala polow".A Taste of Persia: An Introduction to Persian Cooking. p. 104.ISBN 9781845114374.
  20. ^Batmanglij, Najmieh. (1990).Food of Life: A Book of Ancient Persian and Modern Iranian Cooking and Ceremonies. p. 103.ISBN 9780934211277.
  21. ^"Saffron and lemon chicken (Joojeh Kabab)".Irish Times. Retrieved2016-07-02.
  22. ^Burke, Andrew. Elliott, Mark. (15 September 2010). "MAIN COURSES: Kabab".Iran. Ediz. Inglese. p. 84.ISBN 9781742203492.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  23. ^Sally Butcher (Oct 10, 2013)."Kebab-e-Chenjeh".Snackistan.ISBN 9781909815155.
  24. ^Aashpazi.com."KABAB TABEI".
  25. ^Vatandoust, Soraya. (13 March 2015). "Khoresh-e Karafs".Authentic Iran: Modern Presentation of Ancient Recipes. p. 132.ISBN 9781499040616.
  26. ^Ramazani, Nesta. (1997). "Khoresht-e aloo".Persian Cooking: A Table of Exotic Delights. p. 138.ISBN 9780936347776.
  27. ^Dana-Haeri, Jila. Lowe, Jason. Ghorashian, Shahrzad. (28 February 2011). "Glossary".New Persian Cooking: A Fresh Approach to the Classic Cuisine of Iran. p. 221.ISBN 9780857719553.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  28. ^Goldstein, Joyce (12 April 2016). "Persian Stew with Lamb or Beef, Spinach, and Prunes".The New Mediterranean Jewish Table: Old World Recipes for the Modern Home. Illustrated by Hugh D'Andrade. (1st, ebook ed.). Oakland:University of California Press. p. 319.ISBN 978-0-520-96061-9.LCCN 2020757338.OCLC 923795906.OL 27204905M.Wikidata Q114657881.
  29. ^Ramazani, Nesta. (1997).Persian Cooking: A Table of Exotic Delights. p. 130.ISBN 9780936347776.
  30. ^Dana-Haeri, Jila. Ghorashian, Shahrzad. Lowe, Jason. (28 February 2011). "Khoresht-e gharch".New Persian Cooking: A Fresh Approach to the Classic Cuisine of Iran. p. 72.ISBN 9780857719553.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ^Ramazani, Nesta. (1997). "Chicken Soup (Soup-e Morgh)".Persian Cooking: A Table of Exotic Delights. p. 38.ISBN 9780936347776.
  32. ^Vatandoust, Soraya. (13 March 2015). "Soup-e Jow".Authentic Iran: Modern Presentation of Ancient Recipes. p. 22.ISBN 9781499040616.
  33. ^Meftahi, Ida. (14 July 2017).Gender and Dance in Modern Iran: Biopolitics on Stage. p. 72.ISBN 9781317620624.sirabi-va-shirdun
  34. ^Vatandoust, Soraya. (13 March 2015). "Zeytoon Parvardeh".Authentic Iran: Modern Presentation of Ancient Recipes. p. 44.ISBN 9781499040616.
  35. ^Vatandoust, Soraya. (13 March 2015). "Chapter 8".Authentic Iran: Modern Presentation of Ancient Recipes. p. 186.ISBN 9781499040616.
  36. ^Ramazani, Nesta. (1997)."Rice Flour Cookies (Nan-e Berenji)".Persian Cooking: A Table of Exotic Delights. p. 227.ISBN 9780936347776.
  37. ^Marks, Gil. (17 November 2010)."Shirini".Encyclopedia of Jewish Food.ISBN 9780544186316.
  38. ^Butcher, Sally. (18 November 2012). "Peckham Delight".Veggiestan: A Vegetable Lover's Tour of the Middle East.ISBN 9781909108226.
  39. ^Edelstein, Sari. (2011).Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals. p. 595.ISBN 9780763759650.aab-e havij, a carrot juice
  40. ^Duguid, Naomi. (6 September 2016).Taste of Persia: A Cook's Travels Through Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, and Kurdistan. p. 353.ISBN 9781579657277....havij bastani, a kind of ice cream float, made with Persian ice cream and carrot juice
  41. ^J. & A. Churchill. (1878).The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions, Volume 37. p. 385.Khakshir is imported from Persia...

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